陕北能源化工基地建立生态工业园模式选择及两种模式构建流程

生态工业园的建设主要有4种模式。通过比较各个模式的特点,针对陕北能源化工基地现状,提出基地建立生态工业园应选择改造重构与产业共生两种模式：绘制流程图,对两种模式的构建流程进行研究。     

我国能源结构-产业结构协调性演进规律研究

从我国目前实际发展现状来看,只有能源结构与产业结构协调发展、共同调整,才能实现经济增长和保障能源安全的目标。运用灰色系统理论的灰色关联分析方法建立能源结构一产业结构协调度定量评价模型,引入熵权法客观赋权,根据各个指标值的变异程度,引用信息熵所反映数据本身的效用值来计算指标的权重系数,有效地避免了由于人的主观因素而形成的权重分配偏差。研究表明从1990年至2007年之间,中国的能源结构一产业结构协调度值经历了增长——下降——再增长的波浪演进过程,目前的能源结构与产业结构并没有达到充分的良性互动作用。研究结论为中国能源结构一产业结构协调度评价的解析化、定量化提供了有力的手段和理论参考依据。     

从美、德、日3国铅工业的特点看我国发展循环经济的重要性

作为对人体有害的金属铅,其生产、消费和再生受到世界各国,特别是美国、德国和日本等发达国家的重视。从分析世界铅的生产和消费入手,指出含铅废料（主要是电池）回收及铅再生的重要性;着重介绍了美、德、日3国废铅酸蓄电池的回收、铅再生产业的现状和特点;通过分析与研究我国铅工业目前存在的问题,指出我国发展循环经济的重要意义,并对如何发展循环经济提出建议。     

实施《水污染防治行动计划》推动水环境产业发展——对《水污染防治行动计划》的解读

落实《水污染防治行动计划》将大力推动我国水环境产业发展,据环保部测算《水污染防治行动计划》将拉动环保产业新增产值1.9万亿,其中直接购买环保产业产品和服务将不少于1.4万亿元。研究表明,水污染防治行动计划明确水环境质量改善的阶段性目标,对重点流域、工业行业、规模化畜禽养殖、工业集聚区、城镇生活污水治理等领域的发展需求巨大,并促进我国水污染治理领域政府和社会资本合作(PPP)、政府购买环保公共服务、重点区域环境污染第三方治理等模式创新发展。文章在分析水污染防治行动计划对环保产业发展带来机遇的基础上,重点分析了水环境产业发展的重点领域,提出了健全投资方式与回报机制、鼓励丰富融资工具、拓宽融资渠道、注重技术研发引进与成果转化等水环境产业发展对策措施。     

Recent advances in activity inhibition,recovery and enhancement,and application of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation process北大核心CSCD

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) is a biological process that has the advantages of saving energy and being highly efficient. However, there are some problems with it such as slow proliferation and activity inhibition of Anammox bacteria in practical applications. First, we introduce the inhibitory effects of Anammox by substrate and non-substrate materials, including nitrite, organic and inorganic substances, and others, and elaborated on activity recovery approaches such as controlling the operation parameters and adding sludge. The effects of the addition of inorganic carbon, Anammox intermediates, Fe, and conductive materials on Anammox are then reviewed in detail, and three Anammox metabolic pathways are summarized. Finally, we discuss the problems (including NOB inhibition and low temperature) and countermeasures when Anammox is applied for wastewater treatment as a mainstream technology, and we summarized the measures of NOB washout by free ammonia and free nitrite solutions and methods to cope with low temperatures, including selecting suitable reactor types and culture methods. Meanwhile, we analyzed the interactions among the intermediates and the synergy between Anammox and denitrification and suggest the potential of applying Anammox for flue gas denitrification and anaerobic aromatic hydrocarbon biodegradation. Further studies are suggested regarding multifactor composite inhibition, Anammox physiological characteristics, and intermediate metabolic mechanisms as well as regarding methods for avoiding adverse factors in mainstream wastewater treatment. © 2018 Science Press. All rights reserved.     

