加强环境保护执法工作的对策

本文阐述了执法工作在实施环境保护中的重要意义,并在分析当前环境执法活动存在问题的基础上,提出了加强和完善环境执法工作的对策。     

安全的本质、规律和定理

揭示安全的本质和规律,确认安全、安全规律和安全定理的概念,指导人们从本质上超前有效预防事故发生,这不仅对安全的认识是一次理性飞跃,而且对如何预防事故发生和达到征服事故的目的也是一次重大突破。     

我国发展循环经济的政策与法律体系探讨

建立和完善循环经济政策应遵循三个原则：服务于我国循环经济概念与内涵原则。服务于循环经济实践的原则。用足用好现有政策和补充缺位政策相结合的原则。我国发展循环经济的政策与法律体系应包括四大类：基本政策、核心政策和基础性政策。技术政策可以融入这四类政策之中。基本政策是统领循环经济所有政策的根本。是资源环境与社会经济发展相融合的综合性政策。基础性政策是指为循环经济重点领域实践创造良好制度环境的政策。大致包括宏观经济政策、基本经济制度、基础性激励政策和考核政策等。核心政策是直接推动循环经济重点实践领域的政策。在核心政策中。需要切实落实和用足用好的现有对循环经济发展较有利的政策有：生态工业政策（包括产业结构调整政策、清洁生产政策）。资源综合利用和环保产业税费优惠政策。能源节约和再生能源政策。环境友好型产品标志（标识）政策；需要完善的薄弱政策有：生态工业园建设政策。废弃物回收、再利用、资源化和无害化产业政策。生态农业政策。资源开发利用政策；需要新建立的缺位政策主要涉及消费领域、环境友好型和资源能源节约型城镇基础设施和建筑领域。     

我国湿地保护的法律思考

湿地是一种不同于陆地和海洋的特殊生态系统，具有重大的经济、生态和教育价值。长期以来，我国对湿地的价值认识不足，对湿地过度地开发利用，也未进行有效的保护，使之遭到了前所未有的破坏。我国对湿地保护的法律规范多散见于其他相关的法律法规之中。没有一部专门的法律规范对其进行调整，与我国严峻的湿地保护形势不相适应。本文针对我国湿地保护法律制度中存在的问题，提出了完善我国湿地保护的若干法律构想。     

《安全生产法》修订需要重点解决的若干问题研究

分析我国《安全生产法》的贯彻实施情况,总结《安全生产法》实施过程中面临的政府安全生产监管机构职责分工调整、各级安全生产监管部门职责不清和运行不畅、新型的责任保险出现、企业安全生产主体责任不能完全落实等新形势和挑战。为适应我国快速发展的社会环境,以职业安全与健康立法一体化、安全生产监督与管理权限划分、工伤保险与责任保险结合、强化企业安全生产主体责任等难点为重点,提出《安全生产法》相关条款的修订建议、理由和内容。研究结果对完善我国《安全生产法》,提升安全生产法制化水平具有参考意义。     

某三基发射药老化性能退化规律及失效模式探究

目的 获得某三基发射药老化后性能的退化规律,确定其失效模式,预估贮存及使用寿命.方法 根据某三基发射药实际使用环境及方式,采用温度-湿度双应力加速老化试验,模拟装药条件,获得老化样品.以安定剂含量、抗压强度、燃烧性能和机械感度为监测指标,对老化后样品进行测试,探究其性能变化规律,明确失效模式.通过Berthelot方程...     

Local Environmental Investments and Sustainable Development: The evaluation of environmental projects in Scotland supported by the European Agriculture Guidance and Guarantee Fund

In the UK for the period 1994-99, a broad range of environmental projects were given financial support through the European Agriculture Guidance and Guarantee Fund under the Objective 1 and Objective 5b programmes. This paper is concerned with the ex-post evaluation of these projects set within a Sustainable Development framework. The aim was to identify project types or characteristics that offered the greatest return on investment. A classification of six broad project types was adopted. The evaluation revealed that there were significant differences between individual projects with respect to the type and scale, and temporal and social distribution of the benefits they delivered. In particular, as well as delivering environmental and economic benefits, many projects made a significant contribution to the development of human and social capital. The paper concludes that it is possible to improve the basis for future project selection in order to maximise the returns on environmental investments in the context of sustainable development.     

Mineralization of aqueous pentachlorophenolate by anodic contact glow discharge electrolysis

Exhaustive mineralization of pentachlorophenolate ion (PCP) in phosphate buffer was carried out using anodic contact glow discharge electrolysis (CGDE), in which plasma was sustained between the electrolyte and anode. During CGDE, PCP degraded smoothly. The amount of total organic carbon decreased significantly, indicating the eventual conversion of the carbon atoms of benzene nucleus to inorganic carbons. Furthermore, chlorine atoms in PCP were liberated as chloride ions. As a primary intermediate product, 2,3,5,6- tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone was detected, and oxalate and formate as byproducts were also found. It was revealed that disappearance of PCP obeyed first-order kinetics. The reaction rate was generally unaffected by both O2 and inert gases in the cell, although it decreased by raising initial pH of solution. In addition, a plausible reaction pathway involving hydroxyl radical was proposed.     

分层充填开采煤层瓦斯运移方式及涌出规律研究*

为了探究使用分层充填法采煤过程中煤层瓦斯的运移方式及涌出规律,以高河煤矿E1302工作面为研究对象,采用实验室试验、理论分析、数值模拟相结合的方法建立数学模型,利用数值模拟软件对煤层瓦斯的运移方式及涌出规律进行求解。研究结果表明:使用分层充填法采煤时,充填体渗透率远大于煤体,下分层煤体中的瓦斯会以充填体为媒介向工作面涌入;开采过程中,工作面瓦斯压力随开采时间逐渐降低,开采30 d后,煤层最大瓦斯压力下降18.75％,最大瓦斯渗流速度始终位于充填体、工作面、下分层煤体交界处;工作面绝对瓦斯涌出量随着开采时间的推移呈波动式下降。