开封凹陷区地热水水化学特征及同位素分析

在分析开封凹陷区地热地质条件的基础上,利用水化学资料对凹陷区内地下热水的水化学组分特征进行了分析,并对其地热水进行了医疗热矿水质量评价;同时,利用大气降水和地热水稳定同位素资料,确定了凹陷区内热储层中地热水的来源为区外的西部山区的大气降水,利用地热水放射性同位素资料估算了凹陷区地热水的年龄,并据此得出各热储层间无明显的水力联系。该研究成果可为开封凹陷区地热流体的合理开发利用提供依据。     

应用分子生物学与同位素示踪技术研究厌氧氨氧化菌活性及功效

厌氧氨氧化是一个新发现的氮循环途径,与反硝化作用都产生氮气,但准确衡量厌氧氨氧化活性及功效的相关方法还是个难题.本研究联合应用分子生物学与同位索示踪技术,以北京某污水处理厂的活性污泥为实验样品,研究其中厌氧氨氧化菌的存在、活性和功效.厌氧氨氧化菌的分子生物学分析是通过16S rRNA进行,选择两步引物分别为pla46-...     

地下水环境安全不容忽视

地下水是水资源的重要组成部分,由于水量稳定、水质好,一直是人类的重要水源之一。进入工业社会,随着人口的增长、工农业的发展和科技的进步,对于水资源的需求不断增加,地下水的开采量和开采深度也进一步加大,洁净而丰富的地下水资源为农业灌溉、工矿生产和城市生活源源不断地注入着活力。数据显示,目前我国地下     

不感冒的十大法宝

随着天气转暖,各种细菌病毒已进入到活跃期,气候的不稳定也给感冒“侵袭”提供了条件。北方早晚温差较大,风大、干燥、扬尘多的气候环境也有利于细菌病毒的传播,而南方这段时期雨水增多,空气潮湿,也容易造成抵抗力下降,易患感冒。     

Factors affecting the direct mineralization of CO2 with olivine

Olivine, one of the most abundant minerals existing in nature, is explored as a CO2 carbonation agent for direct carbonation of CO2 in flue gas. Olivine based CO2 capture is thermodynamically favorable and can form a stable carbonate for long-term storage. Experimental results have shown that water vapor plays an important role in improving CO2 carbonation rate and capacities. Other operation conditions including reaction temperature, initial CO2 concentration, residence time corresponding to the flow rate of CO2 gas stream, and water vapor concentration also considerably affect the performance of the technology.     

Source attributions of heavy metals in rice plant along highway in Eastern China

Air and soil pollution from traffic has been considered as a critical issue to crop production and food safety, however, few efforts have been paid on distinguish the source origin of traffic-related contaminants in rice plant along highway. Therefore, we investigated metals (Pb, Cd, Cr, Zn and Cu) concentrations and stable Pb isotope ratios in rice plants exposed and unexposed to highway traffic pollution in Eastern China in 2008. Significant differences in metals concentrations between the exposed and unexposed plants existed in leaf for Pb, Cd and Zn, in stem only for Zn, and in grain for Pb and Cd. About 46% of Pb and 41% of Cd in the grain were attributed to the foliar uptake from atmosphere, and there were no obvious contribution of atmosphere to the accumulations of Cr, Zn and Cu in grain. Except for Zn, all of the heavy metals in stem were attributed to the root uptake from soil, although significant accumulations of Pb and Cd from atmosphere existed in leaf. This indicated that different processes existed in the subsequent translocation of foliar-absorbed heavy metals between rice organs. The distinct separation of stable Pb isotope ratios among rice grain, leaf, stem, soil and vehicle exhaust further provided evidences on the different pathways of heavy metal accumulation in rice plant. These results suggested that further more attentions should be paid to the atmospheric deposition of heavy metals from traffic emission when plan crop layout for food safety along highway.     

大气痕量挥发性有机物碳同位素分析研究进展

对于大气痕量挥发性有机物的研究,浓度测量方法在满足科学研究的要求方面尚有欠缺,相比之下,同位素测量方法具有测量精度高、对源解析准确和测量误差小的特点且发展迅速,该方法在大气痕量挥发性有机物的研究中所起到的作用日益显著;但由于同位素测量技术对大气样品质量的要求很高,故目前该方法在大气环境科学的研究领域中还不能普及,今后随...     

姚景源：中国最佳年经济增速是8%-9%

中国国家统计局总经济师姚景源2月19日表示,中国经济增长速度过快势必会拉高物价,中国最佳的年经济增长速度是8％-9％。现在是“十二五”开局之年,2011年我们中国经济面对一个突出问题就是物价上涨,所以中央经济工作会议决定,要抑制物价上涨稳定物价总水平让它基本稳定,要把它放在经济经济工作更加突出的位置。     

利用δ15N-NO3-和δ18O-NO3-示踪北京城区河流硝酸盐来源

为定量化识别北京城区河流硝酸盐来源,采用δ~(15)N-NO~-_3和δ~(18)O-NO~-_3双同位素示踪法对北京城区河流河水硝酸盐的氮氧稳定同位素组成进行分析,利用稳定同位素混合模型追溯北京城区河流硝酸盐来源,并评估各污染源的贡献率.结果表明:1北京河流无机氮污染以硝酸盐氮(NO~-_3-N)污染为主,且河流下游硝酸盐氮污染较为严重.2北京城区地表河流δ~(15)N-NO~-_3值范围为6.26‰~24.94‰,δ~(18)O-NO~-_3值范围为-0.41‰~11.74‰;下游δ~(15)N-NO~-_3值比上游大.3根据稳定同位素混合模型,北京河流中硝酸盐贡献率平均值分别为:粪肥及生活污水61.2%、土壤有机氮31.5%、大气沉降7.3%.     

油田回注水质稳定处理及测试

油田回注水质存在不稳定情况,影响注水效果。通过分析水质pH、溶解氧、二价还原性离子及细菌等因素,明确了导致水质不稳定的原因。通过控制水质不稳定因素的方式促进水质稳定,确保其达到回注要求。以两个具体实例说明针对水质自身的特点采取相应的措施,可促进水质稳定。针对1#水样低pH、高浓度二价铁的特点,筛选并投加50 mg/L pH调节剂ZYJ-1以及20 mg/L预氧化剂,促进了回注水质的稳定。针对2#水样高含硫、高含细菌、腐蚀严重的问题,投加100 mg/L杀菌剂ZYC-4,40 mg/L氧化除硫剂,处理后水质腐蚀速率从1.0226 mm/a下降到0.0461 mm/a,达到回注要求。