An exploration of firms’ awareness and behavior of developing circular economy: An empirical research in China

Despite the wealth of information concerning environmental awareness and the behavior of firms, there is little empirical research on the awareness and behavior of firms in developing the circular economy. The study employed a questionnaire survey and in-depth interviews with 157 firms from manufacturing clusters in China. Results indicated that the firms had a relatively good understanding about the circular economy and its values and had a strong willingness to operate a circular economy, but this was not indicative of enthusiastic behavior. A striking “gap” existed between a firm's awareness and its actual behavior in developing a circular economy. Reasons for the gap are explored mainly based on the results of interviews. Finally, recommendations for overcoming the gap between the awareness and behavior are suggested.     

应急准备文化现状调研与分析研究

应急准备文化是国家应急管理重要的基础,也是当前应急准备研究领域颇受关注的热点之一。为进一步调查了解我国广大公众应急准备文化现状与存在的主要问题,以公众应急意识,应急准备能力、公众对应急管理现状满意度和未来的应急准备需求四个方面为主要内容,通过调查问卷和统计分析了解公众对突发事件的风险感知和基本应对能力。结果显示,我国应急准备文化基础薄弱,政府应急管理能力亟待提高。并提出应急准备文化建设的具体建议。     

Perception,knowledge and attitude towards environmental issues and management among residents of Al-Suwaiq Wilayat,Sultanate of Oman

The purpose of this study was to determine residents’ perception, knowledge and attitude towards environmental issues and management in the Al-Suwaiq Wilayat (administrative zone) of Al-Batinah North, Sultanate of Oman. For this purpose, a questionnaire was used with questions on issues related to environment and surveyed across 109 households in the Wilayat following a random sampling method in early 2015. The results show that education, health-related infrastructure and unemployment are ranked as most important issues for government attention today and in coming 10 years besides their concern for the environment. Resident’s perceptions on most important environmental issues were concerned about solid-waste pollution, degradation of coastal areas, saltwater intrusion and land degradation. The sources for environmental information, government agencies, local media and schools were regarded as most reliable. Top environmental priorities were suggested to deal with enforcement of regulations, provide effective environmental awareness and education programs. Further, it is suggested that additional studies should be conducted such as ‘State of Environment Reporting’, thereby such reporting, for instance would provide some form of verification of reported behaviour and improved knowledge.     

Flood risk and inequalities between ethnic groups in the floodplains of England and Wales

Previous research has shown that many vulnerable communities experience disproportional exposure to flood risk. This paper, though, is the first to look at broad ethnic/racial group differences in the United Kingdom. It contends that differences in culture and language, especially those of new immigrants, bestow vulnerabilities on such communities, resulting in a lack of knowledge that enables people to be aware, to be prepared, or to recover expediently after a flood emergency. Using UK 2011 Census data and Environment Agency flood maps, the paper demonstrates that it is the non‐white communities in Wales that confront the most disproportionate level of flood risk: 23 per cent as compared to 11.4 per cent of their white neighbours. In contrast, the difference in flood risk between white and non‐white ethnic/racial groups in regions of England is within a range of plus or minus two per cent, except for in Yorkshire and The Humber where white populations face a much greater risk of flooding.     

Environmental Education: Biodiversity

Environmental education was a principal topic on the agenda of the Stockholm 1972 Conference. In response to its recommendation UNESCO and UNEP developed and launched the International Environmental Education Program (IEEP) in 1977. Environmental education was perceived to encompass in-school and out-of-school activities and public awareness. Later developments added training to its objectives and the concept of sustainable development to its dimensions. The international Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) represented a phase in the world commitment to conservation of nature. It underpinned biodiversity in the fields of environmental education. Biodiversity education is based on five pivots: scale of boundaries (from local to worldwide), perspectives, goals, themes (vary according to actors), and assimilation (evaluation of programs of action). Directions relate to learners and teachers, and processes address: awareness, school education, education (and professional training) at tertiary level, roles of communication and media institutions.     

发展新兴交叉学科—城市灾害学

城市灾害学是一门随着工业化发展而逐步产生的一门新学科。本文在分析城市灾害学的研究基础及进展的同时，探讨了城市灾害学的理论框架及分支学科。     

从事故特性谈人的安全意识的培养

缺乏安全意识是目前我国重特大伤亡事故发生的主要原因。事故的发生具有偶然性、必然性和可预防性等特性 ,充分认识事故的这些特性对提高安全意识水平有重要的意义。笔者对事故具有的一些基本特性及其与安全意识的关系进行了深入探讨 ,分析了安全意识的含义、特点及其表现形式 ,提出应结合事故的有关特性 ,通过文化、法制、经济等途径培养安全意识 ,不断提高社会公众的安全科技文化素质和自护技能水平。     

环境保护的国家意志

环境保护的国家意志是指国家最高权力系统关于环境保护的政治意愿和行动部署的集合，包括了“国家意愿”和“国家行动”两个方面。实现环境保护历史性转变需要强大的国家意志，因为历史性转变所强调的三个对策——提高环境保护意愿、改善经济增长方式和加强环境监管都需要国家的强力行动。强化环境保护的国家意志也是强化环境保护的国家在环境保护中的责任和行动。因此，解决我国环境问题的重点突破口是在国家层面。     

如何预防飞行过程中的不安全因素

民航飞机的运行过程大致分为起飞、爬升、巡航、航路下降、进近、着陆6个阶段。飞机起飞爬升和进近着陆是飞行事故的高发阶段。笔者分析了飞行各阶段的危险源,尤其将起飞爬升和进近着陆两个阶段作为主要研究内容;指出了飞行各阶段的关键操作技术及原理;提出了起飞可能面临多种危险,给出了起飞前机组风险意识检查单,并列出了国际飞行安全基金会(FSF,FlightSafetyFoundation)提出的进近着陆风险意识检查单;运用机组资源管理工具使飞行员树立安全风险意识,从而达到降低飞行事故率,提高飞行安全水平的目的。     

矿工情境意识多层递阶驱动模型构建

为了分析煤矿工人的情境意识要素间的因果关系结构,建立更具鲁棒性的情境意识驱动模型,提出了一种基于DEMATEL和ISM法耦合的矿工情境意识驱动模型构建方法。首先,在构建情境意识概念模型的基础上从组织、个人和环境3个维度辨识矿工情境意识驱动要素;然后,运用熵值法计算矿工情境意识驱动要素的权重,并借助DEMATEL和ISM方法确定情境意识驱动要素间的因果作用关系,进而构建矿工情境意识驱动模型。结果表明,班组安全氛围是矿工情境意识的根本影响因素;生理心理状况、工作记忆、作业能力和作业经验是直接影响因素;组织制度、人岗匹配性、作业环境、培训组织、作业规程和作业负荷设计是间接影响因素。