全文获取类型
收费全文 | 574篇 |
免费 | 11篇 |
国内免费 | 4篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 33篇 |
废物处理 | 2篇 |
环保管理 | 194篇 |
综合类 | 77篇 |
基础理论 | 143篇 |
污染及防治 | 72篇 |
评价与监测 | 25篇 |
社会与环境 | 27篇 |
灾害及防治 | 16篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 1篇 |
2023年 | 3篇 |
2022年 | 9篇 |
2021年 | 13篇 |
2020年 | 7篇 |
2019年 | 4篇 |
2018年 | 4篇 |
2017年 | 16篇 |
2016年 | 17篇 |
2015年 | 6篇 |
2014年 | 12篇 |
2013年 | 17篇 |
2012年 | 12篇 |
2011年 | 52篇 |
2010年 | 26篇 |
2009年 | 66篇 |
2008年 | 55篇 |
2007年 | 36篇 |
2006年 | 28篇 |
2005年 | 18篇 |
2004年 | 20篇 |
2003年 | 16篇 |
2002年 | 14篇 |
2001年 | 8篇 |
2000年 | 13篇 |
1999年 | 16篇 |
1998年 | 8篇 |
1997年 | 7篇 |
1996年 | 20篇 |
1995年 | 4篇 |
1994年 | 8篇 |
1993年 | 12篇 |
1992年 | 5篇 |
1991年 | 3篇 |
1990年 | 3篇 |
1989年 | 3篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 3篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1968年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有589条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
481.
Joseph C. Feng Surindar S. Sidhu Cecilia C. Feng 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(6):639-654
Abstract The spatial distribution of hexazinone and two primary metabolites were measured in forest soil for two years following the aerial application of a granular formulation, PRONONE 10G, in northern Alberta. Residues were quantified using solid‐phase extraction and capillary gas chromatography. Initial deposition rates of two hexazinone treatments averaged 2.3 ± 0.5 and 4.1 ± 0.8 kg/ha for each triplicated plots. One year after application, residues of hexazinone averaged 0.25 ± 0.09 and 0.40 ± 0.02 kg/ha in 2.3 and 4.1 kg/ha treatment, respectively, in the 0–10 cm surface soil; and were distributed vertically in soil depths of 0–10, 10–20, and 20–30 cm at ratios of 10:11:2 and 10:5:2, respectively, in 2.3 and 4.1 kg/ha treatment. Metabolites A and B amounted to 15 and 30% of hexazinone, respectively. Two years after application, the vertical movement of hexazinone in soil was quantifiable to the 40‐cm depth in both 2.3‐ and 4.1‐kg/ha treatment plots. Trace amounts of hexazinone were detected at 130 cm only in the 2.3‐kg/ha plot, which is likely due to the more freely downward movement of hexazinone to deeper horizons along decayed root channels. 相似文献
482.
Sidney Bourne 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(2):75-86
Abstract Four techniques were studied for capacity to preserve sixteen organophosphorous pesticides in distilled water and in creek water. A technique using chloroform effectively preserved all sixteen pesticides for the three weeks of the study and refrigeration was effective for fourteen of the pesticides, but buffers of pH A and pH 7 appeared undependable as preservatives. 相似文献
483.
The influence of different concentrations of ozone under different light intensities on young trees of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) is studied. Young beeches were exposed continuously for 5 months in fumigation chambers, located outdoors, with 131±30/μg/m3O3, and for 2 months in fumigation chambers, located in air‐conditioned greenhoouses, with 100±10, 200±20 and 300±30/μg/m3O3, respectively. The observed symptoms point towards an increased xeromorphism in beech leaves, positively influenced by high light intensities. Ozone‐induced water stress may be the cause of xeromorphic tissue changes. On the ultrastructural level chloroplasts have become senescent. 相似文献
484.
