快速分析技术在煤质检测中的应用及发展

煤质检测关系到电站燃煤锅炉的稳定安全运行.综述了几种快速分析技术在煤质检测中的应用及原理,并对今后我国在该技术领域的发展提出了建议.     

城市地下空间使用权应用的研究

本文介绍了我国城市地下空间使用的现状和城市地下空间使用权在应用中存在的问题,并对国内外相关的经验加以研究,最后对如何合理的对我国城市地下空间使用权加以应用谈了自己的看法。     

东北玉米低温冷害监测预测系统——在黑龙江省的应用

利用东北玉米低温冷害监测预测系统预测分析了黑龙江省1971-2006年各年热量年型,计算了哈尔滨市1984-2006年玉米抽雄期的冷害发生概率,同时采用以5-9月平均温度和的距平作为低温冷害指标的方法计算了1971-2006年低温冷害的发生状况.结果显示,上述两种方法计算得到的低温冷害的年份与历史实况基本相符.通过对比分析发现,有81%的年份两种方法计算的结果一致,且在低温年玉米抽雄期的冷害发生概率均较大,说明东北玉米低温冷害监测预测系统在黑龙江省的应用效果较好,可为防灾减灾提供科学参考.     

结合遥感影像的矿山开采沉陷专题信息三维表达

煤矿井下开采引发地表沉陷是一种严重影响生命财产和生产安全的工程形变灾害 ,其形变信息有效表达和精准制图可大大减少矿区变形控制的成本,为矿山安全生产、 保护煤柱留设、塌陷地治理、压煤村庄搬迁、破坏等级判定与损害补偿评估等方面提供 更可靠的技术保障。基于矿山地图、实时卫星遥感影像与开采沉陷变形预计结果等数据 ,采用GIS空间分析和三维可视化技术,对淮北朔里矿区地表移动与变形的下沉（W）、 水平移动（U）、水平变形（ε）、倾斜（i）和曲率（K）等形变类型进行了三维的专 题信息与应用表达,其专题信息能更加直观有效地表达与准确清晰描述开采沉陷的地理 位置、影响范围、受损害地物类型、形变方向与变形量大小等。     

Monitoring of soil biochemical quality parameters under greenhouse spinach cultivation through animal waste recycling

Under the intensive agricultural system, direct application of animal slurries to soils can provide a sustainable disposal of these wastes by inducing positive changes in soil quality and fertility. However, how animal wastes quantitatively affect the key nutrients (C, N, P and S) transforming soil enzymes is not clearly known. A greenhouse spinach cultivation study demonstrated that pig slurry, either in raw (RS) or processed (aerobically aged) (PS) form, significantly (p?β-glucosidase (23–39%), urease (59–103%), nitrate reductase (73–103%) and dehydrogenase (27–72%)) and microbial growth in soil as compared to the unamended control. However, it did not significantly (p?>?.05) alter the aryl sulphatase enzyme activity. Slurry applications also significantly improved the macro (N, P and K) and micronutrients (Cu, Mn, Zn and Fe) uptake by spinach plant and hence the yield (2.9–3.38 times higher than control). Similarly, compared to chemical fertilisers the application of pig slurries improved soil biological and biochemical parameters as well as plant nutrients uptake. This study demonstrated the closing of global energy and nutrient cycles through land application of animal wastes without compromising the crop yield.     

CGE模型在水资源研究中的应用与展望

文章简要介绍了CGE模型及其在水资源研究中的应用,归纳了水资源在模型中的处理方法,分析了CGE模型应用于水资源研究中存在的问题,并对未来发展趋势进行了展望。从处理水资源问题的方法看,约束条件、要素、中间投入和综合处理等4 种方法是主要的建模手段,并随着数据和建模技术的发展,模型向精细化、复杂化和贴近实际发展。尽管CGE模型在水资源研究中的应用仍然受制于模型本身的缺陷以及对水资源问题的认识和处理方式,但随着理论发展、数据完善,CGE模型在水资源研究中的应用会逐步朝着标准化、模块化、精细化和实用化的方向发展。     

Simulation and application of a disaster spread model in Chemical Disaster Network

In the research field of chemical safety, the computer-aided simulation for occurrence and process of disasters has become a major trend in current research, in which the establishment of evolution system for chemical multi disasters is the key point. In the paper, the study lays emphasis on the simulation and application of a spread model for chemical multi disasters. After establishing a disaster network, we defined microcosmic elements of spread model specifically. Combined with guideline of chemical disaster (e.g. guideline of heat flux for damages or injure, guideline of evaluation for buildings based explosion and overpressure, and guideline of evaluation for human exposure to toxic gases), the weight of impact can be computed using new comprehensive algorithms. Simultaneously, the paper also uses an approach on simulating multiple failure events to describe random factors of triggering disasters. At last, the experimental case of alkyl aluminum leakage in a polypropylene plant shows the result of simulation with table of 5 major series of disasters and distribution diagram of nodes (disasters) in disaster network. This proves the validity and practicability of the simulation system in the establishment and feedback of contingency plan of large-scale petrochemical enterprises.     

袋式除尘器在化肥厂的应用及改进

对建峰化肥厂包装系统中所使用的袋式除尘器的工作原理、结构性能作了介绍,并对运行情况和改进情况进行了总结,对存在的问题进行了分析,提出了今后改造应注意的问题。     

大气环境质量灰色聚类关联分析法的应用研究

在讨论大气环境质量灰色聚类关联评价法的基础上,通过应用实例和与灰色聚类法及灰色关联法的比较分析,验证了这种评价法的合理性和可靠性。     

膜分离技术在环境分析中的应用

膜分离技术在环境分析中起着十分重要的作用。本文对滤膜分离、渗透汽化膜、渗析法、电渗析法、液膜分离等分离技术在水、土、气和生物样品中阴离子、阳离子、金属元素、有机物、生物毒素等指标检测的应用进行了深入介绍。