高层RC框架结构基于成本-效益准则的优化设计研究(Ⅱ)——应用

根据作者先前提出的优化模型及基于成本-效益准则的优化设计流程,以多目标遗传算法为搜索引擎,运用MATLAB语言开发了高层RC框架结构基于成本-效益准则的自动优化程序。研究结果表明,程序所产生的设计方案具有多样性、可选择性、业主主动参与性及可依靠经验等特点。     

Analysis of landscape pattern: towards a ‘top down’ indicator for evaluation of landuse

Landscapes as highly complex systems are subject to many different assessment procedures despite the fact that their development is not really predictable. Every synthetic model of landscape functioning will probably fail in demonstrating the landscape behaviour due to the decreasing precision and relevance of its output with increasing complexity. Two approaches are presented here which use deductive methods to describe landscape behaviour as indicated by its spatial structure. The one is a correlative concept which is characterized by all the advantages and disadvantages of statistical regression methods. It is strongly dependent on data quality. In the second study an expert knowledge system is developed. Fuzzy set theory is applied to transfer rules of landscape ecological experience to image parameters derived from satellite data. Both approaches are compared regarding the problems faced in the work during implication. Theoretical restrictions and the applicability in landscape assessment is discussed.     

Personal need for structure as a boundary condition for humor in leadership

Recent research has established a positive relationship between humor in leadership and organizational behavior variables. However, neither the mechanisms nor the boundary conditions of the positive effects of humor in leadership are completely understood. In this study, we contribute to these questions by investigating the relationship between humor in leadership and follower commitment and burnout in more detail. We propose that these relationships unfold via a relational process and specified this relational process in terms of leader–member exchange. Moreover, we assume that these relationships depend on followers' personal need for structure. We tested the hypothesized moderated‐mediation model in a two‐wave survey study with 142 employees. Our results support the proposed model. We found the predicted indirect effect of humor on commitment and disengagement to be stronger for followers low in need for structure. However, we did not find the proposed effects for emotional exhaustion. We discuss implications for leadership theory, humor theory, and for leadership training and practice. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Challenge of China's Population and Environment and Its Countermeasures

Abstract

The overgrowth of population and deterioration of environment are two serious problems of China. They pose a strong challenge to China's economic and social development. This article discusses the challenge and proposes some countermeasures for China to cope with these problems.     

随机地震激励下相邻隔震结构被动控制研究

利用隔震结构和非隔震结构间的相互作用来减小地震作用下的结构响应,考虑地震激励的随机性,基于Clough-Penzien谱模型,推导了相邻结构随机响应的拓展状态方程,采用两种优化控制目标,分析得到了相邻隔震结构体系间连接控制装置的控制参数与结构随机响应的关系及其对控制效果的影响,并分别从地震响应时程和振动累计能量时程角度研究了相应地多自由度相邻隔震结构复合被动控制体系,在不同优化准则及不同控制方案下,结构体系的减震控制效果。研究结果表明,相邻隔震结构复合被动控制体系,可以获得较好的减震控制效果,阻尼系数在减震控制中起主要作用,但存在最优取值,并不是越大越好;采用以左、右子结构振动总能量最小为优化准则,在顶层+中间层安装控制装置的控制方案,可以有效地减小相邻结构的地震响应,得到的控制效果较好。     

天津大港发电厂附近海域浮游植物群落结构及与环境因子的相关性

为了解电厂温排水和人海河流对浮游植物群落结构的影响,于2010年对大港电厂附近海域浮游植物和环境因子开展了冬、夏2个航次的调查,探讨了浮游植物群落结构时空分布特征及与环境因子的关系.结果表明,调查区共鉴定出浮游植物4门31属46种,其中硅藻在物种组成和细胞密度上均具有绝对优势.调查区浮游植物种群结构简单,组成相对稳定,细胞密度全年平均为729×107个/m3,高于渤海其他海域,且冬季数量高于夏季.受温排水和人海河流影响,浮游植物平面分布具有明显的空间效应和季节变化特征,呈近岸区高于远岸区的分布趋势.近岸站位TJHS1101和TJHS1117分别受人海营养盐和温排水的影响,夏、冬季呈现不同的分布特征.研究表明,浮游植物在夏季的限制性生长因子是可溶性无机氮,冬季是PO43--P;水温、NO2--N和NH4+-N是影响浮游植物空间分布的主要环境因子;盐度、pH值和DO.对浮游植物的影响表现出季节性差异.     

安全人性学的方法论研究

为正确利用和改善安全人性及有效开展安全教育,有必要开展宏观层面的安全人性方法论研究。首先,给出安全人性学方法论的定义及研究内容。基于人性学方法论和安全科学方法论等,构建包括时间维、数量维、专业文化维、环境维、技术维和理论维的安全人性学方法论的多维结构体系。其次,从学科特性出发,描述了安全人性学的研究方法,确立了安全人性学研究的一般步骤;并在此基础上,建立安全人性学研究的范式体系。研究表明,安全人性学方法论是在安全人性学原理以及相关理论的指导下所形成的系统化和程式化思想,对安全人性学的研究有理论指导作用。     

振动台漏磁屏蔽应用研究

根据电动振动台的工作原理,详细分析电动振动台磁路结构及漏磁场的来源,通过进行测量分析,并提出一种有效的漏磁场屏蔽措施。     

导弹环境适应性数据库开发构想

根据导弹设计师急需获取环境适应性信息指导相关工作的开展,但由于种种原因无从获取,通过构想,从现状、开发目标、可行性分析、需求分析、信息构成、组织及信息共享方式等角度对数据库开发所涉及的要素进行了分析,为导弹装备环境适应性数据库开发工作明确了思路,奠定了基础。     

行波管性能测试用试验箱的结构特点及其设计

介绍了一种专门用于行波管性能测试的试验箱的设计过程。在对试验箱结构特点进行分析的基础上,通过结构设计、制冷系统设计和控制系统设计,尤其在风道结构布局方面的创新设计,成功研制了该型试验箱,并在生产过程中得到了实际应用。