Sorbents with high efficiency for CO2 capture based on amines-supported carbon for biogas upgrading

Sorbents for CO_2 capture have been prepared by wet impregnation of a commercial active carbon(Ketjen-black, Akzo Nobel) with two CO_2-philic compounds, polyethylenimine(PEI)and tetraethylenepentamine(TEPA), respectively. The effects of amine amount(from 10 to70 wt.%), CO_2 concentration in the feed, sorption temperature and gas hourly space velocity on the CO_2 capture performance have been investigated. The sorption capacity has been evaluated using the breakthrough method, with a fixed bed reactor equipped with on line gas chromatograph. The samples have been characterized by N_2 adsorption–desorption,scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray(SEM/EDX). A promising CO_2 sorption capacity of 6.90 mmol/gsorbenthas been obtained with 70 wt.% of supported TEPA at 70℃ under a stream containing 80 vol% of CO_2. Sorption tests, carried out with simulated biogas compositions(CH_4/CO_2mixtures), have revealed an appreciable CO_2 separation selectivity; stable performance was maintained for 20 adsorption–desorption cycles.     

基于SBM-undesirable和Meta-frontier模型的能源效率研究

在考虑东中西区域间技术集合差异的基础上,采用SBM-Undesirable和Meta-frontier函数模型测算区域问能源效率.同时采用共同技术比率定量分析了各省区能源利用的技术差距,并从生产技术和管理两个维度分析能源利用无效率来源.发现中国能源效率整体存在较大改善空间且呈现出东-西-中递减格局.各省区在共同前沿边界下能源效率技术水平均不大于群组前沿边界下的能源效率,且东-西-中三大地区能源效率的无效率来源各有不同,需要因地制宜制定不同提升策略.     

节能环保产业公司融资效率研究——基于四阶段DEA-Malmquist模型

在经典的DEA模型的基础上进行了修正,采用四阶段DEA模型,旨在剔除环境控制变量对效率测度结果的影响.同时,在DEA模型的基础上引入Malmquist指数分析法,以弥补DEA模型无法测度面板数据的缺陷.选取了2012年-2014年A股节能环保上市公司的面板数据,测度了样本的融资效率及三年的融资效率变化情况,结果表明:资源循环利用行业的融资效率最高,其次是环保行业,融资效率最低的是节能行业.样本企业总体的融资效率每年都在增长,但增长速度开始放缓.     

基于DEA-Malmquist指数的山东省生态效率评价研究

以2004牟-2012年面板数据为样本,运用DAE和Malmquist指数模型对山东省17地市生态效率及其变化特征进行测评.结果显示:山东省生态效率呈现波动变化,各地市之间差异明显,有6市达到了效率最优,烟尘、工业固废、工业粉尘和SO2是影响非前沿面城市生态效率提升的重要因素;各地市资源效率与环境效率存在差异,环境效率发展较好的城市数量多于资源效率;技术进步对生态效率的提高起着明显的促进作用;驱动技术创新、优化产业布局,发展循环经济是山东省提升生态效率的有效途径.     

烟气同时脱硫脱硝技术进展研究

中国二氧化硫和氮氧化物的排放所引起的污染越来越严重,国家治理大气污染的力度逐步加大.现阶段单独脱硫脱硝的技术已经很成熟,考虑到经济高效的问题,烟气同时脱硫脱硝技术是当前烟气净化技术研究的热点之一.研究开发经济、高效、简单的烟气脱硫脱硝一体化技术十分必要和紧迫.本文介绍了几种典型烟气同时脱硫脱硝技术原理及其研究现状,分析了其原理及优缺点,对几种工艺进行了技术和经济分析.最后对脱硫脱硝一体化技术的发展前景作了展望.     

中国东中西部经济带的水环境库兹涅茨假说实证及其影响因素研究

“八五”至“十二五”期间,中国取得巨大的经济成果的同时带来了严重的水环境污染问题.文章分析了东中西部三大经济带经济发展及COD和氨氮两种主要水污染排放的差异,及其与经济发展的关系进行了EKC假说的实证研究.研究结果表明,部分污染物的拟合曲线尚处于上升阶段,未能出现典型的倒U型曲线,可能导致水环境质量恶化.环境基础设施建设、人口分布和产业结构等因素与COD和氨氮的排放量密切相关,因此,中国必须采取各种环境管理和技术手段,促使区域水污染物排放量指标与经济发展的拟合曲线出现转折点,改善水环境质量.     

环境污染对农民健康的影响研究

旨在分析农村环境污染的现状并究其根源,探讨生态环境问题给农民健康带来的危害,为治理农村环境污染提出合理对策。     

Influence of Suspended Clay Minerals and Humic Matter on the Solid Phase Extraction Efficiency of Selected Pesticides from Water

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the influence of humic acids (HA) and Ca-montmorillonite (CaM) on the solid-phase extraction (SPE) efficiency of atrazine, alachlor and α-cypermethrin from water samples at various pH-values. The nature and intensity of binding of the studied pesticides to CaM were determined by X-ray diffraction analysis and termogravimetric analysis (TGA) test. The studied pesticides eluted from discs were analysed by thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The effects of CaM and humic acid were generally pH-dependent and acted independently in extraction efficiency influence. Lower recovery of pesticides was observed at higher pH values when CaM was ≥0.1 g and was attributed to greater dispersion of clay, increased surface area and subsequent adsorption. Concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in humic acid had less effect on the extraction efficiency when water was at pH 8 compared to water at pH 2, which was probably due to greater nonpolar interactions of the pesticides to the charge-neutralized humic acid molecule.     

基于多维视角的资源型城市经济转型时机理论分析与判断——以大庆市为例

经济转型是资源型城市实现可持续发展的必然过程,而经济转型时机对城市转型路径与转型效果具有重要影响。以资源型城市生命周期曲线为工具,尝试从资源开发时序、产业结构演进、空间结构演化和生态环境变化四个维度构建经济转型时机的理论分析框架,并以大庆市为实证,探究大庆市所处的经济转型时机,以期为大庆市制定经济转型策略提供理论依据,并对国内资源型城市经济转型时机的判断提供思路和启示。     

Ecological and economic impacts of green roofs and permeable pavements at the city level: the case of Corvallis,Oregon

A city's spatial footprint is covered by extensive impervious building roofs and paved surfaces, which contribute to greater storm-water runoff, more surface pollutants, and less carbon sequestration, hence, worse ecosystem services. This research conducts an empirical study on the ecological and economic impacts of a citywide adoption of green roofs and permeable pavements in Corvallis, OR. The effects on ecosystem services of using green roofs and pervious pavements for a low impact development are modelled using Integrated Value of Ecosystem Services Trade-offs and compared to those from the City's current conventional development without green roofs and pervious pavements. The differences are analysed for ecological impact by storm-water yield, storm-water purification, and carbon sequestration and economic impact by a cost-benefit comparison. The results indicate that low impact development, especially intensive green roofs on commercial/industrial buildings and permeable pavements for parking lots, plays a significant role, even with a higher initial implementation cost, for long-term urban sustainability.