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951.
关于环境保护的可持续发展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
阐述了可持续性发展的定义和内涵,介绍了可持续性发展概念产生的历史背景和该概念不断完善和补充的过程。并论述了经济增长、环境保护与可持续性发展的关系,最后,提出了实施可持续发展战略应注意的一些问题。 相似文献
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黄河断流与黄河的水资源承载力 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
分析了黄河断流的时空特征、根源和危害,提出了水资源承载力的概念。黄河的水资源承载力即指在生态系统良性循环的条件下,黄河对人类取用水资源的最大承受能力。只有建立起水资源承载力的概念,人类才会谨慎地取用水资源,小心地保护水资源。 相似文献
956.
陶庄煤矿矿震灾害与防治 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
本文通过对陶庄煤矿矿区地质构造及矿震分布特征的分析,探讨了矿震的发生条件及其机理,提出了矿震与天然地震的关联性,阐明了矿震的前兆特征及防治措施。 相似文献
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Kellie B. Vach Joseph M. Eilers Mary V. Santelmann 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2002,38(3):773-787
ABSTRACT: Simulated water quality resulting from three alternative future land‐use scenarios for two agricultural watersheds in central Iowa was compared to water quality under current and historic land use/land cover to explore both the potential water quality impact of perpetuating current trends and potential benefits of major changes in agricultural practices in the U.S. Corn Belt. The Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was applied to evaluate the effect of management practices on surface water discharge and annual loads of sediment and nitrate in these watersheds. The agricultural practices comprising Scenario 1, which assumes perpetuation of current trends (conversion to conservation tillage, increase in farm size and land in production, use of currently‐employed Best Management Practices (BMPs)) result in simulated increased export of nitrate and decreased export of sediment relative to the present. However, simulations indicate that the substantial changes in agricultural practices envisioned in Scenarios 2 and 3 (conversion to conservation tillage, strip intercropping, rotational grazing, conservation set‐asides and greatly extended use of best management practices (BMPs) such as riparian buffers, engineered wetlands, grassed waterways, filter strips and field borders) could potentially reduce current loadings of sediment by 37 to 67 percent and nutrients by 54 to 75 percent. Results from the study indicate that major improvements in water quality in these agricultural watersheds could be achieved if such environmentally‐targeted agricultural practices were employed. Traditional approaches to water quality improvement through application of traditional BMPs will result in little or no change in nutrient export and minor decreases in sediment export from Corn Belt watersheds. 相似文献
960.
R. M. Patel S. O. Prasher P. K. God R. Bassi 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2002,38(1):91-100
ABSTRACT: This study explores the applicability of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) for predicting salt build‐up in the crop root zone. ANN models were developed with salinity data from field lysimeters subirrigated with brackish water. Different ANN architectures were explored by varying the number of processing elements (PEs) (from 1 to 30) for replicate data from a 0.4 m water table, 0.8 m water table, and both 0.4 and 0.8 m water table lysimeters. Different ANN models were developed by using individual replicate treatment values as well as the mean value for each treatment. For replicate data, the models with twenty, seven, and six PEs were found to be the best for the water tables at 0.4 m, 0.8 m and both water tables combined, respectively. The correlation coefficients between observed salinity and ANN predicted salinity of the test data with these models were 0.89, 0.91, and 0.89, respectively. The performance of the ANNs developed using mean salinity values of the replicates was found to be similar to those with replicate data. Not only was there agreement between observed and ANN predicted salinity values, the results clearly indicated the potential use of ANN models for predicting salt build‐up in soil profile at a specific site. 相似文献