规模化牲畜养殖场的环境效应及其对策

通过对江苏省2个典型地区的4个生猪养殖场的饲料、牲畜排泄物、土壤、地表水及水土水中养分状况的调查采样与分析，对牲畜规模养殖的环境效应进行了评价。在此基础上，对牲畜养殖排泄物的养分管理与资源化利用提出了建议，并通过对牲畜排泄物中养分状况及作物养分需求状况的分析统计，提出了种植－养殖区域养分平衡管理模式。     

断裂带公路边坡变形分析与边坡治理

断裂带工程边坡地质条件复杂,稳定性差,治理工程失效事例已日益引起人们关注,本文以滇中某高速公路在断裂带中的边坡为实例,分析了断裂带边坡变形的原因、治理措施和治理对策。     

河南淅川银、锑、钒多金属带特征及成因浅析

淅川银、锑、钒多金属矿带是通过1：5万水系沉积物测量、异常检查而后开展矿产评价工作而发现的，赋矿岩石为寒武系底部水沟口组的硅质岩和粘土岩。多金属带以银、锑、钒矿化为主，伴有金、铂钯、稀土等矿化，是在滨-浅海沉积环境中并经后期构造热液活动形成，区域上存在众多的相同相近地质地球化学背景，区域矿产有一定潜力。     

县域生态农业建设与持续发展途径探讨──以四川省绵竹县为例

县域是具有比较完整的社会经济结构与功能的基层单元,有较强的自找发展和自我调控能力,进行其生态农业建设研究具有较普遍的意义。本文以绵竹县为例,根据其区域资源生态特点,在三年调查和试验研究基础上提出了持续发展总体构想和不同生态经济小区持续发展的结构优化模式。     

Environmental effect of vegetation restoration on degraded ecosystem in low subtropical China

The environmental effect of degraded ecosystem‘ s vegetation restoration in low subtropical China was studied. Results indicated that the vegetation recovery on degraded lands slgnificantly ameliorates surrounding environment, increases species diversity, improves soil structure, raises soil fertility, enhances productivity, and promotes regional agricultural production and social economic development dramatically. Through the combining engineering and biological measures, the restoration of degraded ecosystem in low subtropical area is possible and economical. The restoration experience in Xiaoliang, Wnhua and other sites are valuable for other degraded subtropical area was introduced.     

潮滩沉积物-水界面营养盐N、P分布及交换特征

通过2月枯季和8月洪季样品的采集、室内分析和测试,对滨岸带潮滩沉积物孔隙水中营养盐含量的分布、迁移和扩散通量进行了初步研究。结果表明,NH_4~--N和N0_3~--N的平均含量8月洪季比2月枯季低,但是NO_2-N含量在8月份却达到最高,为0.04 mg/L;TP在季节分布上变化不大,8月洪季时含量较高。在空间分布上发现,排污口及大面积围垦对营养盐局部分布的影响较大。营养盐剖面分布总体趋势为NH_4~--N含量随深度增加而增加,NO_3~--N随深度增加而减少,但同时受到沉积速率和污水排放的影响。潮滩沉积物—水界面间无机氮磷的平均扩散通量分别为7.15、-0.53μg/(cm~2·d),因此沉积物是N的输入源,P的汇。同时还发现,污染物的排放能极大地改变该地区的N、P迁移量甚至迁移方向。     

我国海岸带土地、生物资源的开发利用

本文综述了我国海岸带资源开发利用的现状和今后发展形势,内容包括土壤和土地资源;各种生物资源的开发利用,如水产资源、芦苇、海岸防护林及红树林、大米草等。总的在海岸带土地及生物资源开发后,将大大促进我国经济社会和生态效益。     

Economic development and its impact on the environment in east coastal zone of China

This paper discusses briefly the elementary characteristics of the east China economic developing zone, and analyses the condition of urban atmospheric pollution, water pollution and ecological damage in this zone at present. It was brought forward that we must pay great attention to the environmental factors, and make the environmental impact assessment and environmental planning in the process of economic development in this zone.     

Axi-symmetric simulation of soil vapor extraction influenced by soil fracturing

Fracturing, either pneumatic or hydraulic, is a method to improve the performance of soil vapor extraction (SVE) in relatively low permeability soils (< 10(-5) cm/s). A two-dimensional model is presented to simulate trichloroethylene (TCE) soil vapor extraction modified by fracturing. Flow and transport is modeled using mobile macropore and micropore networks, which also have been identified in the literature as dual porosity, dual permeability, or heterogeneous flow models. In this model, fluids can flow in both the macropore and micropore networks. This represents a more general model compared to immobile micropore, mobile macropore models presented thus far in the literature for vapor flow and transport in two dimensions. The model considers pressure- and concentration-driven exchange between the macropore and micropore networks, concentration-driven exchange between the gas and sorbed phases within each network, and equilibrium exchange between the gas and water and a sorbed phase within each network. The parameters employed in an example simulation are based on field measurements made at a fractured site. Considered in the simulations were the influence of the volume percentage of fractures, the length of fractures, the relative location of the water table, and the influence of pulsed pumping. For these simulations, internetwork concentration-driven exchange most significantly affected mass removal. The volume percentage of fractures more significantly influence flow and mass removal than the length of fractures. The depth of the water table below the contamination plume only significantly influenced flow and mass removal when the water table was within 60 cm of the bottom of the contaminated soil in the vadose zone for the parameters considered in this study. Pulsed pumping was not found to increase the amount of mass removed in this study.     

我国新经济开发区水环境规划研究

本义分析了我国新经济开发区水环境规划的特点，提出了规划研究的内容、步骤和方法，给出了水环境承载力的概念和定量方法，并且确定规划方案中的水环境承载力，以此作为协调水环境保护与社会经济发展的理论依据。文中以本溪市经济开发区为例，在综合分析的基础上，制定出开发区水环境综合防治规划，并做了供选方案的费用－效益分析和可行性论证，最后，计算分析了各规划方案的水环境承载力的综合值。