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291.
我国自 1992年实施推行清洁生产以来 ,在试点示范、宣传培训、机构建设、国际合作及政策研究等方面取得了较大的进展。但要在全国范围内持续有效地推行清洁生产 ,尚存在不少障碍与问题 ,急需研究与探讨。本文仅以辽宁的情况为例 ,作一简要分析。 相似文献
292.
The Euroconference on Coastal Management Research held in San-Feliu de Guixols, Spain, in December 1997 brought together scientists
from a great variety of disciplines in the natural and social sciences, in a search for modes of transdisciplinary cooperation
in the context of integrated coastal management. During the conference the participants discussed which interactions among
disciplines are required for different coastal issues. Discussion groups each focused on a particular type of coastal environment,
characterized by a particular type and degree of development. The group discussions were inspired by background papers which
were prepared for this purpose by invited speakers. A selection of these background papers were redrafted on the basis of
the conference outcome, and are published in this issue of theJournal of Coastal Conservation. The reports of the discussion groups are published in a conference proceedings booklet issued by EMAPS (1998), the European
Polar and Marine Sciences Secretariat. A synthesis of ideas on the challenge of transdisciplinarity, expressed during the
discussion group sessions, is presented in this introduction. The statements reflect opinions or suggestions which received
broad support from the participants; they should not be taken as proven knowledge. 相似文献
293.
An inventory of the vascular plants, bryophytes, fungi and terricolous lichens recorded within the different sand-dune communities
in Wales has been compiled and a summary of the importance of these different taxonomic groups to the ecology and conservation
of sand dunes is provided. The total floristic assemblage amounted to 945 species, with vascular plants representing 439 of
these. Fungi unexpectedly formed the next most important group with ca. 289 species, followed by bryophytes (171 species)
and terricolous lichens (66 species). However, very few of these species are confined to sand dunes. Of the vascular plants
only ca. 7 % (32 species) could be classed as either wholly dependent or strongly associated with sand dunes, whereas up to
13% (22 species) of the bryophytes fell within this category. Of the fungi only 4% (10 species) appear to be restricted to
sand dunes, but none of the lichen species could be classed as being either limited to, or strongly associated with, this
habitat.
Over 9% (91 species) of the total flora are considered to be rare, scarce or endangered within the UK or Europe, and ca. 8%
of the vascular plant species are considered to be endemic or near-endemic to Europe. The inventory therefore not only provides
an insight in the overall plant diversity of dune systems in Wales, it also gives an indication of the proportion of species
that are under threat, and the numbers of species that are more-or-less totally dependent on sand dunes. In the discussion
various relevant sand-dune management issues are addressed. 相似文献
294.
一种现代化的安全管理方法──安全管理信息系统 总被引:13,自引:5,他引:8
安全管理信息系统是现代化安全管理中,安全信息综合处理的枢纽,是安全信息管理、安全决策的关键。通过建立以安技部门为信息处理中心、各危险岗位和各专业部门为终端的安全管理信息系统网络,从而由安全信息反馈来推进对隐患的不断检查、整改和监控,形成闭环管理,力求把安全管理从传统的事后追踪变为事前的预防控制,使安全管理工作逐步走向科学化、系统化和规范化,对提高目前安全管理水平具有实际意义。 相似文献
295.
Robert L. McLaughlin Moira M. Ferguson David L. G. Noakes 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》1999,45(5):386-395
Some recently emerged brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) inhabiting still-water pools along the sides of streams are sedentary and eat crustaceans from the lower portion of the
water column. Others are more active and eat insects from the upper portion of the water column. We provide evidence that
this divergent foraging behavior reflects short-term divergent selection brought about by intraspecific competition in the
presence of alternative food sources. Rates of encounters and interactions between individuals were density dependent, and
encounter and interaction events were closely timed with prey capture attempts. In addition, aggressive fish made more foraging
attempts per minute than nonaggressive fish. Aggressive fish were also either inactive or very active, while nonaggressive
fish exhibited intermediate levels of activity. Growth rate potential, an important component of fitness during the early
life stages of brook charr, was assessed using tissue concentrations of RNA and found to be highest for sedentary fish and
for active fish making frequent foraging attempts, and lower for fish exhibiting intermediate levels of activity. Our findings
support contentions that individual behavior plays an important role during initial steps in the evolution of resource polymorphisms.
Received: 27 July 1998 / Accepted after revision: 16 November 1998 相似文献
296.
297.
Eric D. Stein Richard F Ambrose 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2001,37(6):1597-1614
ABSTRACT: Analyses of cumulative impacts to riparian systems is an important yet elusive goal. Previous analyses have focused on comparing the number of hectares impacted to the number of hectares restored, without addressing the loss of riparian function or the effect of the spatial distribution of impacts. This paper presents an analysis of the spatial distribution of development‐related impacts to riparian ecosystems, that were authorized under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act. Impacts on habitat structure, contiguity, and landscape context were evaluated using functional indices scaled to regional reference sites. Impact sites were mapped using GIS and analyzed for spatial associations. Positive spatial autocorrelation (i.e. clustering of impact sites) resulted from the piecemeal approach to impact assessment, which failed to prevent cumulative impacts. Numerous small projects in close proximity have resulted in adverse impacts to entire stream reaches or have fragmented the aquatic resources to a point where overall functional capacity is impaired. Additionally, the ecological functions of unaffected areas have been diminished due to their proximity to degraded areas. A proactive approach to managing cumulative impacts is currently being used in Orange County, California as part of a Corps of Engineers sponsored Special Area Management Plan (SAMP). The SAMP process is evaluating the ecological conditions and physical processes of the study watersheds and attempting to plan future development in a manner that will guard against cumulative impacts. 相似文献
298.
环境监测现代化建设体系中的实验室管理 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
阐述了重点实验室建设的主要目标,以及重点实验室的主要研究内容和发展方向,提出对重点实验室实行开放运行的管理机制,规范管理制度,争取重大科研项目,注重人才培养,加强国际合作与交流,加强质量控制和质量管理,坚持持续改进。 相似文献
299.
采用问卷调查的方法,试图真实反映艾比湖周边居民对艾比湖湿地生态系统退化的认知及对艾比湖湿地生态系统健康保护意识的强弱.结果表明:(1)艾比湖周边居民对湿地生态系统退化带来的危害有较为清晰地认识,99%被调查者意识到了艾比湖湿地生态系统退化对周边环境会带来不同程度的危害,78.2%调查对象认为艾比湖湿地生态系统的退化主要是由人类活动引发的,通过正规渠道获取艾比湖湿地生态系统退化信息不够通畅;(2)调查对象对艾比湖湿地生态系统退化情况持有较高的关注度,但支持度不高,85.6%的被调查者对退化湿地的生态恢复有支付意愿;(3)65.5%调查对象对艾比湖湿地生态恢复有信心,但对当地政府宣传和保护艾比湖湿地的力度满意度不高,因此政府部门还需进一步加强对艾比湖的宣传和保护力度. 相似文献
300.
Lijie Zhou Hongwu Wang Zhiqiang Zhang Jian Zhang Hongbin Chen Xuejun Bi Xiaohu Dai Siqing Xia Lisa Alvarez-Cohen Bruce E. Rittmann 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2021,15(1):16