先进实用挥发性有机废气吸附与催化净化技术

介绍了挥发性有机废气吸附与催化净化的先进技术及其进展,阐明了最新发展的解吸技术及吸附材料使解吸的时间缩短、效率提高、能耗少和解决难解吸等问题,改进的催化燃烧设备及催化材料则能更有效地净化VOCs及减少二次污染的产生,这些先进的技术及新材料为VOCs治理提供了有效的途径。     

宁波人为源VOC清单及重点工业行业贡献分析

宁波是我国华东地区的重要工业城市,也是长江三角洲南翼的经济中心.近年来,宁波工业活动的VOC排放及其对空气质量和人体健康的不利影响越来越受到关注.通过收集宁波市各类VOC人为源的活动水平数据,采用"自下而上"的估算方法,建立了宁波地区2010年人为源VOC的排放清单,并进一步分析了宁波市排放VOC的重点工业行业及其贡献大小.研究结果表明,宁波市2010年人为源的VOC排放总量为17.6万t,其中工业源、机动车排放源和居民源是宁波市人为排放VOC的主要来源,分别占总排放量的62.0%、17.2%和15.5%.而在工业源中,合成材料制造业、精炼石油产品制造业是宁波市两个重点VOC排放工业行业,其排放量分别占宁波VOC总量的18.6%和13.1%,反映出石油化工企业对宁波市VOC排放的影响程度.     

VOC的回收与处理技术简介

介绍了几种以VOC废气中回收溶剂的方法，其分析其优缺点和适用范围，对回收有困难或不经济的含VOC废气，建议采用焚烧法或催化燃烧法进行处理。     

装修房屋室内空气的污染

调查了装修后的住宅和办公室室内空气中挥发性有机物,同时对室外空气进行了调查.共检出20多种挥发性有机物.装修后室内甲醛和苯及其他苯系物含量明显高于室外.装修后室内空气甲醛质量浓度为0.1～2.4 mg/m3,在装修后短期内甲醛质量浓度更高,有时达到13.4 mg/m3;苯质量浓度为0.03～0.17 mg/m3.装修一年内甲醛、苯和苯乙烯普遍超标.卤代烃含量一般是数个μg/m3,与室外没有显著性差异.      

Vertical distribution and temporal evolution of formaldehyde and glyoxal derived from MAX-DOAS observations: The indicative role of VOC sources

Formaldehyde (HCHO) and glyoxal (CHOCHO) are important oxidization intermediates of most volatile organic compounds (VOCs), but their vertical evolution in urban areas is not well understood. Vertical profiles of HCHO, CHOCHO, and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) were retrieved from ground-based Multi-Axis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) observations in Hefei, China. HCHO and CHOCHO vertical profiles prefer to occur at higher altitudes compared to NO₂, which might be caused by the photochemistry-oxidation of longer-lived VOCs at higher altitudes. Monthly means of HCHO concentrations were higher in summer, while enhanced amounts of NO₂ were mainly observed in winter. CHOCHO exhibited a hump-like seasonal variation, with higher monthly-averaged values not only occurred in warm months (July-August) but also in cold months (November-December). Peak values mainly occurred during noon for HCHO but emerged in the morning for CHOCHO and NO₂, suggesting that HCHO is stronger link to photochemistry than CHOCHO. We further use the glyoxal to formaldehyde ratio (GFR) to investigate the VOC sources at different altitudes. The lowest GFR value is almost found in the altitude from 0.2 to 0.4 km, and then rises rapidly as the altitude increases. The GFR results indicate that the largest contributor of the precursor VOC is biogenic VOCs at lower altitudes, while at higher altitudes is anthropogenic VOCs. Our findings provide a lot more insight into VOC sources at vertical direction, but more verification is recommended to be done in the future.