旅游地旅游者忠诚度机制模型及实证研究——以黄山风景区为例

旅游地忠诚的旅游者是其发展的重要资源,旅游者忠诚度机制研究有利于更全面地认识旅游者忠诚现象,帮助旅游地管理者制定有效的旅游者忠诚培育的战略。在文献回顾的基础上,尝试从交易过程、关系过程相结合的视角分析影响旅游地忠诚的要素,并尝试构建旅游地旅游者忠诚度机制的理论模型。通过问卷调查获得旅游者感知价值、满意度、信任和忠诚度数据,采用结构方程模型方法,以黄山风景区为案例地进行实证分析,检验模型拟合度及各变量对旅游者忠诚度的影响。结果显示,在影响旅游者忠诚度的各因素中,满意度对旅游者忠诚度的影响最大,路径系数是0.41;信任是影响旅游者忠诚度的另一重要因素,路径系数是0.21。     

高校亲环境行为的影响因素研究?——基于大学生垃圾分类意愿视角

大学生作为社会经济发展的新兴力量,其垃圾分类等亲环境行为对提升整个社会的环境治理成效起到重要作用。本文基于计划行为理论与“知—信—行”模式,构建大学生垃圾分类意愿机理模型,对南京市在校大学生的垃圾分类意愿进行问卷调查,运用结构方程模型探究影响大学生垃圾分类意愿的关键因素,通过差异性检验探讨不同类型高校在关键因素上的差异,并通过多群组分析探讨性别、设施与服务体系在意愿影响上的差异性。研究结果表明：①环境认知会通过行为态度、知觉行为控制形成一个传导机制间接影响大学生垃圾分类意愿;②行为态度、知觉行为控制显著影响大学生垃圾分类意愿,而主观规范无显著影响;③调研高校学生的垃圾分类意愿水平存在异质性,表现为高职院校＞一般院校＞重点高校;④性别差异显著影响垃圾分类意愿,女生更容易受到主观规范的影响,而男生更容易受到知觉行为控制的影响;⑤设施与服务体系先进或落后,对垃圾分类意愿的影响无显著差异。据此,本文提出提升大学生群体垃圾分类意愿的对策建议,以期为培育大学生群体的亲环境行为及推进高校生活垃圾的分类治理提供决策参考。     

Organizational adoption of sustainable manufacturing practices in India: integrating institutional theory and corporate environmental responsibility

Organizations are increasingly engaging in socially and environmentally sustainable initiatives. This paper focuses on the institutional isomorphism mechanisms to analyse the organizational adoption of sustainable manufacturing practices like eco-design, source reduction, and environmental management practices. This paper empirically examines the role of institutional influence in the organizational adoption of sustainable manufacturing practices among firms in India. The results of this study confirm the significance of the three institutional isomorphism mechanisms in influencing sustainable responses, but not all mechanisms influence the organizational response equally. In particular, the results show a strong influence of self-regulatory normative isomorphism on the implementation.     

重金属对2-氯酚厌氧降解的抑制动力学研究

考察了Cu2+、Cd2+、Ni2+、Fe2+4种重金属离子对2-氯酚(2-CP)厌氧降解速率的影响,并通过描述金属离子抑制作用的修正方程对实验进行拟合,研究了其动力学特征.结果表明,在0~500mg/L投加浓度范围内,Fe2+对2-CP的厌氧降解过程基本不抑制,Ni2+、Cu2+、Cd2+则存在明显抑制,抑制程度Cu2+﹥Ni2+﹥Cd2+.相同的抑制强度下,抑制浓度CIP-Cu﹤CIP-Ni﹤CIP-Cd.修正方程能较好地表征金属离子的抑制作用与该离子对降解速率的最大抑制浓度(I*)以及投加浓度之间的定量关系.由该方程拟合结果可得到Cu2+、Cd2+、Ni2+对25mg/L 2-CP降解的I*值分别为458.7,1693.5,1528.5mg/L,I*及指数m值的大小表明金属离子对2-CP厌氧降解的抑制Cu2+﹥Ni2+﹥Cd2+.     

