对环境监测工作定位的探讨

随着我国环境法制的不断完善,对环境监测工作提出更高的要求,给环境监测工作明确“定位”是迫切需要解决的问题。根据法学原理,从环境监测的基本方针、主要任务、在诉讼中的作用以及技术鉴定对环境监测的要求及法律责任等方面进行探讨,阐述环境监测应定位于“技术鉴定”及环境监测工作在环境执法中的重要地位。     

武钢工业区绿地景观评价方法研究

工业企业的绿地在改善生态环境的同时,也有利于提高企业的形象,带动企业的有形和无形资产增值,因此,其景观质量不容忽视.采用科学的方法对工业区绿地的景观质量进行评价有助于更好的指导绿地建设.文章以武汉钢铁集团公司所属工业区绿地为研究对象,在对绿地结构进行全面调查的基础上,将绿地分为办公区绿地、车间防护绿地、厂区游园绿地和生活区绿地,在各功能区绿地内,分别选四种典型的绿地结构模式,确定相应的评价指标体系,采用频率统计和主成分分析结合的方法,对绿地的美学效益进行评价.最佳景观的配置模式为:办公绿地为小乔 小灌木 地被;车间防护绿地为小乔 小灌木;厂区游园绿地为乔木 灌木;生活区绿地为大乔 大灌木 草坪.     

环境保护最佳实用技术评价筛选方法的应用

应用层次分析法（ＡＨＰ法）提出了环境保护最佳实用技术的综合评价系统。并对南京地区的电镀废水治理技术进行了评价，评价结论与实际情况较吻合。     

地震应急救援后勤保障质量评价体系的探讨

建立科学的地震应急救援后勤服务质量评价体系，客观评价地震应救援急后勤保障服务水平，是规范管理地震应急救援后勤保障质量的重要手段。本文提出在进行地震应急救援后勤保障质量评价时，调查项目必须根据地震现场后勤工作的需求特点合理设计，取样大小、统计方法必须科学规范。     

Thriving on challenge stressors? Exploring time pressure and learning demands as antecedents of thriving at work

In the conceptualization of thriving at work, it is emphasized that employees' learning and vitality are two equally important components of thriving and that thriving is facilitated by contextual features and available resources. In this study, we examined the effects of two challenge stressors (time pressure and learning demands) on thriving at work. Based on the literature on challenge and hindrance stressors, we proposed that challenge stressors positively affect learning and negatively affect vitality. To uncover underlying mechanisms, we measured challenge appraisal and hindrance appraisal of work situations in a diary study. A sample of 124 knowledge workers responded to three daily surveys (before the lunch break, during the afternoon, and at the end of the workday) for a period of five workdays. Results indicate that the indirect effects of learning demands and time pressure on learning are mediated by challenge appraisal, whereas indirect effects of learning demands on vitality are mediated by hindrance appraisal. Overall, our study shows that challenge stressors have a positive total effect on learning but no total effect on vitality. These differential relationships call for a finer distinction between the two components of thriving at work in future research. Copyright © 2016 The Authors Journal of Organizational Behavior Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.     

基于模糊综合评价法的建筑企业安全管理

由于行业的自身特点,建筑企业安全管理一直是企业管理中的重点和难点。安全评价是企业进行安全管理的基础和依据,传统的安全评价方法,多为一些专家及安全管理人员凭经验得出的定性的结论,既缺乏系统科学的严谨性,在实践中又有很大的局限性。笔者在综合目前的安全评价技术的基础上,结合建筑行业特点,以《施工企业安全生产评价标准》(JGJ/T77—2003)为基础,提出了基于模糊综合理论的安全评价方法,并对该评价模型的的原理、方法进行了研究。该方法可以对不同企业或者同一企业的不同项目之间的安全现状做出量化评价,对促进企业安全管理工作的科学化、规范化、程序化有积极的现实意义。     

从世界银行对二滩水电站环境影响评估中得到的启示

本文介绍了二滩水电站环境影响评价，以及世界银行评估过程中专家提出的一系列环境问题，并结合我院１０多年来的环境影响评价工作简述几点启示，供参考。     

A Complex Systems Model Approach to Quantified Mineral Resource Appraisal

For federal and state land management agencies, mineral resource appraisal has evolved from value-based to outcome-based procedures wherein the consequences of resource development are compared with those of other management options. Complex systems modeling is proposed as a general framework in which to build models that can evaluate outcomes. Three frequently used methods of mineral resource appraisal (subjective probabilistic estimates, weights of evidence modeling, and fuzzy logic modeling) are discussed to obtain insight into methods of incorporating complexity into mineral resource appraisal models. Fuzzy logic and weights of evidence are most easily utilized in complex systems models. A fundamental product of new appraisals is the production of reusable, accessible databases and methodologies so that appraisals can easily be repeated with new or refined data. The data are representations of complex systems and must be so regarded if all of their information content is to be utilized.The proposed generalized model framework is applicable to mineral assessment and other geoscience problems. We begin with a (fuzzy) cognitive map using (+1,0,–1) values for the links and evaluate the map for various scenarios to obtain a ranking of the importance of various links. Fieldwork and modeling studies identify important links and help identify unanticipated links. Next, the links are given membership functions in accordance with the data. Finally, processes are associated with the links; ideally, the controlling physical and chemical events and equations are found for each link. After calibration and testing, this complex systems model is used for predictions under various scenarios. Published on line     

Economic appraisal and evaluation of UK waste minimisation clubs: proposals to inform the design of sustainable clubs

Waste minimisation clubs have been established for some 12 years in the UK. During that time, they have been significant driving forces in disseminating sustainable waste management practices in industry and commerce. Clubs have also demonstrated that they can achieve significant reductions in levels of waste. However, data on the economic benefits of these clubs remain scanty and disparate. In addition, no standard methodology has developed to assess whether the investment costs of clubs can be justified on grounds of either economic welfare or sustainable development, despite the theoretical advantages from doing so. Against this background, the paper considers the need for economic appraisal and evaluation of waste minimisation clubs and discusses how these methods could be applied to the creation of clubs that will be sustainable over time.     

石化设备抗震抗风动力性能分析和安全性鉴定

石油化工设备类型繁多，形体复杂，其中包括现行抗震鉴定规范中有相关规定的常规设备，也包括一些在抗震鉴定规范中尚无规定的特殊设备。文章以独山子炼油厂的石化设备为例，简要介绍了它们的抗震分析方法和鉴定结果，对其中的高耸结构还进行了抗风分析。