应用多元线性溶剂化能关系研究有机膨润土的吸附特征

以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)制备的有机膨润土为代表,设置有机膨润土中CTMAB的负载量为1.0倍的阳离子交换量(CEC),测试了其吸附酚类、胺类、硝基类等25种有机物的有机碳标化的吸附系数(K∝)值.在此基础上,运用多元线性回归方法得到了有机膨润土吸附有机物的多元线性溶剂化能关系(LSER)模型,以明确各种作用...     

Removal of antimony from antimony mine flotation wastewater by electrocoagulation with aluminum electrodes

Antimony (Sb) has received increasing environmental concerns due to its potential toxic and carcinogenic properties. In the present work, the electrocoagulation technique was used to treat the flotation wastewater from a heavy antimony polluted area, and the mechanism of removing Sb was also investigated. The study focused on the effect of operation parameters such as current density, initial pH and standing time on the Sb removal efficiency. Antimony concentration of below 1 mg/L in the treated wastewater was achieved, which meets the emission standards established by State Department of Environmental Protection and State Administration of China for Quality Supervision and Inspection and Quarantine of China.     

Simultaneous removal of chromium and arsenate from contaminated groundwater by ferrous sulfate: Batch uptake behavior

Chromium and/or arsenate removal by Fe(II) as a function of pH, Fe(II) dosage and initial Cr(VI)/As(V) ratio were examined in batch tests. The presence of arsenate reduced the removal e ciency of chromium by Fe(II), while the presence of chromate significantly increased the removal e ciency of arsenate by Fe(II) at pH 6–8. In the absence of arsenate, chromium removal by Fe(II) increased to a maximum with increasing pH from 4 to 7 and then decreased with a further increase in pH. The increment in Fe(II) dosage resulted in an improvement in chromium removal and the improvement was more remarkable under alkaline conditions than that under acidic conditions. Chromium removal by Fe(II) was reduced to a larger extent under neutral and alkaline conditions than that under acidic conditions due to the presence of 10 mol/L arsenate. The presence of 20 mol/L arsenate slightly improved chromium removal by Fe(II) at pH 3.9–5.8, but had detrimental e ects at pH 6.7–9.8. Arsenate removal was improved significantly at pH 4–9 due to the presence of 10 mol/L chromate at Fe(II) dosages of 20–60 mol/L. Elevating the chromate concentration from 10 to 20 mol/L resulted in a further improvement in arsenate removal at pH 4.0–4.6 when Fe(II) was dosed at 30–60 mol/L.     

Pretreatment of heterocyclic pesticide wastewater using ultrasonic/ozone combined process

Ultrasonic/O3 combined process was employed to pretreat heterocyclic pesticide wastewater for increasing biodegradability and reducing biological toxicity. Influences of ultrasonic frequency, ultrasonic power, probe diameter, initial pH and O3 dosage on the COD removal were studied. The results showed that the ultrasonic/O3 process significantly improved the biodegradability and reduced the biological toxicity of the wastewater. The ratio of BOD5/COD was increased from 0.03 to 0.55 and the EC50 increased from 11% to 52% under ultrasonic/O3 treatment. Low ultrasonic frequency brought better COD removal. Initial pH was found to have a high influence on the COD removal and alkaline conditions were more favorable. The influences of ultrasonic power and probe diameter were small. With an increase in O3 dosage, COD removal was e ectively improved. The optimal operational parameters for the combined process on COD removal were ultrasonic frequency 20 kHz, initial pH 9.00, ultrasonic power 300Wand dosage of O3 454.8 mg/(L min), under which the e ciency of COD removal reached 67.2%.     

模糊层次分析法在储罐施工HSE风险中的应用

储罐施工过程中存在各种潜在的风险,为了做好储罐施工过程中的HSE管理工作,进行风险评估是关键.本文以新疆某联合站储罐施工工程为例,从“人、物、环、管理”四个方面对储罐施工中可能出现的风险进行了识别,建立了基于模糊层次分析法的风险评估指标体系,计算出各递阶层次风险指标的权重值与层次u的权重值及总排序,并制定了具有针对性的...     

天津市节能协会2011年上半年完成新建项目能评169项

(通讯员) 2010 年10 月天津市经信委颁布了津经信节能[2010]91 号文,在市经信委节能处的领导下,经过积极的组织协调,节能协会适时调整了固定资产投资项目合理用能评估工作.     

测定总氮的影响因素探讨

针对测定总氮过程中空白值偏高的问题,重点分析了实验环境、实验用水、试剂、玻璃器皿、消解过程等因素对空白值的影响,并提出减少空白值偏高的相应对策.     

城市可持续性发展的不同分析方法对比研究

城市可持续性发展的分析方法有很多种。方法不同,结论也可能不同。文章旨在通过实例研究不同分析方法之间的差别,提出一种城市可持续性发展分析中能够应用的综合评价框架。并以成都市的发展为实例,重点比较分析2种方法,即熵值法和趋势分析方法。分析结果表明熵值法和趋势分析法在分析结果上有很大的区别。如前者侧重于经济发展,因而得出成都市的发展趋势是强可持续的;后者强调经济、能耗、及福利之间的相互关系,得出的结论是成都市的发展属于是能耗型发展,即社会福利和经济增长的同时,能耗也在增加。因而在分析判断城市是否可持续发展时,有必要采取不同类型的方法综合判定城市的可持续发展程度。并在制定政策以确保城市的可持续性发展时,综合考虑环境、经济、社会等各个方面的影响,并进行合理的调整,使之相互协调,共同发展。     

基于模糊数学与集值统计的既有建筑火灾危险性评估模型

建筑火灾危险度的评价具有评判参数较多、评判结论模糊、评判过程复杂的特点,一般采用模糊数学的方法加以解决,但是模糊数学有一个明显的缺陷就是评价结果为一个向量,而不是一个点值,其结果不够直观,而集值统计方法可以很好地解决此类问题.本文在前期研究中已建立的建筑火灾危险性模糊评价模型的基础上,通过在模糊数学中引入集值统计方法,...     

噪声监测的常见问题探讨与思考

针对目前在噪声监测过程中存在的一些常见问题,结合实际工作经验,提出了解决这些问题的方法和建议。