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61.
Basic oxygen furnace slag(BOFS) has the potential to remove hexavalent chromium(Cr(VI))from wastewater by a redox process due to the presence of minerals containing Fe2+. The effects of the solution p H, initial Cr(VI) concentration, BOFS dosage, BOFS particle size, and temperature on the removal of Cr(VI) was investigated in detail through batch tests. The chemical and mineral compositions of fresh and reacted BOFS were characterized using scanning electron microscope(SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS)system and X-ray diffractometer(XRD). The results show that Cr(VI) in wastewater can be efficiently removed by Fe2+released from BOFS under appropriate acidic conditions. The removal of Cr(VI) by BOFS significantly depended on the parameters mentioned above. The reaction of Cr(VI) with BOFS followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Fe2+responsible for Cr(VI) removal was primarily derived from the dissolution of Fe O and Fe3O4 in BOFS. When H2SO4 was used to adjust the solution acidity, gypsum(Ca SO4·2H2O)could be formed and become an armoring precipitate layer on the BOFS surface, hindering the release of Fe2+and the removal of Cr(VI). Finally, the main mechanism of Cr(VI) removal by BOFS was described using several consecutive reaction steps. 相似文献
62.
The confusion effect describes the observed decrease in the likelihood that a predator will successfully catch any prey when
attacking larger groups of moving prey. We introduce readers to the work of cognitive psychologists interested in human visual
attention who have been studying their own version of the confusion effect for many years, developing methods and concepts
that may be of fundamental utility to behavioral ecologists. In psychology, ‘basic features’ are characteristics unique to
a target object in the visual field that no distracter objects share. Images containing targets with basic features are often
less likely to induce the confusion effect in human subjects. Target objects with conjunctions of features, on the other hand,
have no individual characteristics unique from distracters, but unique characteristics in combination. Such targets more often induce the confusion effect in humans. We propose the ‘basic feature’ (vs. conjunctions of features)
as a new organizing concept for studies on the occurrence of the confusion effect in nature, potentially allowing predictions
about which types of prey groups are likely to induce the confusion effect in predators. 相似文献
63.
利用Visual Basic语言和Microsoft Access数据库相结合的技术,建立伤亡事故统计分析信息管理系统,对企业历年来发生的伤亡事故进行统计分析从而预防事故的发生. 相似文献
64.
市场失灵决定法律作为国家手段必须介入环境污染控制.无论是传统法还是针对具体环境污染问题而制定的单项环境法,都因其"滞后性和片面性",难以收到良好的控制效果.为有效应对环境问题,必须贯彻"事先预防、全面控制"的理念,制定以"计划性、综合性"为特点的环境基本法.鉴于环境基本法在各国控制环境污染的实践中成效显著,应坚持中国《环境保护法》的环境基本法定位,并随着环境问题的发展,不断完善之. 相似文献
65.
对无锡太湖治理工作进行了总结和回顾,指出目前太湖“藻型生境条件”尚未根本改变,湖体中蓝藻数量仍处于较高水平且随时有大面积暴发的可能,太湖治理将是一项长期的系统性工作。针对太湖基础性研究相对滞后制约科学治太工作推进的问题,提出必须加强“太湖总氮来源及控制措施”“太湖蓝藻水华成因及控制措施”“太湖纳污能力”“太湖水生态修复方法”等7项重点基础性研究的建议。 相似文献
66.
We examined the effect that value orientation to forests and wildland fire management has on an individual’s decision to create
defensible space around his or her residence in the wildland–urban interface. Using data from a mail-back questionnaire, respondents
in north central Minnesota were clustered by basic value–laden beliefs toward forest and wildland fire management and compared
across a number of perceptions and behaviors related to creating defensible space around residences. Value orientation groups
differed in attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavior control toward creating defensible space. In addition, relative
effects of these perceptions on intention to create defensible space differed across groups. Implications lie in (a) understanding
differences in motivations and reasons for support of strategies for managing fires near the wildland–urban interface, (b)
developing information designed to address the perspectives of different groups related to creating defensible space, and
(c) contributing to an improved integration of land management and public concerns and interests. 相似文献
67.
对垃圾转运系统的基本知识做了简要介绍,详细阐述了目前生活垃圾常用的转运模式,介绍了垃圾转运过程中的二次污染及控制技术,分析了现行主要的垃圾转运技术及其发展趋势。 相似文献
68.
ngel Rodriguez Juan M. Manso ngel Aragn Javier J. Gonzalez 《Resources, Conservation and Recycling》2009,53(11):645-651
Ladle furnace basic slag (LFS) is a by-product of the steelmaking process. It has rarely been recovered in the past and is usually disposed of in landfill sites. Despite containing stable chemical substances of great quality, some of which are potentially hydraulic, its practical applications have been limited. This paper discusses the attractive option of using LFS in the manufacture of masonry mortars for use in the construction industry, which requires an analysis of the principal characteristics of such mortars, i.e. workability and mechanical strength. It reports on a comparative study, using standard commercial admixtures, between conventional masonry mortars and mortars manufactured with LFS as a partial replacement for sand and cement, the results of which imply considerable economic savings in sand and cement, improvements in the properties of the mortars and in overall sustainability, by avoiding disposal and conserving natural resources. 相似文献
69.
Using of high-resolution topsoil magnetic screening for assessment of dust deposition: comparison of forest and arable soil datasets 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Magnetic susceptibility (κ) is an easily detectable geophysical parameter that can be used as a proxy or semi-quantitative
tracer of atmospheric industrial and urban dusts deposited in topsoil. An enhanced κ value of topsoil is in many cases also
associated with high concentrations of soil pollutants (mostly heavy metals). High-resolution magnetic screening of topsoil
in areas of high pollution influx is a useful tool for detection of pollution “hot spots”. General and regional screening
maps with a grid density of 10 or 5 km have been performed on the basis of forest topsoil measurement only. The purpose of
this study was to perform high-resolution magnetic screening with different grid densities in both forested and agricultural
areas (arable land). Our large study area (ca. 200 km2) was located in a relatively more polluted region of the central part of Upper Silesia, and a second (small) one (ca. 100
m2) was located in the western part of Upper Silesia, with considerably lower influx of pollution. In the framework of this
study, we applied a statistical comparison of data obtained in forested areas and on arable land. The arable soil showed statistically
significantly lower κ values, the result of “physical dilution” of the arable layer caused by annual ploughing. Thus arable
soils must be avoided during high-resolution field measurement. From semivariograms, it was clear that the spatial correlations
in forest topsoil are much stronger than in arable soil, which suggests that a denser measurement grid is required in forested
areas. 相似文献
70.
本文从水利是国民经济基础产业的角度阐述了防洪建设是具有战略意义的基础产业.文中提出了未来洪灾损失具有逐步加大的趋势与特点。针对我国防洪现状,提出在国民经济建设中,防洪建设必须超前发展,以及应采取的全面综合防洪对策。 相似文献