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基于初始释放瓦斯膨胀能理论,根据突出模拟实验中发生突出时初始释放瓦斯膨胀能的临界值以及初始释放瓦斯膨胀能与瓦斯压力的关系,结合朗格缪尔方程,得出初始释放瓦斯膨胀能与煤层瓦斯含量的关系.该方法只需通过少量实验,就可以快速、准确得出煤样的初始释放瓦斯膨胀能,解决了通过瓦斯压力实验得出煤样初始释放瓦斯膨胀能测压周期长,特别是在地质破碎,裂隙发育的矿区很难准确测出瓦斯压力的难题.这一研究成果对石门揭煤和煤巷掘进中的突出预测具有重大意义. 相似文献
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Nitrous oxide emissions from black soils with different pH 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
N2O fluxes as a function of incubation time from soil with different available N contents and pH were determined. Cumulative carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions were measured to indicate soil respiration. A 144-hr incubation experiment was conducted in a slightly acidic agricultural soil (pHH2O 5.33) after the pH was adjusted to four different values (3.65, 5.00, 6.90 and 8.55). The experiments consisted of a control without added N, and with NH4+-N and NO3--N fertilization. The results showed that soil pH contributed significantly to N2O flux from the soils. There were higher N2O emissions in the period 0-12 hr in the four pH treatments, especially those enhanced with N-fertilization. The cumulative N2O-N emission reached a maximum at pH 8.55 and was stimulated by NO3--N fertilization (70.4 μg/kg). The minimum emissions appeared at pH 3.65 and were not stimulated by NO3--N or NH4+-N fertilization. Soil respiration increased significantly due to N-fertilization. Soil respiration increased positively with soil pH (R2 = 0.98, P < 0.01). The lowest CO2-C emission (30.2 mg/kg) was presented in pH 3.65 soils without N-fertilization. The highest CO2-C emissions appeared in the pH 8.55 soils for NH4+-N fertilization (199 mg/kg). These findings suggested that N2O emissions and soil respiration were significantly influenced by low pH, which strongly inhibits soil microbial nitrification and denitrification activities. The content of NO3--N in soil significantly and positively affected the N2O emissions through denitrification. 相似文献
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The degradation of nonylphenol (NP) in aqueous solution with UV, H2O2/UV, and Fenton/photo-Fenton processes was studied. The efficacy of direct and hydrogen peroxide photolysis proved to be dependent on the pH value. The addition of H2O2 to UV treatment improved NP degradation. The application of UV photolysis and the H2O2/UV system at pH 7 resulted in low pseudo first-order rate constants at 10-4 sec-1. In the experiments at elevated pH values the pseudo-first order rate constants increased to 10-3 sec-1. The efficacy of the Fenton process was lower in comparison with UV and hydrogen peroxide photolysis. The addition of UV irradiation to the H2O2/Fe2+ system substantially improved NP degradation efficacy. In terms of performance, the photo-Fenton process was similar to the H2O2/UV process. The most favourable process for complete nonylphenol degradation considering both operational cost and treatment efficacy was H2O2/UV at pH 11 and 250 mol/L H2O2. 相似文献
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能值理论与研究方法是当前生态经济学领域研究的热点理论和方法,由于其能值可以作为统一标尺衡量不同质别的能量被认为是连接生态学与经济学的桥梁。能值理论与方法经过了30余年的理论发展和实践应用,已经被广泛地应用到了复合和单一系统评价中,但用于对产业集群的功能对比研究还比较少。文章以沈阳市经济技术开发区的2个不同种类的产业集群为例,通过用能值分析方法对于其各项指标进行对比分析,阐述能值理论在产业集群系统效率评价中的应用方法,同时提出对于当地不同种类的产业集群发展,不仅只注重其经济效益同时也应该将资源节约利用和环境保护结合起来。 相似文献
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采集大连市4个大气自动监测点位30dPM2.5和PM10质量浓度小时值的监测数据,通过对每个点位720个有效数据对的统计分析,研究二者质量浓度的相关性及 PM2.5/PM10比值的分布情况,并研究了气象因素对PM2.5与PM10的影响。结果表明,雾使PM2.5PM10浓度都减小,但二者比值也随之降低;强风会使PM10浓度增大,但PM2.5浓度却减小。 相似文献