Structural equation-based latent growth curve modeling of watershed attribute-regulated stream sensitivity to reduced acidic deposition

Little information is available about the effects of watershed attributes on long-term stream chemical responses to reduced acidic deposition. Long-term chemical data (1980-2006) for 21 stream sites from the Appalachian Mountain region and data of 8 watershed attributes of the corresponding watersheds were analyzed to study such effects. Latent growth curve modeling (LGM), a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach, was conducted to quantify stream sensitivity to reduced acidic deposition in the region, and to model the initial chemical conditions (intercepts) and changing rates (slopes) in three time periods: 1980s, 1990s, and 2000s. The modeled chemical trends were generally consistent with those trends which were detected by trend analyses in a previous study. Watershed attributes including area, mean elevation, percentage of developed land, percentage of grassland, percentages of shale and sandstone, percentage of barren land, and percentage of soil type Gilpin-Upshur-Vandalia (GUV) were found to affect stream sensitivity to the reduced acidic deposition with their importance in the respective order. The stream sensitivity in turn regulated streams’ chemical initial conditions and their changing rates in the studied watersheds. This innovative application of LGM for modeling long-term chemical trends advanced our understanding of the role of watershed attributes in regulating streams’ responses to reduced acidic deposition. This approach can be applied for evaluating streams’ responses to acidic deposition in other regions and, more broadly, for studying causal effects on long-term behaviors in other ecological and environmental science subjects.     

西藏色季拉山川滇高山栎种群的空间格局与调节

川滇高山栎是青藏高原具有代表性的常绿阔叶树种,在藏东南林区大面积连续分布,对高山峡谷地带的水土保持和水源涵养具有重要的防护作用和较大的生态效益.采用聚集度指标、以空间推时间法的Logistic方程和种群调节的乘幂函数拟合分别对西藏色季拉山川滇高山栎种群的空间分布格局、增长与调节规律进行了研究.结果表明,川滇高山栎幼苗多呈聚集分布,随着演替的进展,川滇高山栎种群的聚集强度减小;川滇高山栎种群增长的环境容纳量为15.2085m2hm-2,内禀增长率为0.614;种群最大增长速率出现在胸断面积9.66m2hm-2处,种群在平均胸断面积46.23cm2(均胸径7cm)~198.723cm2(均胸径15.91cm)阶段自疏强度最大.川滇高山栎种群聚集强度随演替过程逐渐减弱,是种群在有限的环境容量中自疏和自我调节特征的明显表现.Logistic方程即反映了生物种群增长速度的变化和环境容量限制的时滞效应这一重要特征,种群调节的幂函数拟合则有效刻画了生物种群在大量繁殖之后,随着个体增大,个体间资源竞争增强,种群内部出现优胜劣汰的自我调节过程.图4表2参32     

汉江流域水土流失特点及防治对策

汉江流域水土流失长期以来基本上没有得到有效控制，目前已成为区域经济建设和开发中的重大障碍之一。详细地阐述和分析了流域内水土流失发生规律和特点，指出了其潜在危险。随着治理的进一步深入、水土流失治理难度也在明显加大。介绍了若干项切实可行的防治措施。     

Identifying Determinants of Nations' Wetland Management Programs Using Structural Equation Modeling: An Exploratory Analysis

Integrated management and policy models suggest that solutions to environmental issues may be linked to the socioeconomic and political characteristics of a nation. In this study, we empirically explore these suggestions by applying them to the wetland management activities of nations. Structural equation modeling was used to evaluate a model of national wetland management effort and one of national wetland protection. Using five predictor variables of social capital, economic capital, environmental and political characteristics, and land-use pressure, the multivariate models were able to explain 60% of the variation in nations' wetland protection efforts based on data from 90 nations, as defined by level of participation in the international wetland convention. Social capital had the largest direct effect on wetland protection efforts, suggesting that increased social development may eventually lead to better wetland protection. In contrast, increasing economic development had a negative linear relationship with wetland protection efforts, suggesting the need for explicit wetland protection programs as nations continue to focus on economic development. Government, environmental characteristics, and land-use pressure also had a positive direct effect on wetland protection, and mediated the effect of social capital on wetland protection. Explicit wetland protection policies, combined with a focus on social development, would lead to better wetland protection at the national level.     

城市污泥的高温好氧消化及动力学参数分析

高温好氧消化工艺是稳定化处理污泥的新工艺。文章分别研究了不同污泥类型(初沉泥、二沉泥)分别在高温(45℃、58℃)条件下的稳定化效果及动力学参数。结果表明,在45℃条件下,二沉泥在10d内达到稳定,而初沉泥需要15d;反应温度从45℃提高到58℃有利于二沉泥降解,而不利于初沉泥降解;VSS的动力学拟合曲线相关性好于TSS的拟合曲线。对于不同的污泥类型,二沉泥的拟合曲线相关性高于初沉泥;在相同停留时间条件下,初沉泥的衰减常数kd值随温度的增加而增加;在相同温度条件下,二沉泥kd值不随停留时间的延长而增加,在58℃时二沉泥的kd值还有所下降。说明二沉泥能立即被用作碳源,而初沉泥则不能。