Water quality and restoration in a coastal subdivision stormwater pond

Stormwater ponds are commonly used in residential and commercial areas to control flooding. The accumulation of urban contaminants in stormwater ponds can lead to a number of water quality problems including high nutrient, chemical contaminant, and bacterial levels. This study examined the interaction between land use and coastal pond water quality in a South Carolina residential subdivision pond. Eutrophic levels of chlorophyll and phosphorus were present in all seasons. Harmful cyanobacterial blooms were prevalent during the summer months. Microcystin toxin and fecal coliform bacteria levels were measured that exceeded health and safety standards. Low concentrations of herbicides (atrazine and 2,4-D) were also detected during summer months. Drainage from the stormwater pond may transport contaminants into the adjacent tidal creek and estuary. A survey of residents within the pond's watershed indicated poor pet waste management and frequent use of fertilizers and pesticides as possible contamination sources. Educational and outreach activities were provided to community members to create an awareness of the water quality conditions in the pond. Pond management strategies were then recommended, and selected mitigation actions were implemented. Water quality problems identified in this study have been observed in other coastal stormwater ponds of varying size and salinity, leading this project to serve as a potential model for coastal stormwater pond management.     

Novel materials for environmental remediation of tailing pond waters containing naphthenic acids

A nanofiltration strategy for tailing pond waters (TPWs) that utilizes cyclodextrin (CD)-based polymeric materials as supramolecular sorbents is proposed. Naphthenic acids (NAs) from the Athabasca TPWs are investigated as the target sorbate molecules.The sorption properties of several supramolecular porous materials were characterized using equilibrium sorption isotherms in aqueous solution wherein electrospray ionization mass spectrometry was used to monitor the concentration of NAs in aqueous solution. The characterization of the supramolecular sorbents was performed using ¹³C NMR and IR spectroscopy, while nitrogen porosimetry was used to estimate their surface area and pore structure properties. Independent estimates of surface area were obtained using a chromophore dye adsorption method in aqueous solution.The sorption results for NAs in solution were compared between a commercially available standard; granular activated carbon (GAC) and three types of synthetic materials. The sorption capacities for GAC ranged from 100 to 160 mg NAs/g of material whereas the polymeric materials ranged from 20 to 30 mg NAs/g of material over the experimental conditions investigated. In general, differences in the sorption properties between GAC and the CD-based sorbents were observed and related to differences in the surface areas of the materials and the chemical nature of the sorbents. The CD-based supramolecular materials displayed sorption capacities ranging from 36.2 to 657 m²/g as compared to that for GAC (795 m²/g).     

高级综合稳定塘处理养猪场废水

针对大型规模化养猪场污水污染负荷高 ,行业利润水平低的特点 ,采用高级综合稳定塘工艺对广州市某养猪场的废水进行处理。实际运行结果表明 ,在废水CODCr为 1 5 899mg L、BOD5为 1 0 84 0mg L、氨氮为 1 2 83mg L和SS为30 2 4mg L的条件下 ,出水CODCr为 71 5mg L、BOD5为 2 3mg L、氨氮为 6 6 5mg L ,SS为 34mg L ,达到畜禽养殖业污染物排放标准 (GB1 85 96 2 0 0 1 )的要求     

污水稳定塘除藻的可行性技术研究

研究了稳定塘系统出水中微藻的自动絮凝作用规律．在光暗交替条件下,微藻生物量呈增减替换趋势;在遮光条件下即出现所谓“暗沉降”现象;揭示了由于优势种的不同所显现的沉降速率的差异．研究还肯定了水生动物（ 如蚌和鱼） 对微藻的滤食作用及絮凝剂（ Ｐ Ｆ Ｓ 和 Ｐ Ａ Ｃ） 在适当ｐ Ｈ 值下对微藻的快速絮凝沉降效率．在此基础上提出了几种廉价且便于操作的除藻技术,如采用间歇排水方式除藻或采用遮光措施,或用 Ｐ Ｆ Ｓ 絮凝剂除藻等     

高强度农业种植区不同景观池塘氧化亚氮排放特征

农业流域水体氮循环过程与农业活动有着十分紧密联系,会随着农业活动的持续进行而成为大气N₂O的重要排放源.小型池塘具有灌溉、蓄水和纳污等多种功能,是农业种植区和农村景观的重要组成部分.以巢湖北岸典型农业流域烔炀河流域为研究对象,选取3种不同类型(村塘、农塘和水塘),共计6个池塘,于2020年9月至2021年9月连续采样观测,探究了农业流域不同景观池塘N₂O排放特征及其影响因素.结果表明,用于生活污水承纳的村塘N₂O排放最高,其次为用于农业灌溉的农塘,其N₂O排放通量分别为流域自然水塘排放量[(1.33±2.50)μmol·(m²·d)^-1]的8倍和4倍.连续观测表明不同景观池塘N₂O排放表现出明显的时间变化特征,但其N₂O排放时间变化的调控因子有所不同.其中,村塘与农塘N₂O排放主要受氮负荷和降雨影响,而远离村庄农田的水塘N₂O排放变化主要受水温驱动.烔炀河流域池塘是大气...     

