基于隐性危险驾驶人感知特性及判别模型研究*

为研究驾驶人在隐性危险场景中危险感知行为,基于Bayes判别法,将驾驶行为指标作为输入变量,建立驾驶人危险感知能力预测模型。结果表明:驾驶员在显性危险场景的纵向加速度显著低于隐性危险场景;驾驶人在隐性危险场景中TTC值小于显性危险场景;在被试车辆与轿车、行人、非机动车冲突3种交通冲突场景中,驾驶人对行人危险感知能力最弱。研究结果对提高道路交通安全水平以及驾驶人应急避险能力具有一定实际指导意义。     

机场火灾旅客安全态度、风险感知与非适应性疏散行为的关系研究*

为减少旅客非适应性疏散行为,提高机场火灾疏散效率,基于态度-行为过程模型,剖析机场火灾旅客安全态度对非适应性疏散行为的作用机理。构建包含安全态度(安全认知、安全情感、安全行为倾向)、风险感知（概率感知、控制感知、损失感知）和非适应性疏散行为的理论模型,并依据507份有效数据进行实证检验。研究结果表明:安全情感对非适应性疏散行为有直接显著的负向作用,安全认知和安全行为倾向通过风险感知的中介作用对非适应性疏散行为产生负向影响,且安全情感对非适应性疏散行为的总效应最大。     

Local people's perceptions of participating in conservation in a heritage site: A case study of the Wuyishan Scenery District cultural and natural heritage site in Southeastern China

The perceptions and attitudes of local people in heritage sites strongly influence their behaviour related to protecting heritage resources and improving management. In this study, we collected pertinent data through a questionnaire and group discussions to examine local people's attitudes and perceptions toward participation in heritage protection in Wuyishan Scenery District (WSD). Logistic regression was used to identify the factors that influence local people's perceptions of heritage protection behaviours. The results indicate that education level is the most critical factor in local people's initiatives to protect heritage resources. Local people with higher education levels pay more attention to the status of WSD and behave more positively with regard to conservation. Gender and income are relatively important factors in perceptions of heritage. Males have better knowledge of heritage resources than females do, and inhabitants with higher income levels are more likely to participate in protection, especially after WSD was listed as a World Heritage Site. Education level was always a key demographic factor before and after WSD's listing on the Heritage List. Household size was a significant factor before WSD was listed on the Heritage List, but it was not significant after, when household income became a significant factor.