浅谈大淑村矿矿井水治理利用的新思路

为响应国家可持续发展和节能减排要求,实现建设富强矿区、和谐矿区、绿色矿区的奋斗目标,为解决大淑村矿的用水需求问题,通过调研分析和研究创新,实施了矿井水治理利用新举措,采用混凝、澄清、过滤、消毒工艺处理矿井水,出水综合利用作为矿区生产和生活用水。通过矿井水处理和综合利用的实施,解决了大淑村矿的缺水问题和过度开采地下水源井水带来的环境问题,实现了矿井“出水不排水”的环保生态目标,树立了企业良好的环保形象．促进了企业绿色矿山的顺利建设。     

从环境伦理学角度审视绿色消费——以苏州为例

文章基于消费和环境的关系,从绿色消费的概念出发,分析了在绿色消费中,环境伦理学的重要作用在于引导人们正确认识人与自然的关系,人与人的关系,以及以人为本的理念。以苏州为例,通过问卷调查,采用环境价值观和环境利益导向型绿色消费认知,来测量个人环境伦理观对绿色消费的影响。通过模型分析,结果表明:环境利益导向型绿色消费认知与绿色消费态度,环境价值观和环境利益导向型的绿色消费认知显著正相关。     

贵州省发展绿色金融的思考与建议

本文主要研究的是作为内陆省份的贵州长期经济欠发达,工业落后,金融产业也没有得到蓬勃发展,而近几年兴起的"绿色金融",即将环境保护、可持续发展纳入银行贷款及审批过程,有望改善贵州的金融行业现状,并促使其得到健康持续的发展。当然,发展"绿色金融"也有赖于政府的牵头与推动,完善银行准入及考核机制,并制定推出相关法律法规。本文从贵州的金融发展现状展开分析,并对"绿色金融"的概念与目前的发展现状进行梳理探讨,最后提出发展"绿色金融"的几点建议以供参考。     

退耕还林还草工程区域生态环境质量评价初探——以太仆寺旗为例

以太仆寺旗为退耕还林还草工程的典型区域,通过2000年和2008年TM遥感影像,提取了研究区两年度的土地利用现状数据,并对研究区生态环境质量作出评价。评价结果为,1）2008年较2000年,林地、草地、水域湿地、建设用地面积有增加,耕地、未利用土地面积减少了;2）高功能组分指数增加了,草地生态系统生产力、耕地面积比指数、未利用地面积比指数均下降;3）土地利用格局和生态环境质量指数的变化均反映了退耕还林还草工程的实施对改善研究区生态环境质量的生态效益。     

环境因素对大肠杆菌REP-PCR指纹图谱稳定性影响研究

大肠杆菌作为粪便污染指示生物,其DNA指纹图谱稳定性是制约微生物污染源识别技术发展的瓶颈之一.本研究采用绿色荧光蛋白基因(GFP)标记后的Escherichia coli K12(K12GFP)为受试菌株,利用REP-PCR方法,对大肠杆菌在不同温度、光照、盐度条件下其DNA指纹图谱的稳定性进行了研究.结果表明,绿色荧...     

红外光谱技术结合聚类分析用于海洋绿藻分类研究

利用傅里叶红外光谱研究了10种南极绿藻和6种浒苔,结果显示,傅里叶变换红外光谱主要由蛋白质、脂类化合物及多糖的振动吸收带组成。通过比较两类绿藻原始谱图,发现它们极为相似,在2000～500 cm-1范围内,即多糖吸收区有较小的差别。选取2000～500 cm-1范围的一阶导数进行系统聚类分析。10种南极绿藻、6种浒苔按其红外一阶导数的内在数理统计规律划归两类,南极绿藻为一类,浒苔为一类。傅里叶变换红外光谱技术结合化学统计学方法,为海洋藻类的分类研究提供一种新的方法。     

城市河道岸坡的生态型修复研究

河道岸坡生态修复已成为建设生态文明城市的重要组成,在通过介绍河道岸坡发展历程、国内外城市河道岸坡改造动态以及现有河道岸坡的修复技术的基础上,提出城市河道岸坡生态型改造模式的建议,打造城市河道“绿色长廊”。     