浅析被动式FTIR走航监测技术在废气监测中的应用

与传统的监测技术相比,走航监测技术具有监测范围大、响应快速、机动性强的特点,在工业园区及企业废气排放的监测监控、溯源定位方面应用较为广泛。被动式傅里叶红外(FTIR)走航监测技术可以动态、立体、实时地扫描周围一定空域气体中的污染物质。采用被动式FTIR走航监测车,对不同的工业园区企业进行监测,结果表明,被动式FTIR走航监测可对实时发现的超标或异常有毒有害、易燃易爆、异味因子排放装置进行及时的定位和溯源,为环保部门和企业对污染物进行进一步精细化管控提供了有力的科学依据。     

Economic and social effects analysis of mineral development in China and policy implications

Mineral development has contributed greatly to China's economic and social development. Many challenges remain, however, including environmental pollution and resource waste in practice, as well as a dearth of systematic theoretical research. The goal of this study is to analyze the economic and social effects of various mineral developments in China from diversified perspectives, so as to provide the basis for the formulation of China's mineral development policy. The input–output effects, industrial linkage effects and income distribution effects of different mining industries are quantitatively analyzed by adopting basic hypotheses of input–output economics, industrial linkage model and income distribution antitheses based on the latest available official data from China Statistical Yearbook from 2004 to 2010 and the 2007 Input–Output Table of China. The empirical results obtained in this study indicate that all mineral development industries, especially coal mining and washing, and petroleum and natural gas extraction industries, have given a strong impetus to the increase of China's fixed asset investment and GDP. Moreover, they have provided a large number of jobs, thereby alleviating ongoing employment pressure, and they have also played a positive role in promoting China's technology investment. The analysis of industrial linkages demonstrates that mining industries are basic to the national economy and produce a significant impetus to its downstream industries, but create weak pull effects in terms of national economic development. From the perspective of income distribution, mining industries play an important role in increasing China's fiscal revenue and per capital income. Hence, China's mineral development policy should (1) encourage additional investment in technology for exploration and development to insure sufficient supply and expand the input effects; (2) attract additional talent to work in remote regions; (3) optimize the industrial structure and promote the industrial transformation in resource regions; (4) adjust the interest distribution between the central and local governments to enable the local regions to become more self-sufficient; and (5) enhance the legal environment so that companies can more readily undertake their social responsibilities voluntarily.     

长江水质的区域差异与产业发展的关系

长江水质状况受到河流自然属性和流经区域产业特点的综合影响，区域差异十分明显；长江入江污水量的时空分布与沿江各省市产业发展水平及年际变化有密切关系；长江流域经济发展应与保护水质相协调，为控制污染，必须实施一整套相关对策。     

我国《劳动保护产业》的市场需求趋势分析

首次对国内一些企业进行《劳动保护产业》市场需求趋势的调查分析,并参考了国外有关信息,得出了“个人防护用品”是占据该市场最大份额项目的结论。还提出了如以“个人防护用品”为龙头发展劳动保护产业时,需要注意的几个问题。     

土壤监测中环境和农业行业标准分析方法的等效性评价

为评估土壤监测过程中环境和农业行业不同标准分析方法得到监测数据的可统筹性,运用多种统计方式,对土壤pH值、有机质、阳离子交换量、铜、锌、铅、镍、镉、铬、汞和砷共11个监测指标所采用的标准分析方法的等效性进行分析。技术规范比对结果显示：环境和农业行业,在土壤样品的采集、保存和制备过程所采用的技术规范,对分析结果的影响不大。方法性能指标结果显示：2类标准分析方法的精密度没有显著性差异。显著性检验结果显示：除pH值和汞外,其他9个指标均有显著性差异。等效性评价（等效边界为±20%）结果显示：测定pH值、有机质、阳离子交换量、铜、锌、镍、汞和砷8个指标的2类标准分析方法是等效的,所得监测数据可以共享。方法性能评价和显著性检验无法定量给出方法间差异的范围,而双单侧检验则弥补了这种不足,还避免了因样本量不足或精密度过高而引起的显著性误判,因此可根据该研究的评价结果对环境和农业行业土壤环境质量监测网络进行整合管理,有助于更加全面地掌握农用地土壤环境的污染现状。