我国尾矿库事故统计分析与对策研究

基于2001年以来我国尾矿库所发生的66起事故,从事故发生起数、伤亡人数及引发事故的类型等方面,研究了尾矿库事故发生的特点,分析了事故发生规律,并结合我国尾矿库的特点及现状,提出了减少尾矿库事故、改善安全运行状况的建议与对策。     

优势复合菌群用于城市生活污水净化新技术的研究

利用有效微生物 (EM )对广西南宁某污水塘进行了水体净化试验 ,在考察污染水体pH、水温等环境因素对EM影响的基础上 ,较系统地研究了EM技术对池塘水体各项主要污染指标的去除性能。试验结果表明 ,各项污染指标已达到GB1 2 94 1 -91景观娱乐用于C类水质标准。EM技术容易操作 ,处理费用低廉 ,是废水稳定塘治理的一种新方法、新技术。 更多还原      

Ecology and seasonal variation of microalgal community in an oil refinery effluent holding pond: monitoring and assessment

The microalgal community as primary producers has to play a significant role in the biotic and abitoic interactions of anyaquatic ecosystem. Whenever a community is exposed to a pollutant, responses can occur because individuals acclimate topollutant caused changes and selection can occur favouring resistant genotypes within a population and selection among species can result in changes in community structure. The microalgal community of industrial effluent treatment systems arecontinuously exposed to pollutants and there is little data available on the structure and seasonal variation of microalgalcommunity of industrial effluent holding ponds, especially of acomplex effluent like that of refinery. The aim of the presentstudy was to investigate the annual variation in the ecology,biomass, productivity and community structure of the algalcommunity of a refinery effluent holding pond. The results ofthe study showed the pond to be a eutrophic system with a resistant microalgal community with distinct seasonal variation in species composition.     

某硫铁矿区废水池沉积物剖面中重金属化学形态分布和环境污染评价

矿山开采是造成环境重金属污染的重要途径,揭示重金属在污染区的富集特征及潜在生态效应对重金属污染防治有重要意义。以粤西某硫铁矿区废水池沉积物剖面为研究对象,采用电感耦合等离子质谱仪和分级提取法分析底泥中Tl、Cr、Ni、Co与Cd总量和各化学形态的分布特征及生态风险,并结合矿物组成分析阐明富集及迁移机制。结果表明：底泥中Cd含量远超我国土壤背景值,且Cd主要以弱酸可交换态的形式存在;Tl含量同样远超我国土壤背景值,以残余态的形式为主;Cr和Ni含量均略高于我国土壤背景值,也主要以残余态的形式存在;Co含量小于我国土壤环境背景值,具有较大的弱酸可交换态比例。综合富集因子法和风险评价指数分析,底泥中Cd具有很强的环境潜在危害性;Tl具有强的环境潜在危害性;Cr和Ni具有中等程度的环境潜在危害性;Co没有环境潜在的危害。硫铁矿区废水池底泥是重金属（Cd、Tl、Ni和Cr）重要的汇和潜在二次污染源。硫铁矿区废水池底泥中Cd和Tl高度富集,Ni和Cr具有低—中等程度的富集,废水池底泥的污染防治与资源回收同样值得思考关注。     

氧化塘水力特性模型研究

氧化塘是一种被广泛应用且运行费用较低的污水处理设施，其流型有多种模型可供采用，但主要模型参数纵向扩散系数（D）和扩散因素（d）均难准确预测，为了满足这些模型的通用性就需要建立所需参数的预测方程。通过氧化塘模型研究，利用示踪实验技术测定了水力逗留时间分布，提出了一种计算氧化塘模型纵向扩散系数D的经验公式，为求取扩散因素d或扩散传质准数Pe提供了简便方法。用所得经验公式求得胜利油田桩西联采油废水氧化塘Pe值，与实测值较好吻合，相对偏差为6．61％。