Full scale amendment of a contaminated wood impregnation site with iron water treatment residues

Iron water treatment residues are a free by-product with high concentration of iron oxides Iron water treatment residues has a large potential for arsenic sorption Soils are highly contaminated by arsenic at wood preservation sites Iron water treatment residues were added to hot spots contaminated with arsenic The addition led to significant decrease in leaching of arsenic from the contaminated soil Iron water treatment residues (Fe-WTR) are a free by-product of the treatment of drinking water with high concentration of iron oxides and potential for arsenic sorption. This paper aims at applying Fe-WTR to a contaminated site, measuring the reduction in contaminant leaching, and discussing the design of delivery and mixing strategy for soil stabilization at field scale and present a cost-effective method of soil mixing by common contractor machinery. Soil contaminated by As, Cr, and Cu at an abandoned wood impregnation site was amended with 0.22% (dw) Fe-WTR. To evaluate the full scale amendment a 100 m² test site and a control site (without amendment) were monitored for 14 months. Also soil analysis of Fe to evaluate the degree of soil and Fe-WTR mixing was done. Stabilization with Fe-WTR had a significant effect on leachable contaminants, reducing pore water As by 93%, Cu by 91% and Cr by 95% in the upper samplers. Dosage and mixing of Fe-WTR in the soil proved to be difficult in the deeper part of the field, and pore water concentrations of arsenic was generally higher. Despite water logged conditions no increase in dissolved iron or arsenic was observed in the amended soil. Our field scale amendment of contaminated soil was overall successful in decreasing leaching of As, Cr and Cu. With minor improvements in the mixing and delivery strategy, this stabilization method is suggested for use in cases, where leaching of Cu, Cr and As constitutes a risk for groundwater and freshwater.     

Biological mine drainage treatment

Drainage from sulphur mines contains a high concentration of ferrous iron and it is strongly acidic. The mechanism of acid mine drainage formation was briefly explained. As a case study, successful measures taken at the abandoned Matsuo mine, Iwate Prefecture, Japan, for preventing the pollution in receiving rivers was presented in this paper. The measures consisted of the construction works against pollution sources and the construction of a drainage treatment plant in which Thiobacillus ferrooxidans oxidizes ferrous iron under a low pH condition, and produced ferric iron is removed by sedimentation. Then, a laboratory-scale fluidized bed reactor using anion exchange resin as attaching material for the bacteria was examined in order to improve the efficiency of biological oxidation of ferrous iron. More than 90% of oxidation had been maintained for 2 months at 1 h of HRT, which suggests that the size of the oxidation tank could be reduced.     

井下铁矿通风防尘技术措施效果的卫生学评价

对18家大中型井下铁矿通风防尘技术措施效果进行了卫生学评价。其结果表明:采取通风防尘技术措施,井下铁矿作业环境得到显著改善,五十年代与八十年代相比,粉尘浓度由31.4mg/m~3降到3.4mg/m~3;粉尘合格率由19.6％上升至57.9％。在作业环境逐步改善的同时,粉尘危害也不断减轻,五十年代与八十年代相比,接尘工人矽肺发病工龄由10.67年延长至23.42年;矽肺患者死亡年龄由50.35岁延长至60.25岁。综合防尘前后矽肺累积发病率分别为11.23％与1.65％,二者差异显著。     

Magnetic particle technology in environmental remediation and wildlife rehabilitation

The use of magnetic particles in environmental remediation and wildlife rehabilitation is currently under investigation at Victoria University, in collaboration with the Phillip Island Research Centre, Victoria, Australia. Iron powder has been shown to be very effective for the magnetic cleansing of feathers and plumage and is almost ideal for this purpose, being non-toxic, a non-irritant and recyclable. Detailed investigations have demonstrated that by varying particle size, particle structure and surface texture, the efficacy of oil removal from feathers and plumage can be successfully manipulated. In this regard, it is possible to identify a grade of iron powder whereby, within experimental error, effectively 100% removal of a variety of fresh contaminants from different matrices, including feathers, can be achieved. Our investigations have been extended to the application of such particles to the successful removal of tarry and weathered/tarry contamination. The results of these investigations have indicated that, for such contaminants, removals ranging from 97–99% may be achieved. Magnetic particle technology may also be adapted for the screening of pre-conditioning agents that can further assist in the removal of tarry and weathered/tarry contamination from feathers. These investigations suggest that magnetic particles could have an important role to play in environmental remediation and wildlife rehabilitation as a clean and effective technology.     

铁细菌在水处理方面的应用及影响其生长的因素

随着人们对铁细菌认识的突破，其应用也发生了巨大的变化。本文主要介绍了铁细菌在水处理方面的两个主要应用方向——酸性矿山废水的处理和城市用水的处理。同时综述了影响铁细菌生长的几个主要因素。     

周集铁矿水包油型乳状钻井液破乳问题研究

钻井液的配方和特性对钻井液体系的稳定性与钻进能否顺利完成有着直接的关系。针对周集铁矿ZK1725井钻井液体系的破乳问题进行了试验研究。将OP-10、吐温-80、司盘-80分别加入皂化油中制成乳状钻井液,并测试其稳定性,结果发现含有OP-10、吐温-80的乳状液有防破乳的功效,同时测定这两个样品的润滑性,发现加入OP-10或吐温-80会使水包油型乳状钻井液的润滑性下降;后续试验中测试了加入皂化油和OP-10的某水基泥浆的性能,结果发现加入这两种药品使得该体系的黏度提高较少,而润滑性提高了67%,可见OP-10对于钻井液性能的影响微乎其微。     

地下水中铁进入地表水后的氧化过程分析

主要研究了地下水中的二价铁进入地表水中后的短时间内的迁移氧化过程,对湖库水质的影响,并对长期的铁的转化也进行了研究,并有针对性的提出了相应的对策,以减少对环境的影响。     

矿区地下水监测与预警系统研究——以福建省龙岩市马坑铁矿为例

矿山安全管理部门普遍开展对矿山变形和有害气体的监测,但对地下水监测系统的建设处于起步阶段.福建省龙岩市马坑铁矿率先建立了完善的矿区地下水监测与预警系统,但由于监测数据量大、共享性差,导致管理者无法方便、快捷地选取和使用数据.本文运用计算机技术实现了马坑铁矿地下水监测数据的共享,完善了监测数据的提取和分析功能,并实现了地...     

蒙库铁矿高陡边坡稳定性影响因素分析与安全控制措施

本文以新疆蒙库铁矿矿山高陡边坡为研究对象,对边坡稳定性的影响因素(岩性、结构面、几何特性、软弱夹层、爆破振动与冻融循环作用)进行了分析,在此基础上针对蒙库铁矿边坡工程实际提出了该高陡边坡的安全控制措施,并强调指出安全控制措施的制定应以“预防性安全控制措施为主,必要的工程加固为辅”为原则,其中预防性安全控制措施主要包括边...     

铁屑内电解法处理EDTA溶液中络合铜离子

采用批式试验和现代仪器分析研究了铁屑内电解法处理EDTA溶液中络合铜离子,考察了溶液浓度、溶液pH、温度和铁屑粒径等因素对铜离子去除过程的影响.结果表明,铜离子去除过程符合表观一级动力学方程.在pH 2.0～11.0范围内,pH值越低越利于铜离子去除;在酸性条件下溶液pH随内电解进行升高,在碱性条件下溶液pH随内电解进...