河流沉积物重金属污染质量控制基准的研究 Ⅰ.C-B-T质量三合一方法(Triad)

在综合数据库ＣＥＲＰ－ＤＢＭＳ支持下，利用水体沉积物质量三合一工具，初步建立江西乐安江表层沉积物中重金属污染的质量控制基准。通过将化学分析、毒性鉴定２和底栖群落结构变化三基元集成为一体的三轴图和相应的响应信息判断矩阵，基于现场生物响应的重金属污染的剂量－响应关系。     

Photodegradation of acetochlor in water and UV photoproducts identified by mass spectrometry

The sunlight photodegradation half-lives of 20 mg/L acetochlor were 151, 154 and 169 days in de-ionized water, river water and paddy water, respectively. When exposed to ultraviolet (UV) light, acetochlor in aqueous solution was rapidly degraded. The half-lives were7.1, 10.1, and 11.5 min in de-ionized water, river water and paddy water, respectively. Photopreduets of acetochlor were identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(GC/MS) and found at least twelve photoproducts resulted from dechlorination with subsequent hydrtrxylation and cyclization processes. The chemical structures of ten photoproducts were presumed on the basis of mass spectrum interpretation and literature data. Photoproducts are identified as 2-ethyl-6-methylaniline; N, N-diethylaniline ; 4, 8-dimethyl-2-oxo- 1,2,3,4- tetrahydroquino-line; 2-oxo-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(ethoxymethyl) acetamide; N-(ethoxymethyl)-2‘-ethyl-6‘-methylformanilide; 1-hydroxyaeetyl-2-ethoxyl-7-ethylind ole; 8-ethyl-l-ethoxymethyl-2-oxo-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroquinoline; 4, 8-dimethyl-l-ethoxymethyl-2-oxo-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroquinoline; 2-hydroxy-2‘-ethyl-6‘-methyl-N-(ethoxymethyl) acetanilide and a compound related to acetochlor. The other two photoproducts were detected by GC/MS although their chemical structure was unknown.     

山区水土流失因素综合研究

近年来，“通用土壤流失方程”成为国际土壤保持学界评价预测土壤流失量最具权威的基本方法，但该方程人适用于耕作农地，而对更大地域范围的土壤流失量的测算预报，至今尚未能全面彻底解决。我们在总结国内外有关研究资料的基础上，确定以中等流域＊（２００－５０００ｋｍ＾２）为单元，选定贵州省１７个中等流域，全面系统地研究各流域地质、地貌、土壤、植被、降水、土地利用、人口密度、人均占有粮食、人均收入以及人口素质等自     

浅谈长江船舶污染及治理对策

长江是我国第一大河流，是内河航运业的黄金水道，在随着长江水系不断开发利用，航运业突飞猛进的同时，长江船舶污染也正在加剧，中央电视台焦点访谈、经济半小时分别于98年6月给予曝光，长江船舶污染问题得以成为各级领导和世人关注的热点。本文对长江污染的现状、特点、原因进行浅析，提出了几条整治措施及建议，和大家共同探讨。近年来，随着经济建设和航运业的迅猛发展，长江水域的各种船舶急剧增加，船舶污油及生活垃圾严重污染长江，重大污染事故时有发生，使长江水质、生态环境、葛洲坝水利枢纽的正常运转均受到不同程度的影响，长…     

嘉定城区河流水质现状评价及污染防治对策

通过对嘉定中心城区河流的水质现状调查和评价，提出了引清排污、加强市政措施等污染防治对策。     

淮河江苏段石油类污染及防治

分析淮河江苏段水体中主要污染物－石油类的分布况及其变化趋势，并对其成因及防治进行了初步探讨。