拉深件产生破裂、皱折原因及消除方法

如何消除制件在拉深过程中出现的破裂、皱折是生产中经常遇到的难题。因为造成拉深件破裂、皱折的原因是复杂多样的,而且解决问题的根本方法正是目前研究的焦点。为满足实际需要根据拉深件上常出现的破裂和皱折的形式,分析产生的原因及消除的方法。     

基于模糊物元的工业园区空气质量评价模型

针对工业园区空气质量的复杂性和模糊性,利用模糊物元分析理论,结合海明贴近度的概念,建立了一种基于模糊物元的空气质量评价模型。以金山二工区为例,选取《环境空气质量标准》规定的6种主要污染物SO2、NO2、CO、O3、PM10、PM2.5作为评价指标,分析了园区内5个自动监测站2016年7月1日的环境空气质量状况,并与空气质量指数(AQI)技术分析结果作比较。两种方法的评价结果基本一致,与实际状况相符。     

基于相平衡分配法的店埠河沉积物重金属质量基准研究

以店埠河为研究对象,采用校正后的相平衡分配法推导了店埠河沉积物中5种重金属（Cr、Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb）的沉积物质量基准（SQG）值,并分析了各金属结合相对不同重金属沉积物质量基准的贡献。结果表明：店埠河沉积物中Cr、Cu、Zn、Cd和Pb的沉积物质量基准值分别为318.80、122.24、1 326.99、7.88和31.43 mg/kg;各金属结合相对不同重金属的沉积物质量基准值的贡献存在差异,细颗粒物（粒径<63 μm）对店埠河5种重金属沉积物质量基准值的贡献率为24.49%~48.93%,其中对Cr、Zn和Cu的沉积物质量基准值的贡献最大。酸可挥发性硫化物对Cu、Zn、Cd和Pb的沉积物质量基准值的贡献率分别为2.11%、0.22%、50.13%和21.67%,主要决定着Cd的SQG。总有机碳和残渣态对这5种重金属SQG的贡献率较低,均不足3%。

     

Artificial neural network model for identifying taxi gross emitter from remote sensing data of vehicle emission

Vehicle emission has been the major source of air pollution in urban areas in the past two decades. This article proposes an artificial neural network model for identifying the taxi gross emitters based on the remote sensing data. After carrying out the field test in Guangzhou and analyzing various factors from the emission data, the artificial neural network modeling was proved to be an advisable method of identifying the gross emitters. On the basis of the principal component analysis and the selection of algorithm and architecture, the Back-Propagation neural network model with 8-17-1 architecture was established as the optimal approach for this purpose. It gave a percentage of hits of 93%. Our previous research result and the result from aggression analysis were compared, and they provided respectively the percentage of hits of 81.63% and 75%. This comparison demonstrates the potentiality and validity of the proposed method in the identification of taxi gross emitters.     

燃煤氮氧化物排放控制技术研究进展及相关思考

简述了燃煤氮氧化物的产生、迁移、转化规律及其对环境造成的危害，综述了燃煤氮氧化物排放控制技术研究进展和存在的问题，提出了可供参考的相关建议及解决的方案途径。     

Tuning the fill percentage in the hydrothermal synthesis process to increase catalyst performance for ozone decomposition

The performance of Ce-OMS-2 catalysts was improved by tuning the fill percentage in the hydrothermal synthesis process to increase the oxygen vacancy density.The Ce-OMS-2 samples were prepared with different fill percentages by means of a hydrothermal approach(i.e.80%,70%,50% and 30%).Ce-OMS-2 with 80% fill percentage(Ce-OMS-2-80%)showed ozone conversion of 97%,and a lifetime experiment carried out for more than20 days showed that the activity of the catalyst still remained satisfactorily high(9...     

深圳市工业区VOCs污染特征与臭氧生成敏感性

于2020年9~10月在深圳北部典型工业区开展在线观测以分析该地VOCs污染状况,并使用基于观测的模型(OBM)研究臭氧生成敏感性.观测期间VOCs的总浓度为48.5×10^-9,浓度水平上烷烃>含氧有机物(OVOCs)>卤代烃>芳香烃>烯烃>乙炔>乙腈.臭氧生成潜势(OFP)为320μg/m³,其中芳香烃、OVOCs以及烷烃贡献最大,这3类物种OFP贡献总和超过90%.乙烯与苯呈现“两峰一谷”的日变化特征,主要受到机动车排放的贡献.相对增量反应性(RIR)分析表明,削减人为源VOCs对控制当地臭氧生成最为有效,当中又应优先控制芳香烃;经典动力学曲线(EKMA)分析表明该片区臭氧生成处于过渡区,在开展VOCs区域联防联控的同时,需要在当地进行有力的NOx控制以强化该地区臭氧污染长期管控.     

我国公众灾害教育研究综述

面向公众的灾害教育是防灾减灾工作中的重要一环。通过对公众灾害教育相关研究梳理,明确其概况、实施途径,在此基础上提出策略促进其开展,进而提高全民防灾素养。     

Impacts of farmer field schools on productivity of vegetable farming in Indonesia

This study assesses the impact of farmer field schools (FFS) on the productivity of vegetable farming in vegetable‐producing areas of East Java and Bali, Indonesia. The FFS have equipped over 3,000 vegetable farmers with integrated crop management knowledge applicable to chilies and tomatoes. The FFS are expected to enhance farmers’ capacity such that they can increase production. This study employs a difference‐in‐differences (DiD) method to overcome selection bias. A survey of 250 FFS‐graduated farmers and 250 non‐FFS farmers were purposively randomly selected from the overall community of farmers. Focus group discussion was used to support the survey. The results indicate that FFS were successful for enhancing farmers’ capability in vegetable farming. Farmers who participated in FFS have higher productivity than those who did not. Farmers also could adapt and adopt the knowledge gained from FFS as they underwent a process of learning by doing. The impacts of the increase in farmers’ capacity can be more evident if weaknesses during the FFS preparation and implementation can be overcome, to ensure more participation, flexibility to fit different conditions/needs and continuous learning.     

Towards a capability approach of sustainability

Despite having a strong influence on development policies, theories of sustainability have not paid much attention to the capability approach (CA) thus far. Against this backdrop, the present paper argues for the CA’s usefulness of sustainability. In order to avoid just an additional contribution to the already confusing theoretical situation as well as to rely our exploration of the CA’s aptness for a conception of sustainability on a transparent and comparable basis, we will first identify six adequacy conditions for concepts of sustainability. We will then work out a categorial framework for conceptions of sustainability. Finally we will demonstrate how the CA is a promising candidate for filling in the demands of this framework and what further research will be needed.