土壤全氮的快速测定

本方法是过硫酸盐氧化消化样品的基础上测定土壤中全氮的光度法.采用碱性过硫酸钾溶液(0.37mol/L K_2S_2O_3,0.375N NaOH)消化土壤样品,然后用百里酚光度法进行测定,具有准确、灵敏、快速、简便等优点,适用于常规和大量样品的分析.     

废电池污染危害及防治对策浅析

本在分析了度电池对土壤、水体、动植物、人体的危害基础上提出了对其污染的防治对策。     

Controlled-release fertilizer(CRF):A green fertilizer for controlling non-point contamination in agriculture

Fertilizers contribute greatly to high yields but also result in environmental non-point contamination, including the emission of greenhouse gas(N2O) and eutrophication of water bodies. How to solve this problem has become a serious challenge, especially for China as its high ecological pressure. Controlled-release fertilizer(CRF) has been developed to minimize the contamination while keeping high yield and has become a green fertilizer for agriculture. Several CRFs made with special coating technology were used for testing the fertilizer effects in yield and environment through pot experiment and field trial. The result indicated that the CRFs had higher N use efficiency, thus reducing N loss through leaching and volatilization while keeping higher yields. Comparing with imported standard CRFs,the test on CRFs showed similar fertilizer effect but with much lower cost. CRFs application is becoming a new approach for minimizing non-point contamination in agriculture.     

红壤中结合态磷在酸化条件下的变化及其相互关系

以浙江沿海地区的红壤为研究对象，通过浸滤过程，研究了在酸化条件下，红壤中可溶笥结合态磷的变化和它们之间的相关关系，结果显示，红壤中可溶性Fe-P比Ca－P、Al－P对酸度的变化更为敏感；当红壤中可溶性磷的原始含量较高时，随酸度的增强从固相中释出的趋势更明显；在酸化过程中、红壤中不同可溶性结合态磷之间呈现出不同的相关关系，这归因子它们对酸化敏感性的差异。     

废钻井泥浆对土壤环境质量影响及其生物效应研究

选择大庆地区有代表性的四种土类:黑钙土,草甸土、盐碱土、沙壤土,进行废泥浆淋渗模拟试验和作物栽培试验。结果表明,废泥浆可使泥浆池底部土壤中金属元素增高,并有淋溶下渗趋势。对土壤中有机物含量影响不大。不会较大幅度改变pH,总盐量和总碱度。大豆申具有生物毒性的重金属只有Cu和As含量有增加的趋势。对大豆无有机污染物的影响。对大豆营养物质含量的影响:淀粉含量有明显增加的趋势,蛋白质和脂肪无正负效应。     

土壤环境容量数学模型——Ⅰ.土壤污染动力学模型

应用物质平衡原理,导出模拟土壤污染过程的动力学方程.可用于估算土壤环境容量、分析土壤污染动态和预测土壤超容年限.以测定残留率为基础的一类模型是本文提出的模型的一个特例.     

海州露天煤矿区土壤质量性状演变的研究

采取海州露天煤矿区采场、排矸场和排土场不同年限梯田层土样,对土壤性质的时空变化进行了研究。结果表明,露天煤矿土壤属于偏碱性、缺氮磷、富钾土壤,矿区土壤动物种类少数量低,线虫数量随着土壤年限增加而增多;用主成分分析法对土壤质量综合评价表明:露天采场土壤质量从底层梯田向顶层递增,排土场土壤质量由底层向顶层递减,是随着梯田年限增加而递增;排矸场土壤质量与梯田年限趋势不明显,主要由混排岩土的母质决定。     

路面雨水排污速率计算方法探讨

本文对影响路面雨水污速率的因素作了分析，提出了从污染源排污速率的方法。