阿舍勒块状铜锌硫化物矿床矿物分带

本文对新疆阿舍勒块状铜锌碱化物矿体的内部构造及矿物共生组合进行了研究,与现代海底硫化物矿床的矿物分带作了比较,初步认为影响该矿床矿物分带的主要因素是成矿溶液的初始温度。     

A review of WTO and environmental issues

Multiple negotiating rounds of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and World Trade Organization (WTO) since 1947 have conferred economic benefits through liberalized international trade. A growing body of evidence also points to linkages between liberalized trade and damage to the global environment, ecology, and natural resource base. Ironically, the increased economic well-being conferred by trade liberalization ultimately provides the basis for improved environmental protection. It is the interim environmental damage due to trade liberalization that is controversial and needing amelioration. The proposition here is to promote further trade liberalization, but only as long as environmental ethics and sustainability issues are satisfactorily addressed. Trade liberalization should not be permitted at the expense of adequate environmental protection and sustainability. Future WTO rounds need to address both development benefits and environmental ethics issues in a net social welfare maximization setting.     

A Review of WTO and Environmental Issues

Multiple negotiating rounds of the GeneralAgreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and World TradeOrganization (WTO) since 1947 have conferred economicbenefits through liberalized international trade. Agrowing body of evidence also points to linkagesbetween liberalized trade and damage to the globalenvironment, ecology, and natural resource base.Ironically, the increased economic well-beingconferred by trade liberalization ultimately providesthe basis for improved environmental protection. It isthe interim environmental damage due to tradeliberalization that is controversial and needingamelioration. The proposition here is to promotefurther trade liberalization, but only as long asenvironmental ethics and sustainability issues aresatisfactorily addressed. Trade liberalization shouldnot be permitted at the expense of adequateenvironmental protection and sustainability. FutureWTO rounds need to address both development benefitsand environmental ethics issues in a net socialwelfare maximization setting.     

噪声监测质控比对中存在的问题及解决方案

根据最新的监测要求,各驻市监测中心负责对第三方监测机构例行噪声监测情况进行比对监测,此举无论是在提高噪声监测工作效率,加强监测数据可信性、科学性、代表性等方面都起到了积极的作用,然而在比对监测过程中,仍然出现了一些新问题。笔者根据自己实际操作情况,结合多年噪声监测工作的经验,提出了一些针对解决新问题的方法和建议。     

农业作业者的听力防护

农业领域作业者的听力防护问题极少被关注,以农机噪声、养殖场噪声及其对作业者伤害调查数据看,农业噪声对作业者的危害不容忽视,给予作业特点和需求,需要选择合适的听力保护装备,并建立听力保护计划,保护在噪声环境中工作的农业作业者。     

农村环境污染问题及解决对策

随着农村经济的快速发展,农村环境污染日益严重,生态环境日益恶化,严重制约了农村经济的可持续发展。本文就农村环境污染的现状、环境污染问题分析和解决对策方面进行了探讨。     

碳酸钾-三乙烯四胺复合溶液吸收模拟烟气中CO_2试验研究

本菲尔溶液在工业脱除二氧化碳中已获得较广泛的应用,但存在吸收速率差、再生负荷高等缺点。开发新型复合溶液成为目前研究热点。采用搅拌实验装置,研究不同配比的碳酸钾-TETA复合溶液对烟道气中二氧化碳的吸收和解吸性能,揭示了吸收速率、吸收容量与酸碱度、时间之间的内在联系,并对CO2从复合溶液中初始逸出温度、溶液再生温度、溶液再生率、再生前后溶液pH下降率进行了细致记录分析。实验结果表明:碳酸钾-TETA复合溶液配比为0.6∶0.4时吸收效果最佳,吸收量约为0.914mol/L;同时再生温度最低,为106℃;再生率最高,为96.7%。与相同配比的碳酸钾-MEA(一乙醇胺)、碳酸钾-DEA(二乙醇胺)、碳酸钾-DETA(二乙烯三胺)复合溶液相比具有一定再生优势。实验结果还表明碳酸钾-TETA复合体系之间存在正交互作用。     

Lessons from seabird conservation in Alaskan longline fisheries

Although bycatch of seabirds and other long-lived species is a critical conservation issue in world fisheries, case studies documenting significant reductions in the mortality of these low-productivity species in a fishery are rare. We studied progress toward seabird conservation in the Alaskan longline fisheries, one of the largest and most diverse demersal fisheries. We generated annual seabird bycatch rates in 4 target fisheries and all fisheries combined from 23 years of fisheries observer data. We used 0-inflated negative binomial models to evaluate variables influencing seabird bycatch per unit effort (BPUE) in 2 target fisheries. Following adoption of streamer lines, at first voluntarily and then mandatorily, seabird BPUE was reduced by 77–90%, preventing mortality of thousands of birds per year. Despite this, BPUE increased significantly in 2 of 4 target fisheries since streamer lines were adopted. Although night setting yielded significant reductions (74–97%) in seabird BPUE and significant increases (7–11%) in fish catch per unit effort over daytime setting, nighttime setting increased the BPUE of Northern Fulmar (Fulmarus glacialis) by 40% and nontarget fish species by 5–17%. Thus, best practices to prevent seabird mortalities in longline fisheries varied by species assemblage and fishery. Our results inform global efforts toward fisheries bycatch reduction by illustrating that successful conservation requires fishery-specific solutions, strong industry support, constant vigilance in analysis and reporting observer data, and ongoing outreach to fleets, especially to vessels with anomalously high BPUE.     

湿法脱硫吸收塔在线监测系统常见问题及解决办法

在线监测装置是运行人员的＂眼睛＂,能否正常运行,对整套脱硫系统的可靠、经济、甚至安全运行均有十分重要的影响。脱硫系统所属的关键在线监测装置包括压降测量装置、吸收塔浆液密度和液位测量装置、吸收塔浆液pH值测量装置,堵塞是三者所存在的共性问题,后两者还存在其他方面的常见问题,分析了某厂湿法脱硫吸收塔在线监测系统产生上述常见问题的原因,提出了相应的解决办法。     

白洋淀湿地生态修复的现实困境及解决路径探析

白洋淀湿地有"华北之肾"的称号,是京津冀地区的重要水源地之一。近年来白洋淀湿地显现出了生态退化的趋势,生态修复工作正在开展但成效不稳固。从生态系统整体性的角度全面评估白洋淀湿地的基本情况、生态修复工作开展情况,在此基础上提出生态修复过程中将会面临的问题,并提出解决路径。