Alpina Begossi Natalia Hanazaki Nivaldo Peroni 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2000,2(3-4):177-193
Hot spots in Brazil include a variety of ecosystems, such as mangroves, forests, and the Brazilian savannah, locally called cerrado. Some of the rural populations in these hot spots are the caiçaras in SE Atlantic Forest coast, and the caboclos in the Amazon. In this study, we are concerned especially with the knowledge of caiçaras and caboclos, associated with practices that might have implications for management. Data were gathered through interviews with adults at the various communities studied, and through systematic observations, including samples of fishing trips and the mapping of fishing spots used in the Atlantic Forest coast. The use of resources from the surrounding vegetation includes collection of plants, cultivated fruit gardens, the swidden system, and a careful and managed extraction of fibres. Among animal resources, food taboos seem to be useful practices that might contribute to the maintenance of local natural resources. Potential management practices should be locally developed, such as the informal division of fishing spots in Atlantic Forest sites, and the maintenance of the diversity of cassava varieties in both the Atlantic Forest and Amazonian areas. 相似文献
485.
Tobias Kuemmerle Daniel Müller Patrick Griffiths Marioara Rusu 《Regional Environmental Change》2009,9(1):1-12
The drastic socio-economic and political changes that occurred after the breakdown of socialism in Eastern Europe triggered
widespread land use change, including cropland abandonment and forest cover changes. Yet the rates and spatial patterns of
post-socialist land use change remain largely unclear. We used Landsat TM/ETM+ images to classify land cover maps and assess
landscape pattern changes from 1990 to 2005 in Argeş County, Southern Romania. Cropland abandonment was the most widespread
change (21.1% abandonment rate), likely due to declining returns from farming, tenure insecurity, and demographic developments
during transition. Forest cover and forest fragmentation remained remarkably stable during transition, despite widespread
ownership transfers. Cropland abandonment provides opportunities for increased carbon sequestration, but threatens cultural
landscapes and biodiversity. Continued monitoring is important for assessing whether abandoned croplands will eventually reforest
or be put back into production and to better understand the consequences of post-socialist land use change for ecosystems
and biodiversity. 相似文献
486.
The impact of ozone on forest ecosystems in Italy is monitored within the CONECOFOR programme. Ozone levels are measured in 30 plots using passive samplers. Response parameters used are: crown condition (transparency), BAI (basal area increment), and visible symptoms on spontaneous vegetation. Levels of AOT40 are above the concentration-based critical level of 5 ppmh in all sites, but the evidence of impact on forest vegetation remains limited. Ozone is a predictor of crown transparency residuals in beech sites over two consecutive years, but the variance explained amounts to less than 10%. The relation between BAI reduction and ozone is even less certain. Transparency and BAI are more readily explainable in terms of ecological conditions of the site and climate fluctuations. The interpretation of visible symptoms is doubtful, and is conditioned by the prevailing ecological factors in the areas. 相似文献
487.
M. Kirchner T. Faus-Kessler W. Levy S. Bernhöft A. Zsolnay C. Belis W. Moche M. Uhl K.-W. Schramm 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2009,157(12):3238-3247
In forest soils along vertical profiles located in different parts of the Alps, concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), namely organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) like dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCH), heptachlor, aldrin, dieldrin and mirex, were measured. Though local characteristics of the sites are influenced by numerous factors like orographic and meteorological parameters, forest stand characteristics and humus parameters, we ascertained a marked vertical increase of concentrations of some organochlorine compounds in the soil. On the basis of climatological values of each site, we found that the contamination increase with altitude can be ascribed to a certain ‘cold condensation effect’. In addition, the perennial atmospheric deposition of POPs is controlled by precipitation. Other key parameters explaining the accumulation of POPs are the soil organic carbon stocks, the turnover times, the re-volatilisation and degradation processes, which vary with altitude. 相似文献
488.