河西走廊中部大气降水δ~(18)O变化特征及水汽输送

河西走廊中部地区气候条件特殊,小循环过程独特复杂,因而应用降水等各种水体中的氢氧稳定同位素信息来明晰水循环特征,成为近年较为常用的方法.利用GNIP张掖站点大气降水稳定同位素资料和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,通过研究张掖站11年大气降水的氢氧稳定同位素组成,建立了张掖局地大气降水线方程,结合西水、莺落峡、平川、正义峡4个辅助站点资料,分析了河西走廊中部地区氢氧稳定同位素的时间变化规律,并建立水汽输送模式.结果表明,除西水外,其余站点区域大气降水线方程的斜率与截距均低于全球和中国大气水线,说明河西走廊中部地区降水主要来源于大尺度水汽循环,局地蒸发较为强烈且降水过程中张掖站点的蒸发作用强于其他站点.河西走廊中部地区大气降水中δ18O与温度、水汽压之间呈现较为显著的正相关关系;在全年尺度下,降水量效应不明显;由于干旱区降水主要集中在气温较高的月份,在暖季,温度效应掩盖了降水量效应,使得降水量效应无法体现.对过量氘和水汽输送的研究表明,西风带的水汽输送为河西走廊中部地区提供了基本的水汽来源,西风带季节变化对其水汽输送通量散度和d值季节变化有直接的作用.从d值的变化来看,河西走廊中部具有明显的季节变化特征,暖季d值明显小于冷季,且呈现一种先降后升的变化趋势;从数值来看,暖季d值小于10‰的次数多于d值大于10‰的次数,冷季d值大于10‰的次数多于d值小于10‰的次数,说明冷季水汽在运行过程中受到地表水汽补给的作用明显.     

Regional Blue and Green Water Balances and Use by Selected Crops in the U.S.

The availability of freshwater is a prerequisite for municipal development and agricultural production, especially in the arid and semiarid portions of the western United States (U.S.). Agriculture is the leading user of water in the U.S. Agricultural water use can be partitioned into green (derived from rainfall) and blue water (irrigation). Blue water can be further subdivided by source. In this research, we develop a hydrologic balance by 8‐Digit Hydrologic Unit Code using a combination of Soil and Water Assessment Tool simulations and available human water use estimates. These data are used to partition agricultural groundwater usage by sustainability and surface water usage by local source or importation. These predictions coupled with reported agricultural yield data are used to predict the virtual water contained in each ton of corn, wheat, sorghum, and soybeans produced and its source. We estimate that these four crops consume 480 km³ of green water annually and 23 km³ of blue water, 12 km³ of which is from groundwater withdrawal. Regional trends in blue water use from groundwater depletion highlight heavy usage in the High Plains, and small pockets throughout the western U.S. This information is presented to inform water resources debate by estimating the cost of agricultural production in terms of water regionally. This research illustrates the variable water content of the crops we consume and export, and the source of that water.     

Green infrastructure and planning policy: a critical assessment

Advocates of the green infrastructure (GI) concept claim it offers a progressive planning approach that facilitates synergies between economic growth, environmental conservation and social development. Although widely endorsed by both planning practitioners and academics, little academic literature exists critically evaluating what GI entails or the potential implications of its institutionalisation within planning practice. This paper addresses this deficit by critically examining the interpretation and representation of the GI concept in planning policy. The paper first critically analyses international interpretations of GI. Following this, the particular attributes of GI's interpretation in the Republic of Ireland are investigated. The paper demonstrates how the emergence of GI in Ireland relates to broader debates on attempts to reconcile environmental concerns with development aspirations in planning policy. It is deduced that GI may represent an approach to planning policy formulation wherein habitat conservation initiatives are primarily designed and justified relative to the ecosystems services they are seen to provide to society. The paper also cautions against the risks posed by confining GI debates to the deliberations of technical specialist. The paper concludes by identifying some issues that may arise in the implementation of a GI approach and suggests ways to enhance the potential benefit of the concept's use in spatial planning.