Simultaneous removal of Cu(II) and Cr(VI) by Mg–Al–Cl layered double hydroxide and mechanism insight

Mg–Al–Cl layered double hydroxide (Cl-LDH) was prepared to simultaneously remove Cu(II) and Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. The coexisting Cu(II) (20 mg/L) and Cr(VI) (40 mg/L) were completely removed within 30 min by Cl-LDH in a dosage of 2.0 g/L; the removal rate of Cu(II) was accelerated in the presence of Cr(VI). Moreover, compared with the adsorption of single Cu(II) or Cr(VI), the adsorption capacities of Cl-LDH for Cu(II) and Cr(VI) can be improved by 81.05% and 49.56%, respectively, in the case of coexisting Cu(II) (200 mg/L) and Cr(VI) (400 mg/L). The affecting factors (such as solution initial pH, adsorbent dosage, and contact time) have been systematically investigated. Besides, the changes of pH values and the concentrations of Mg²⁺ and Al³⁺ in relevant solutions were monitored. To get the underlying mechanism, the Cl-LDH samples before and after adsorption were thoroughly characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. On the basis of these analyses, a possible mechanism was proposed. The coadsorption process involves anion exchange of Cr(VI) with Cl⁻ in Cl-LDH interlayer, isomorphic substitution of Mg²⁺ with Cu²⁺, formation of Cu₂Cl(OH)₃ precipitation, and the adsorption of Cr(VI) by Cu₂Cl(OH)₃. This work provides a new insight into simultaneous removal of heavy metal cations and anions from wastewater by Cl-LDH.     

绿色会计视角下能源企业的成本核算优化研究

针对绿色会计视角下能源企业的成本核算优化,介绍了绿色会计视角下能源企业的成本核算,由于能源企业的发展,对环境产生了巨大危害,也导致能源企业由于本身成本过高,这才提出绿色会计,这样才能优化能源企业的成本,可以保证能源企业的可持续发展;同时,也保障了能源企业生态的稳定建设.基于绿色会计视角,探讨了能源企业的绿色成本优化研究,主要包括能源企业坚持绿色会计,确定绿色成本原则,能源企业绿色成本优化条件和能源企业加强绿色会计实践.     

医院低碳经济管理路径探索研究

在建设两型社会的大背景下,我院积极探索低碳经济管理途径,通过实施‘‘四权分离物品管理机制”、全成本核算、打造数字化医院和低碳医疗等手段初步实现了低碳经济管理,并取得了极大的经济效益和社会效益。     

浅析环保企业执行建造合同准则存在的问题及对策

随着国家对环境保护的重视,环保企业近年来迅速发展已成为一个新兴的朝阳产业,如何规范污水处理工程建设中建造合同的会计核算已成为每一个环保企业必须面对的问题。本文对环保企业在执行《企业会计准则第15号―建造合同》中存在的问题进行了细致的分析,并提出了一些解决对策,使环保企业执行建造合同准则能得以顺利实施。     

南方红壤丘陵区粮食生产的完全成本 ——以湖南省祁阳县为例

针对目前我国农业生产中的资源环境问题,指出粮食生产成本核算的不完整性,粮食生产造成的资源耗减和环境降级得不到补偿。运用环境经济学原理和可持续发展理论对粮食生产的完全成本进行分析,提出粮食生产的完全成本除包括直接生产成本外,还应包括粮食生产的资源环境成本。论文以南方红壤丘陵区的湖南省祁阳县为研究对象进行案例分析,研究表明,2008年该区域粮食生产的资源环境成本相当于当年农业总产值的36.55%;早、中、晚稻的完全成本分别达到4.27、3.84和4.40元·kg^-1,其中资源环境成本分别为1.38、 1.65和1.64元·kg^-1,直接生产成本分别为2.89、 2.19和2.76元·kg^-1,而实际市场价格分别仅有1.76、 1.90和1.84元·kg^-1。研究结果对有关部门制定相关农业政策、调整粮食生产布局、促进区域粮食生产和可持续发展具有一定的参考价值。     

煤炭企业环境成本核算及控制浅议

随着我国环境保护方面的法律法规逐步完善,以及公众对环保的日益重视,对煤炭环境成本进行核算十分必要.本文论述了煤炭企业环境成本核算的重要性,分析了煤炭企业现有成本核算存在问题,提出了完善煤炭企业环境成本核算的对策.     

类水滑石Mg/Zn/Al焙烧产物对高氯酸盐的吸附

利用类水滑石Mg/Zn/Al的焙烧产物对ClO-4进行吸附性能研究,通过类水滑石表面结构X射线衍射分析并探讨其吸附等温、动力学模型,并研究了焙烧温度、Mg/Zn/Al质量比、溶液pH值、吸附时间及吸附剂投加量等因素对类水滑石Mg/Zn/Al吸附ClO-4的性能影响.结果表明在500℃下焙烧4 h,Mg/Zn/Al质量比为2∶1∶1的类水滑石对ClO-4去除效果较好,吸附容量最大且对溶液pH值有较好的适用范围.经500℃焙烧的类水滑石吸附ClO-4的动力学拟合结果符合二级反应动力学模型,吸附等温线符合Langmuir及Freundlich吸附等温模型.     

生态社会主义及其双重价值研究

生态社会主义是当代西方一种具有重要影响的左翼社会思潮,它致力于生态原则与社会主义的结合,要求超越资本主义与现存的社会主义模式,主张在对资本主义进行批判和建议的基础上,建立新的绿色社会、生态现代化的社会和全面发展的社会。生态社会主义具有历史的进步性与理论和实践上的局限性双重社会价值,我们应当汲取生态社会主义的积极思想,为中国生态文明建设提供有益借鉴。     

Evaluation of Point and Diffuse Sources of Nutrients in a River Basin on Base of Monitoring Data

The methodology of materials accounting is presented and applied to developing nutrient balance (nitrogen and phosphorus) in a river basin. The method is based on the balance principle: inputs and outputs of each nitrogen and phosphorus related sub-systems were balanced. The application of the methodology strategies was illustrated by means of a case study of the Krka river, Slovenia. Different pathways of emission to surface waters were taken into account: WWTP discharges, direct discharges, erosion/runoff and baseflow. Total annual emission into the river Krka was estimated to be 362 tonnes N/year and 73.3 tonnes P/year. The main sources of nitrogen are diffuse sources, emitted via baseflow (52%). Other important sources are effluents from WWTP, which account for 36% of total emissions. Other sources like erosion and direct discharges to surface water (animal manure, industry, households) are of lower magnitude. Erosion is main source of phosphorus emission (55% of total emission), WWTP effluents account for 37% of total emission, while other sources are less important. Besides reduction of point sources by means of wastewater collection and implementation of nutrient removal technology, managing agricultural nitrogen and phosphorus to protect water quality should become a major challenge in the Krka river basin.     

双碱法脱硫技术研究

脱硫过程主要是二氧经硫与氢氧化钠生发化学反应,反应生成物亚硫酸钠溶于水,含亚硫酸钠的脱硫循环水与投加的氢氧化钙反应可生成氢氧化钠和亚硫酸钙。通过沉淀分离可将难溶钙从循环水中清除,氢氧化钠易溶于水可循环使用,脱硫过程中消耗氢氧化钙。达到脱硫效率高,运行费用低的目的。