The effectiveness of different conservation policies is debated, but the policies are rarely evaluated quantitatively. A voluntary or 'soft' policy based mainly on education provides information about ecosystems and effects of land use, to encourage conservation action. Swedish forestry relies mainly on soft policy, with substantial resources for education and advice to more than 200,000 forest owners, while legal regulation is weak. Increased retention of broadleaved trees at clear-cutting, with environmental benefits in the conifer-dominated forestry, is important in the policy. We used the Swedish National Forest Inventory to analyse this policy for young forests in southern Sweden. Between 1983-1987 and 1998-2002 the policy had no positive effect on saplings (1.3m tall to 4.9 cm dbh) of birch, oak, beech and other species that mostly decreased in density, due to planting of conifers and browsing by ungulates. However, broadleaved conservation trees (>or=15 cm dbh) increased in density, e.g. to about one oak and six birches per ha in young coniferous forest in 1998-2002. The relative increase in density was higher for large (>or=20 cm dbh) than for small trees (15-20 cm dbh). The density of conservation trees was higher on forestland of high than of low productivity. Thus, the soft conservation policy did not influence regeneration of saplings in this type of forestry system, but large broadleaved trees were increasingly saved at 'clear-cuttings'. Advice and educational programmes probably contributed to this result. A continued increase in conservation trees at harvest may require economical support to forest owners. 相似文献
489.
Differences in the way local and regional interest groups perceive Sustainable Forest Management in regions with different forest use histories were studied using Southeastern Finland, the Mauricie in Quebec and Central Labrador in Canada as examples of regions with high, medium and low importance of commercial forestry. We present a conceptual model illustrating the cyclic interaction between the forest, cultural models about forests and forest management. We hypothesized that peoples' perceptions would be influenced by their cultural models about forests and would thus vary amongst regions with different forest use histories and among different interest groups. The weightings of the environmental, economic and social components of sustainability as well as themes important for each of the interest groups were elicited using individual listing of SFM indicators and group work aimed at developing a consensus opinion on a common indicator list. In Southeastern Finland the views of the different groups were polarized along the environment-economy axis, whereas in Central Labrador all groups were environmentally oriented. The social dimension was low overall except among the Metis and the Innu in Labrador. Only environmental groups were similar in all three research regions, the largest differences between regions were found among the forestry professionals in their weightings concerning economy and nature. As the importance of commercial forestry increased, a greater importance of economic issues was expressed whereas the opposite trend was observed for issues regarding nature. Also inter-group differences grew as the importance of commercial forestry increased in the region. Forest management and forest use can be seen as factors strongly influencing peoples' cultural models on forests. 相似文献
490.
Yangjian Zhang Hong S. He William D. Dijak Jian Yang Stephen R. Shifley Brian J. Palik 《Environmental management》2009,44(2):312-323
To achieve the overall objective of restoring natural environment and sustainable resource usability, each forest management
practice effect needs to be predicted using a simulation model. Previous simulation efforts were typically confined to public
land. Comprehensive forest management practices entail incorporating interactions between public and private land. To make
inclusion of private land into management planning feasible at the regional scale, this study uses a new method of combining
Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data with remotely sensed forest group data to retrieve detailed species composition and
age information for the Missouri Ozark Highlands. Remote sensed forest group and land form data inferred from topography were
integrated to produce distinct combinations (ecotypes). Forest types and size classes were assigned to ecotypes based on their
proportions in the FIA data. Then tree species and tree age determined from FIA subplots stratified by forest type and size
class were assigned to pixels for the entire study area. The resulting species composition map can improve simulation model
performance in that it has spatially explicit and continuous information of dominant and associated species, and tree ages
that are unavailable from either satellite imagery or forest inventory data. In addition, the resulting species map revealed
that public land and private land in Ozark Highlands differ in species composition and stand size. Shortleaf pine is a co-dominant
species in public land, whereas it becomes a minor species in private land. Public forest is older than private forest. Both
public and private forests have deviated from historical forest condition in terms of species composition. Based on possible
reasons causing the deviation discussed in this study, corresponding management avenues that can assist in restoring natural
environment were recommended. 相似文献