Perceiving Land-Degrading Activities from the Lay Perspective in Northern China

Investigation into local peoples’ perceptions can produce useful information that could be incorporated into the decision-making process to help resolve environmental problems. Within the arena of land degradation, a number of studies have also been conducted to explore local peoples’ views of the problem. However, the perceptions of land-degrading practices of the general public have so far not been actively solicited. This study aimed to contribute to this area of research by adopting the psychometric scaling technique to empirically explore the lay public’s ecological risk perceptions of land-degrading activities in Minqin County in Gansu Province, northern China. The primary data were collected via a questionnaire survey (n = 1,138) administered between 14 and 31 December 2002. The major findings of the survey were: (1) Respondents perceived the ecological risks posed by different land-degrading activities to be different. (2) There was a considerable incongruence in the way in which mining of groundwater was conceived by experts and laymen, respectively. (3) Respondents were pretty unsure of expert knowledge. (4) Respondents’ ecological risk perceptions were significantly affected by their personal attributes. As far as the policy implications of these findings are concerned, this study accentuates that we must be aware of, and involved in, the environmental perceptions of the lay public in order to succeed in guiding any human-environment tensions along more sustainable trajectories and navigating the transition to sustainability.     

Do Open-Cycle Hatcheries Relying on Tourism Conserve Sea Turtles? Sri Lankan Developments and Economic–Ecological Considerations

By combining economic analysis of markets with ecological parameters, this article considers the role that tourism-based sea turtle hatcheries (of an open-cycle type) can play in conserving populations of sea turtles. Background is provided on the nature and development of such hatcheries in Sri Lanka. The modeling facilitates the assessment of the impacts of turtle hatcheries on the conservation of sea turtles and enables the economic and ecological consequences of tourism, based on such hatcheries, to be better appreciated. The results demonstrate that sea turtle hatcheries serving tourists can make a positive contribution to sea turtle conservation, but that their conservation effectiveness depends on the way they are managed. Possible negative effects are also identified. Economic market models are combined with turtle population survival relationships to predict the conservation impact of turtle hatcheries and their consequence for the total economic value obtained from sea turtle populations.     

沿海铁路东通道建设对淮安经济发展的影响

以淮安市现实产业布局为基础,分析了新长铁路建设可能对该市产业布局产生的影响,并充分利用新长铁路贯通的良好契机,调整产业布局,建设沿线交通经济带,推动淮安经济跨越式发展,进而实现苏南、苏北经济联动,对江苏实施区域共同发展战略具有现实意义.     

渔港布局及沿海渔港经济圈的构想

"点-轴系统"空间结构理论是区域开发的基础性理论.在渔港布局中运用该理论,首先确定各个海湾区域的重点渔港与城镇之间的多级发展轴线,在此基础上构建多个沿海渔港经济圈,带动渔港和海岸带的经济发展.     

浅析成都市生活垃圾焚烧发电的经济可行性

根据成都市生活垃圾性状和现有的工业基础及技术经济条件，对成都市建设生活垃圾焚烧发电厂的经济可行性进行了初步分析，指出上网电价为0．25元／千瓦时，政府对处置垃圾的补贴费为50元／吨，是经济可行的。     

资源所有权制度改革与西部地区经济发展

随着资源的开采，西部许多地区不是越来越富而是越来越穷，形成了资源富有与经济落后的强烈反差，出现了“富饶的贫困”现象。在资源所有权制度改革中应充分考虑资源利益的多主体性和不同利益主体之间的利益综合平衡，尤其需要考虑到资源所在地的利益问题，确立资源地区对属地资源的收益权，增强资源地自我约束、自我积累、自我发展的能力，才能保证西部资源的开发能有效地带动当地经济的发展。     

混凝法从利福霉素SV钠药渣中回收蛋白质的研究

研究用钙盐和Polyacrylamide(PAM)混凝的处理方法,从利福霉素SV钠药渣中回收粗蛋白.药渣含水89%左右,具有蛋白质胶体溶液的性质.处理后机械脱水率提高到64%以上.与盐析法比较,机械脱水能耗上升,而处理药剂成本大幅度下降,产品成本降低200元/T左右.     

环境政策法律的经济分析和程序设计

本文对环境政策法律经济分析的对象、目的、作用机制进行了分析,对环境政策法律经济影响经济分析的角度、内容和方法进行了研究.其中包括供给-需求和产业结构角度的分析评价,以及环境政策法律经济影响的分析方法.给出了环境政策法律经济分析程序设计的基本思路.     

浙江乐清湾海岸带地区的经济发展

海湾处于陆地和海洋交汇部位,由于开发环境优越,在人类社会发展中占有非常突出的地位.浙江乐清湾海岸带地区在经济迅速发展的同时,也面临着诸如淡水资源缺乏、海洋经济发展层次和城镇化水平偏低等问题.针对这些问题,提出了相应的调控对策和建议.     

浅议日本的自来水水价

介绍日本不同城市的两部分水费制的具体实施和“负担公平化和经营稳定化”宗旨以及供水行业支出费用的组成.日本的市民每个月的自来水水费支出数额占整个生活消费总数的比例呈缓慢上升趋势,随着水价逐年缓慢增长.日本的水价和水费管理模式以及上海最新提出的三级梯度水价规划方案值得借鉴与参考.