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排序方式: 共有398条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
101.
2003年是全球自然灾害重灾年.根据收集到的全球自然灾害记录的数据,客观地对全球主要自然灾害的特征和分布特点进行了分析,并对其成因和发展趋势进行了初步探讨. 相似文献
102.
水旱灾害对我国农业及社会经济发展的影响 总被引:4,自引:3,他引:4
水旱灾害首先影响到我国农业生产。粮食产量的大幅减产还会波及到整个国民经济及人民生活水平的下降。研究自然灾害不仅要注意因灾损失的自然因素,同时要联系造成灾害的社会、经济、人文因素等诸多方面进行自与非自然因素的综合分析。 相似文献
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Social vulnerability indicators can assist with informing disaster relief preparation. Certain demographic segments of a population may suffer disproportionately during disaster events, and a geographical understanding of them can help to determine where to place strategically logistical assets and to target disaster‐awareness outreach endeavours. Records of house fire events and American Red Cross aid provision over a five‐year period were mapped for the County of Los Angeles, California, United States, to examine the congruence between actual events and expectations of risk based on vulnerability theory. The geographical context provided by the data was compared with spatially‐explicit indicators of vulnerability, such as age, race, and wealth. Fire events were found to occur more frequently in more vulnerable areas, and Red Cross aid was found to have an even stronger relationship to those places. The findings suggest that these indicators speak beyond vulnerability and relate to patterns of fire risk. 相似文献
106.
Balaban V 《Disasters》2006,30(2):178-198
107.
Siri Thoresen Arnfinn Tønnessen Camilla Vibe Lindgaard Anne Lie Andreassen Lars Weisæth 《Disasters》2009,33(3):353-368
Adequate responses to disasters and emergency situations rely, among other factors, on coping abilities in disaster workers and emergency personnel. In this study, different aspects of disaster-related stressors and training/experience were investigated in Norwegian personnel (n = 581) mobilised for the 2004 tsunami disaster. The level of stress reactions, measured nine to ten months after the tsunami, was relatively low in this sample, indicating that the personnel coped well with the challenges of the disaster. The level of intrusive memories was higher in disaster-area personnel (n = 335) than in home-base personnel (n = 246). Stress reactions were significantly associated with witnessing experiences (disaster-area group) and with having to reject victims in need of help (both groups). Specific preparation for the mission was associated with a lower level of stress reactions in disaster-area personnel. Such factors may be considered in training and preparation programmes for disaster workers. 相似文献
108.
Ray-Bennett NS 《Disasters》2009,33(2):274-290
'Multiple disasters' or disasters that occur in 'one specific place' are regular events in coastal parts of the state of Orissa in eastern India. Yet the policy framework for addressing multiple disasters is weak. This paper aims to show that policy responses in pre- and post-independence Orissa have overlooked the effects of multiple disasters. Evidence based on a review of the literature and onfieldwork indicates that Orissa has a long history of experience of multiple disasters due to its unique geographic location, political dislocation, and ineffective disaster policies that have focused only on single events. One can observe the effects of this even today in Orissa, notably inadequate measures to counteract the consequences of multiple disasters at the household level and to build people's capacity. This study posits, therefore, that multiple disasters deserve good representation in integrated disaster reduction strategies designed to mitigate their impacts. 相似文献
109.
新《防震减灾法》浅议——以汶川8.0级地震为例 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
以汶川8.0级地震为例,对新《防震减灾法》进行了解读,新《防震减灾法》在旧法的基础上,主要完善了防震减灾规划制度、建设工程抗震设防制度,增加了对学校医院等重要建筑和农村民居、乡村公共设施的抗震设防要求的规定,强化了防震减灾群测群防制度以加强对地震灾害的预防;完善了地震应急救援机制;进一步规范了地震灾后过渡性安置和恢复重建制度;加强了政府在防震减灾工作中的领导和协调作用。同时文中也指出了新《防震减灾法》存在的不足。 相似文献
110.
在求取襄阳中心城区重现期雨量与可抽排雨量的基础上,采用基于GIS暴雨洪涝淹没模型计算不同重现期致灾雨量的淹没水深和范围;依据城市内涝对道路的实际影响,制作城市道路内涝灾害风险区划图。结果表明,该方法能够直观表达研究区域内不同雨量阈值的内涝灾害淹没风险分布,定量评估淹没水深、淹没范围。同时给出了城市道路内涝灾害风险区划图,结合城市道路信息,准确定位高风险易涝街区,为政府部门决策提供科学依据。 相似文献