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11.
印制电路板海洋环境试验与实验室环境试验相关性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的研究机载电子设备印制电路板西沙海洋大气环境与实验室环境试验的相关性。方法在西沙海域环境下开展两种印制电路板的棚下暴露试验,暴晒试验时间为3年,同时在实验室开展盐雾试验,分别通过测试绝缘电阻、品质因数研究两种试验环境的相关性。结果将以绝缘电阻、品质因数为基准相关性评价结果进行平均,得出印制电路板实验室加速试验和自然暴露试验存在着强相关。两种样品的加速系数分别是3.5,5.15。结论建立了印制电路板在西沙海洋环境试验和实验室盐雾环境试验的相关性,可为后续西沙环境试验的加速处理提供依据。 相似文献
12.
Ulla Haverinen Mikko Vahteristo Juha Pekkanen Tuula Husman Aino Nevalainen Demetrios Moschandreas 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2003,8(4):303-309
An empirical moisture damage index was developed in order to reduce the subjectivity of the estimation of moisture damage in domestic residences, in relation to occupant health. The database was generated using information gathered from a sample of 164 houses that were examined by civil engineers, and questionnaire data collected from the occupants. The index was formulated to associate with the occupant reported respiratory symptoms by calculating weighted estimates of selected moisture damage attributes using 80% of the sample. The remaining 20% of the sample was used to verify the final index. The index associated strongly with the health symptoms of interest. This index is a tool that may be used as an indicator of moisture damage induced exposure in domestic residences. 相似文献
13.
Wojciech Mniszek 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2001,68(2):197-207
The aim of the study was to develop a sampling method aimed at individual sampling of mercury vapor and subsequent individualexposure assessment of the worker. Hopcalite available fromInowrocawskie Zakady Chemiczne (in Poland) was founduseful for mercury vapor sampling in active and passive individual samplers. However the sampling rate determined forpassive sampler in steady-state laboratory chamber cannot be usedunder fluctuating conditions of mercury vapor concentration andair movement typical for field measurement. In order to check comparativeness of passive and active sampling methods, sampleswere taken in the same time and individual samplers fixed toworker's clothes were used. Mercury vapor concentration wasmeasured at two chloralkali industries in Poland and the resultswere presented. Excessive exposure in both industries wasconfirmed by finding elevated mercury concentration in urinesamples from the workers. 相似文献
14.
Malcolm S. Field 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》1997,47(1):23-37
Ground-water flow and solute-transport simulation modeling are major components of most exposure and risk assessments of contaminated aquifers. Model simulations provide information on the spatial and temporal distributions of contaminants in subsurface media but are difficult to apply to karst aquifers in which conduit flow is important. Ground-water flow and solute transport in karst conduits typically display rapid-flow velocities, turbulent-flow regimes, concentrated pollutant-mass discharge, and exhibit open-channel or closed-conduit flow. Conventional ground-water models, dependent on the applicability of Darcy`s law, are inappropriate when applied to karst aquifers because of the (1) nonapplicability of Darcian-flow parameters, (2) typically nonlaminar flow regime, and (3) inability to locate the karst conduits through which most flow and contaminant transport occurs. Surface-water flow and solute-transport models conditioned on a set of parameters determined empirically from quantitative ground-water tracing studies may be effectively used to render fate-and-transport values of contaminants in karst conduits. Hydraulic-flow and geometric parameters developed in a companion paper were used in the surface-water model, TOXI5, to simulate hypothetical slug and continuous-source releases of ethylbenzene in a karst conduit. TOXI5 simulation results showed considerable improvement for predicted ethylbenzene-transport rates and concentrations over qualitative tracing and analytical ground-water model results. Ethylbenzene concentrations predicted by TOXI5 simulations were evaluated in exposure and risk assessment models. 相似文献
15.
Liu Rui Zhou Qixing Zhang Lanying Guo Hao 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2007,1(1):114-119
To make a comprehensive assessment on monosodium glutamate (MSG) wastewater pollution, a pollution exposure experiment was
carried out on the seed germination and root elongation of wheat, Chinese cabbage and tomato by using the wastewater discharged
from different processing phases of MSG production. The results showed that there were significantly positive linear relationships
between the inhibitory rates of wheat seed germination and root elongation and the CODcr of the mother liquor scraps. The toxicity of MSG wastewater to the test crops was in the order of tomato > Chinese cabbage
> wheat, indicating that tomato was the most sensitive to the wastewater, and could be considered as an ideal toxic bioindicator.
The half-effect concentrations (IC50) based on the seed germination and root elongation of the test crops exposed to the wastewater discharged from various processing
phases of MSG production was 22.0–32 432 and 17.3–3320 mg/L, respectively.
Translated from Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2006, 17(7): 1286–1290 [译自: 应用生态学报] 相似文献
16.
DNA链断裂作为醛类污染物接触标志物的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
应用单细胞凝胶电泳技术 ,通过对小鼠脾淋巴细胞染毒试验 ,测定了甲醛、乙醛、丙稀醛单独及联合作用下对细胞DNA分子链断裂损伤。结果表明 ,3种醛均能引起DNA分子发生链断裂 ,对于乙醛和丙稀醛存在明确的剂量 -反应关系 ,3种化合物还还存在着一定的协同作用。上述结果提示醛类污染物潜在致癌性的一个可能机制以及DNA断裂作为醛类化合物接触标志物的可能性。 相似文献
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18.
试论公众参与环境决策 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
公众参与环境决策的理论和实践在我国还是一个新事物。本文深入探讨了在我国公众参与环境决策的理论依据、法律依据以及现实依据;并从现实的角度对我国公众参与环境决策的作用和现状进行了分析;最后,针对我国公众参与环境决策实践过程中存在的问题提出了加强环保知识宣传,完善环境立法以及扩展环境知情权等四点进一步促进我国公众参与环境决策的对策。 相似文献
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