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991.
饮用水安全直接关系人民群众的身体健康和生命安全,加强饮用水安全管理是关乎民生的重要任务。本文简述了呼和浩特市黄河蒲滩拐水源地的风险源调查情况,并分别采用单因子污染指数法和内梅罗综合污染指数法对区域水环境质量现状进行评价,在此基础上提出了风险防范措施。 相似文献
992.
张琳 《铁路节能环保与安全卫生》2020,(2):40-45
为了解铁路隧道作业场所职业病危害特征,评估其职业病危害风险控制效果,采用现场调查与职业病危害因素检测相结合的方法,对某铁路隧道作业场所职业病危害特征进行调查,采用职业病危害风险指数评估模型进行控制效果评估。结果表明,该铁路隧道作业场所职业危害因素主要包括生产过程中职业病危害、劳动过程中危害和生产环境中危害;主要职业病危害因素为电焊烟尘、矽尘、NO、NO2、CO、CO2、噪声、振动、高湿等;隧道内工务、电务、供电三大线路作业场所的线路维护人员接触的噪声均为轻中度危害,氮氧化物(NO、NO2)为轻度危害,接触的CO为中高度危害,线路维护人员矽尘作业岗位为轻中高度危害,易导致职业病损的发生。提出应重点监控该铁路隧道接触噪声、CO和矽尘的作业岗位,采取科学综合防控措施,改善作业环境质量,强化个人防护。 相似文献
993.
994.
In harm’s way: Non-migration decisions of people at risk of slow-onset coastal hazards in Bangladesh
Non-migration is an adaptive strategy that has received little attention in environmental migration studies. We explore the leveraging factors of non-migration decisions of communities at risk in coastal Bangladesh, where exposure to both rapid- and slow-onset natural disasters is high. We apply the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) to empirical data and assess how threat perception and coping appraisal influences migration decisions in farming communities suffering from salinization of cropland. This study consists of data collected through quantitative household surveys (n = 200) and semi-structured interviews from four villages in southwest coastal Bangladesh. Results indicate that most respondents are unwilling to migrate, despite better economic conditions and reduced environmental risk in other locations. Land ownership, social connectedness, and household economic strength are the strongest predictors of non-migration decisions. This study is the first to use the PMT to understand migration-related behaviour and the findings are relevant for policy planning in vulnerable regions where exposure to climate-related risks is high but populations are choosing to remain in place.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13280-021-01552-8. 相似文献
995.
996.
环境影响评价制度和社会稳定风险评估制度作为预防和控制环境影响、创新社会风险管理的重要制度,实施以来发挥了重要作用,但也出现了工作边界和内容范围交叉的问题。尤其是近年来,环境污染焦虑引发社会风险事件的建设项目不断增多,导致两者的"天然联系"愈发紧密,工作存在模糊地带的问题愈发凸显,致使建设项目行政审批繁复、执行力差。在梳理环评、稳评的发展历程和存在问题的基础上,深入分析了环评和稳评的法律地位、适用范围、评价目标、评价内容、实施主体和程序上的异同,剖析了两者在制度设计和内容衔接方面的关系,并从理清工作边界职责、环境社会风险评估结果共享、强化稳评公众参与等方面提出了环评和稳评政策衔接的建议,为政府有效实施建设项目环境、社会监管提供决策参考。 相似文献
997.
在安徽宣城通信基站中选取103个基站并设置924个监测点位,用电磁辐射分析仪监测,利用相位差确定所属区域后对基站电磁辐射强度作理论预测,与现场监测值对比分析。结果表明,现场监测电场强度值为0. 20 V/m~1. 86 V/m,均值为0. 45 V/m;功率密度为0. 011μW/m~2~0. 918μW/m~2,均值为0. 063μW/m~2,远小于标准限值。说明该区电磁环境状况整体较好,基站周围电磁辐射随着距离的增大而不断减小,功率密度实测值变化趋势与理论预测值基本一致。 相似文献
998.
This paper reviews principal concepts, tools, and metrics for risk management and Inherently Safer Design (ISD) during the conceptual stage of process design. Even though there has been a profusion of papers regarding ISD, the targeted audience has typically been safety engineers, not process engineers. Thus, the goal of this paper is to enable process engineers to use all the available design degrees of freedom to mitigate risk early enough in the design process. Mainly, this paper analyzes ISD and inherent safety assessment tools (ISATs) from the perspective of inclusion in conceptual process design. The paper also highlights the need to consider safety as a major component of process sustainability. In this paper, 73 ISATs were selected, and these tools were categorized into three groups: hazard-based inherent safety assessment tools (H-ISATs) for 22 tools, risk-based inherent safety assessment tools (R-ISATs) for 33 tools, and cost-optimal inherent safety assessment tools (CO-ISATs) for 18 tools. This paper also introduces an integrated framework for coordinating the conventional process design workflow with safety analysis at various levels of detail. 相似文献
999.
Accumulation of cadmium in the edible parts of six vegetable species grown in Cd-contaminated soils 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Species difference in Cd accumulation is important for selection of agronomic technologies aimed at producing low-Cd vegetables. Six vegetable species (Chinese leek, pakchoi, carrot, radish, tomato and cucumber) were grown in pot and field experiments to study the accumulation of Cd under different conditions. In the field trial (Cd 2.55 mg kg(-1)), Cd concentrations in the edible parts ranged from 0.01 to 0.1 mg kg(-1) and were below the permissible limits (0.2 mg kg(-1) for pakchoi and leek; 0.1 mg kg(-1) for carrot and radish; 0.05 mg kg(-1) for cucumber and tomato), but exceeded the limit in pakchoi, Chinese leek, carrot and tomato at a Cd addition level of 2.0 mg kg(-1). Plant Cd concentrations increased linearly with the increasing concentration of Cd added to the soil, with the slope of the regression lines varying by 28-fold among the six species. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) varied substantially, and was much higher in the pot experiment than in the field trial. It is concluded that the vegetable species differed markedly in the Cd accumulation and species performed consistently under different growth conditions. 相似文献
1000.
Jeffrey Wielgus Leah R. Gerber Enric Sala Jeff Bennett 《Journal of environmental management》2009,90(11):3401-3409
Stated-preference surveys for the economic valuation of environmental resources typically assume no uncertainty in the hypothetical valuation scenarios. However, the outcomes of environmental policies are uncertain. We explored the effects of including information on probabilities of attribute improvement and provision in choice experiments. Our results suggest that stating explicitly a high probability for the occurrence of the valuation scenario can improve the goodness of fit of choice models and the consistency of choices. As the general public becomes more aware of the uncertainty of environmental outcomes under global change, omitting information on scenario risk may contribute to hypothetical bias and impair the validity of stated-preference valuations. 相似文献