EGSB反应器初期启动颗粒污泥显微特征

EGSB反应器在常温下处理低浓度的污水以及高浓度难降解的工业废水方面有着其它厌氧反应器所不可比拟的优势.厌氧颗粒污泥是EGSB反应器高效稳定运行的关键,通过显微观察研究了EGSB反应器初期启动过程中颗粒污泥的特征.污泥颗粒化进展顺利标志着EGSB反应器初期启动成功.     

好氧颗粒污泥关键培养技术研究进展

概述了好氧污泥颗粒的关键培养技术及研究进展.迄今,只有在SBR反应器中通过控制运行条件,才能在常规条件下成功培养出好氧颗粒污泥.好氧颗粒污泥的形成和培养受很多因素的影响,其关键培养技术至今仍不清楚.沉降时间、交换比、溶解氧、剪切力、进水负荷和进料方式是比较重要的关键培养参数.     

颗粒污泥接种UASB反应器处理木糖醇废水试验研究

采用颗粒污泥接种UASB厌氧反应器处理木糖醇生产废水,对废水进行预调配后,由电控柜控制间歇进水.试验结果表明在进水COD为3～5g/L,COD容积负荷在2.70～4.64 kg/(m3·d)的范围时,有机污染物的去除率可稳定地保持在76%～88%,对厌氧出水再进行普通活性污泥法好氧后处理,出水COD可达到100 ms/L以下,稳定地达到国家要求的废水一级排放标准.     

Biosorption of Direct Black 38 by dried anaerobic granular sludge

The biosorption of Direct Black 38 by dried anaerobic granular sludge in a batch system under specific temperatures and initial pH was investigated. The adsorption reaction is pH dependent with higher removal at low pH. The adsorption equilibrium data fit very well with both Langmuir and Freundlich models in the concentration range of Direct Black 38 at all chosen temperatures. The adsorption parameters show that the adsorption of Direct Black 38 is an endothermic and more effective process at high temperatures. The kinetics of adsorption was found to be second order and adsorption rate constants increased with increasing temperature. Activation energy was determined as 26.8 kJ/mol for the process. This suggests that the adsorption of Direct Black 38 by dried anaerobic granular sludge is chemically controlled.     

Molecular characterization of bacterial community in aerobic granular sludge stressed by pentachlorophenol

To characterize the effects of pentachlorophenol (PCP) on the performance and microbial community of aerobic granular sludge in sequencing batch reactor (SBR), the web-based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) and real-time PCR (RT- PCR) techniques were used to explore the bacterial community structure. When PCP increased from 0 to 50 mg/L, the COD removal rate changed little, while the ammonia removal rate dropped from 100% to 64.9%. The results of molecular characterization showed t...     

Combination of adsorption and biodegradation processes for textile effluent treatment using a granular activated carbon-biofilm configured packed column system

The objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using a granular activated carbon-biofilm configured packed column system in the deeolodzation of azo dye Acid Orange 7-containing wastewater.The Acid Orange 7-degrading microbial from anaerobic sequencing batch reactor which treating the azo dye-containing wastewater for more than 200 d was immobilized on spent granular activated carbon(GAC)through attachment.The GAC-biofilm configured packed column system showed the ability to decolorize...     

Superior trichloroethylene removal from water by sulfide-modified nanoscale zero-valent iron/graphene aerogel composite

Sulfide-modified nanoscale zero-valent iron (S-nZVI) is a promising material for removal of organic pollutants from water, but S-nZVI nanoparticles (NPs) easily agglomerate and have poor contact with organic contaminants. Herein, we propose a new S-nZVI/graphene aerogel (S-nZVI/GA) composite which exhibits superior removal capability for trichloroethylene (TCE) from water. Three-dimensional porous graphene aerogel (GA) can improve the efficiency of electron transport, enhance the adsorption of organic pollutants and restrain the agglomeration of the core-shell S-nZVI NPs. The TCE removal rates of FeS, nZVI, GA and S-nZVI were 27.8%, 42%, 63% and 75% in 2?hr, respectively. Furthermore, TCE was completely removed within 50?min by S-nZVI/GA. The TCE removal rate increased with increasing pH and temperature, and TCE removal followed the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The results demonstrate the great potential of S-nZVI/GA composite as a low-cost, easily separated and superior monolithic adsorbent for removal of organic pollutants.     

锆负载颗粒沸石改良底泥对水中磷酸盐的吸附行为

通过批量吸附实验考察了锆负载颗粒沸石改良底泥对水中磷酸盐的吸附特征,并采用分级提取法分析了被改良底泥中锆负载颗粒沸石所吸附磷酸盐的形态分布特征.结果发现,与Freundlich和Dubinin-Radushkevich模型相比,Langmuir模型可以更好地用于描述改良底泥对水中磷酸盐的吸附等温行为.改良底泥对水中磷酸盐的吸附动力学过程可以较好地采用准二级动力学模型和Elovich模型加以描述,膜扩散和颗粒内扩散共同构成了缓慢吸附阶段速率的限制步骤.溶液共存的SO_4~(2-)和HCO_3~-降低了改良底泥对水中磷酸盐的吸附,而共存的Na~+、K~+、Mg~(2+)和Ca~(2+)却增强了对磷酸盐的吸附,且Ca~(2+)的增强效果大于Mg~(2+),后者的增强效果又大于Na~+和K~+.改良底泥对水中磷酸盐的吸附能力明显强于未改良底泥,前者的最大单位吸附量为336 mg·kg~(-1),明显高于后者的最大单位吸附量(215 mg·kg~(-1)).被改良底泥中锆负载颗粒沸石所吸附的磷酸盐主要以较为稳定的NaOH-P和最为稳定的Res-P形态存在,不容易被重新释放出来.上述的研究结果显示,向底泥中添加锆负载颗粒沸石可以显著增加底泥对水中磷酸盐的吸附能力,锆负载颗粒沸石是一种有希望的可以用于底泥内源磷释放控制的底泥改良剂.     

颗粒活性炭促进高温厌氧消化的研究

近年来的研究表明,颗粒活性炭（GAC）可以通过种间电子传递（DIET）过程,来提高中温厌氧消化（MAD）产甲烷.然而,GAC是否能够提高高温厌氧消化（TAD）产甲烷,以及其促进产甲烷原理尚不明确.通过乙酸钠为基质的批试验研究了投加GAC对高温消化产甲烷的影响.批试验结果表明GAC的加入促进了高温消化效果.定量PCR结果表明GAC的加入对生物量的贡献微小,说明促进效果可能不是通过生物量实现的.高通量测序结果发现高温下添加GAC富集了Thermodesulfolbiaceae,Anaerobaculaceae,以及古菌Methanosacinacea.该研究推测GAC的促进作用可能与直接种间电子传递有关.