高速铁路轮轨噪声及其控制措施

高速铁路的发展,列车速度的提高使铁路噪声污染也急剧增加,不可避免地对人类生活带来了极大的负面影响,因此,发展高速铁路必须考虑噪声问题。笔者从噪声对人类产生的负面影响入手,分析了高速铁路噪声产生的原理,论述了轮轨噪声的组成及各组成部分对轮轨噪声的贡献程度。结合铁路噪声的评价指标,借鉴国内外相关经验,分别从轨道结构和车辆两方面详细阐述了控制轮轨噪声的措施。并总结了为了控制轮轨噪声,今后应重点发展的方向和重视的问题,对降低高速铁路轮轨噪声具有一定的指导意义。     

多维微振动模拟平台理论建模与仿真研究

目的模拟空间飞行器上反作用产生的微振动。方法设计一种多维微振动模拟平台,该模拟平台可产生空间六维微振动加速度谱。首先分析各个驱动腿及负载质心处的速度与加速度间的关系,接着结合牛顿-欧拉方法与拉格朗日方程推导得到多维微振动模拟平台的完整动力模型,最后利用多体系统软件ADAMS与MATLAB/Simulink进行联合仿真,以此联合仿真技术来验证理论模型的准确性。结果理论模型与仿真分析之间的最大误差为2.84%。结论该理论模型准确可靠,可以作为动力学控制的理论基础。     

大型回转窑托轮轴疲劳断裂分析与防治

回转窑由于其支承载荷分配不均 ,托轮轴疲劳断裂现象频繁 ,这就严重影响了生产的正常进行 ,造成重大的经济损失。笔者通过对回转窑的托轮轴进行力学分析 ,导出托轮轴等效对称循环应力幅的计算方法 ;对现场回转窑进行分析计算 ,得出该窑托轮轴危险截面等效应力幅与所受载荷的线性关系 ,从而得到托轮轴疲劳极限对应的载荷值和一些重要结论 ;提出通过轴线检测和调整来控制托轮所受载荷 ,使托轮轴处在疲劳极限下运行 ,从而减少托轮断轴事故带来的重大损失 ,有着较好的经济效益     

矿井避难硐室内矿物干燥剂除湿性能试验研究

针对煤矿井下避难硐室内湿度高、除湿慢等问题,提出将除湿剂与空气净化器联合作用,以提高除湿效率。通过在恒温恒湿室内进行的模拟除湿试验,对除湿剂的铺设厚度、铺设方式等因素对除湿效果的影响进行研究。结果表明:当除湿剂铺设厚度小于5cm时,除湿效果随药剂铺设厚度的增加而增大,5cm铺设厚度条件下恒温恒湿室内环境湿度在60min内由90.5%RH降至55.5%RH,相对吸水率达11.7%;选择分层铺设方式除湿剂除湿效率更高,且性能更稳定,将除湿剂分两层,每层铺设高度为2.5cm条件下恒温恒湿室内环境湿度在60min内由92%RH降至45.75%RH。     

Testing and performance analysis of a hollow fiber-based core for evaporative cooling and liquid desiccant dehumidification

In this study, an innovative heat and mass transfer core is proposed to provide thermal comfort and humidity control using a hollow fiber contactor with multiple bundles of micro-porous hollow fibers. The hollow fiber-based core utilizes 12 bundles aligned vertically, each with 1,000 packed polypropylene hollow fibers. The proposed core was developed and tested under various operating and ambient conditions as a cooling core for a compact evaporative cooling unit and a dehumidification core for a liquid desiccant dehumidification unit. As a cooling core, the fiber-based evaporative cooler provides a maximum cooling capacity of 502 W with a wet bulb effectiveness of 85%. As a dehumidification core and employing potassium formate as a liquid desiccant, the dehumidifier is capable of reducing the air relative humidity by 17% with an overall dehumidification capacity of 733 W and humidity effectiveness of 47%. Being cheap and simple to design with their attractive heat and mass transfer characteristics and the corresponding large surface area-to-volume ratio, hollow fiber membrane contactors provide a promising alternative for cooling and dehumidification applications.     

基于EIO-LCA模型的纯电动轿车温室气体减排分析

纯电动轿车燃料周期的温室气体排放是否低于汽油轿车的排放仍然存在争议.为评价纯电动轿车的温室气体减排效率,此研究利用中国2007温室气体排放EIO-LCA模型分别核算了普通级纯电动轿车和汽油轿车燃料周期的温室气体排放量.结果表明纯电动轿车燃料周期的温室气体排放总量为124gCO2,e/km,汽油轿车相应的排放总量为265gCO2,e/km,纯电动轿车与汽油轿车相比,减排温室气体53%.模型计算结果还表明影响纯电动轿车温室气体排放的主要行业包括电力、热力的生产和供应业与煤炭开采和洗选业等.因此,纯电动轿车温室气体减排应通过优化一次能源结构、提高电网综合效率等方法实现.     

DT合金滚轮体热冲压冲头复合强化工艺研究

阐述了DT合金正确的锻造方法,通过对该合金实施镀镍稀土渗硼、等温淬火、高温回火复合处理,能得到很高硬度、耐磨性及抗高温氧化和冷-热疲劳抗力,应用于喷油泵滚轮体的热冲压冲头上,使用寿命比相应的热作模具钢可提高15～20倍。     

车轮通用打字模设计

根据本单位生产设备特点及车轮的工艺要求，进行工艺分析，设计实用、可靠、灵活、操作简便的通用打字模。     

The performance of solar powered desiccant dehumidifier in India: an experimental investigation

The regeneration and adsorption of desiccant wheel for producing the dry air was experimentally investigated. The air needed for regeneration was heated in an evacuated tube solar collector with surface area 4.44 m². The desiccant wheel is regenerated at the temperature in the range of 43.9–72.6°C. The regeneration and adsorption performances are affected by the regeneration temperature, wheel rotation, air flow rate (process and regeneration) and ambient conditions. By comparing the adsorption and regeneration performance at different air flow rate and constant rph, it was found that maximum adsorption and regeneration rates are obtained at air flow rate of 210.789 kg/h. Regeneration temperature directly affects the effectiveness of the desiccant wheel. Maximum desiccant wheel effectiveness of regeneration sector and adsorption sector is obtained at air flow rate of 105.394 kg/h. The regeneration performance of desiccant wheel with evacuated tube solar air collector is suitable for the Indian climate.     

动态转盘过滤器去除城市生活污水中的SS及有机污染物COD的研究

本文主要对动态转盘过滤器对城市污水中SS及有机污染物COD的去除率进行了研究。