真菌对微量元素铁、锌、硒生物富集作用的研究

研究了在不同培养基成分和同一培养基成分中 ,三株酵母菌和三株食用菌对Fe ,Zn ,Se的富集作用 .结果表明 :培养基成分、微量元素浓度和不同的菌株会影响六株真菌的生物富集作用 .提高培养基中蛋白质、脂肪和Fe ,Zn ,Se的浓度 ,有利于它们对Fe ,Zn ,Se的富集 ,较高浓度的Fe ,Zn ,Se盐能促进香菇菌丝的生长     

硒酸钠和亚硒酸钠对长春花细胞悬浮生长的影响

研究了硒化合物对长春花(C.roseus)细胞悬浮生长的影响.在pH5.5培养介质中,当Se(Ⅵ)>0.5ppm或Se(Ⅳ)>0.6ppm时,将抑制C.roseus细胞悬浮生长,其致死浓度分别是100ppm Se(Ⅵ)和2.0ppm Se(Ⅳ).C.roseus对硒化合物有效强的富集作用.硒化合物的毒性和培养介质的pH值有关.在本试验条件下,硒酸钠和亚硒酸钠对Hg²⁺无拮抗作用.     

非战争状态下空军军事活动与环境保护

分析了非战争状态下空军军事活动对环境的影响,在此基础上对如何开展非战争状态下我国国防的环境保护工作,提出了一些对策与建议.     

新疆柴窝堡湖水质污染控制与恢复方案的研究

新疆柴窝堡湖是乌鲁木齐市重要的渔业养殖基地,根据柴窝堡湖水环境污染状况、污染物来源及水质恶化原因,结合国内外湖泊治理、水生生态系统恢复研究及应用技术,提出了柴窝堡湖水环境污染控制和生态恢复方案。     

政府行为对水生态环境的影响及其对策

政府行为是左右社会发展的重要方面,它和人类活动一样也会给生态环境带来较大的影响.文章以温岭市为例,通过分析城市规划、卫生改厕、堤岸砌石和堤坝拆除、城市污水排海工程建设和小康型住宅建设等行为对水生态环境所带来的影响,使得环境污染从局部性向整体性蔓延,环境问题从单一的有机污染向有机、无机污染并重和水生态环境恶化发展,根据生态学的观点和当地的实际情况,提出了调整政府职能、完善决策机制、合理城市规划、加强环境宣传等方面的对策.     

云南洱海沉积物--水界面铁、锰的分布和迁移特征

洱海是一永久性含氧湖泊。对洱海沉积物中铁、锰的分布特征进行了分析，说明洱海沉积物中铁的循环比锰微弱的多，铁氧化物的还原作用受到了溶解氧和锰氧化物的双重控制。输入沉积物中的铁大部分都保存于沉积物中。锰氧化物的还原虽然也受到溶解氧的制约，但其还原作用仍很激烈，所以锰对环境的敏感程度比铁高，沉积物中的铁具有环境记录意义，而锰不具有环境记录意义。     

Why do house-hunting ants recruit in both directions?

To perform tasks, organisms often use multiple procedures. Explaining the breadth of such behavioural repertoires is not always straightforward. During house hunting, colonies of Temnothorax albipennis ants use a range of behaviours to organise their emigrations. In particular, the ants use tandem running to recruit naïve ants to potential nest sites. Initially, they use forward tandem runs (FTRs) in which one leader takes a single follower along the route from the old nest to the new one. Later, they use reverse tandem runs (RTRs) in the opposite direction. Tandem runs are used to teach active ants the route between the nests, so that they can be involved quickly in nest evaluation and subsequent recruitment. When a quorum of decision-makers at the new nest is reached, they switch to carrying nestmates. This is three times faster than tandem running. As a rule, having more FTRs early should thus mean faster emigrations, thereby reducing the colony’s vulnerability. So why do ants use RTRs, which are both slow and late? It would seem quicker and simpler for the ants to use more FTRs (and higher quorums) to have enough knowledgeable ants to do all the carrying. In this study, we present the first testable theoretical explanation for the role of RTRs. We set out to find the theoretically fastest emigration strategy for a set of emigration conditions. We conclude that RTRs can have a positive effect on emigration speed if FTRs are limited. In these cases, low quorums together with lots of reverse tandem running give the fastest emigration.     

Formaldehyde degradation by UV/TiO2/O3process using continuous flow mode

The degradation of formaldehyde gas was studied using UV/TiO2/O3 process under the condition of continuous flow mode. The effects of humidity, initial formaldehyde concentration, residence time and ozone adding amount on degradation of formaldehyde gas were investigated. The experimental results indicated that the combination of ozonation with photocatalytic oxidation on the degradation of formaldehyde showed a synergetic action, e.g,, it could considerably increase decomposing of formaldehyde. The degradation efficiency of formaldehyde was between 73.6% and 79.4% while the initial concentration in the range of 1.84--24 mg/m^3 by O3/TiO2flJV process. The optimal humidity was about 50% in UV/TiO2/O3 processs and degradation of formaldehyde increases from 39.0% to 94.1% when the ozone content increased from 0 to 141 mg/m^3. Furthermore, the kinetics of formaldehyde degradation reaction could be described by Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. The rate constant k of 46.72 mg/（m^3.min） and Langmuir adsorption coefficient K of 0.0268 m^3/mg were obtained.     

单轴拉伸条件下先进增强结构力学性能研究

目的研究单轴拉伸条件下先进增强结构的力学性能。方法开展先进增强结构以0.02 mm/s匀速加载至20 000 N的静力拉伸实验,采用应变检测方法获取先进增强结构复合材料结构和金属基体结构的应力应变分布特点,研究先进增强结构对金属基体应力水平的降低程度。结果在确保先进增强结构完好的情况下,先进增强结构能大幅度降低金属基体结构的应力水平,降低程度约为85%。结论按照飞机高应力区结构特点和载荷分布特点,合理布置先进增强结构,能增加局部区域的传递路径,减小局部区域的应力水平,提高该区域的疲劳和损伤容限性能。     

长春市土壤微生物生化作用强度及其影响因素

论文通过样品采集和室内分析研究了城市土壤微生物活性特征及其与土壤理化性质和重金属含量的关系。结果表明:土壤微生物各生化作用强度各不相同,受土地利用方式影响很大,微生物生化作用强度对环境敏感性顺序为氨化作用(1.27)>固氮作用(0.82)>纤维素分解强度(0.74)>呼吸作用强度(0.57)。土壤理化性质对其影响复杂多样,其中自然含水量是影响微生物各种生化作用强度的共同主要因素;土壤重金属对微生物各种生化作用强度影响的程度和方向存在差别。影响土壤微生物生化作用强度的主要土壤理化性质在一定程度上掩盖或者协同土壤重金属对土壤微生物生化作用的影响。不能利用微生物生化作用强度指示长春市土壤重金属复合污染状况。