绿洲农区土地可持续利用初步研究——以河西走廊临泽样区为例

土地可持续利用就是实现土地生产力的持续增长和稳定性 ,保证土地资源潜力和防止土地退化 ,并具有良好的社会效益和经济效益。本文以河西走廊临泽样区为例 ,以根据土系划分出的三种土地利用方式为研究对象 ,对其在土地可持续利用方面进行了定量化评价研究 ,在此基础上 ,提出了绿洲农区土地可持续利用途径     

关于工厂企业绿地建设的探讨：以宝钢为例

生态园林是现代城市绿化发展的趋势和方向。对于污染较为集中的工厂企业来主，绿地建设是环境保护的重要方面。而发展生态园林，走绿地的生态建设道路已成为工厂企业发化的有效途径。本文从生态园林的指导思想出发，结合宝钢的绿化实例，探讨了工厂企业在绿地建设方面的若干问题。     

Parental perception of social risk and of positive potentiality of outdoor autonomy for children: The development of two instruments

An important factor that limits children's autonomy outdoors is parental perception of social danger and traffic danger. To obtain quantitative instruments for these dimensions, this work aimed to explore the validity and reliability of three scales. Two of them describe, respectively, problematic aspects of the area of residence linked to traffic and situations of social degradation that could constitute risk factors for the child's psychological and physical safety (Traffic Danger Perception Scale, Social Danger Perception Scale). The third scale investigates parental perception of the positive potentiality of outdoor autonomy for children's maturation and growth. Interviews were conducted with 377 mothers of children between 8 and 10 years of age residing in six different areas in Italy. The results indicated weak reliability of the Traffic Danger Perception Scale, which requires further investigation, and they confirmed the reliability and the construct validity of the Social Danger Perception Scale and the Perception of Positive Potentiality of Outdoor Autonomy for Children Scale. The perception of social danger was higher in mothers who live in larger urban contexts and who have more personal fear of crime and a lower sense of community. The positive perception of children's autonomy of movement was higher among mothers who live in greener areas, who have a greater sense of community and who have more neighbourhood relations.     

清洁生产与绿色产业——临安市工业经济发展的必然选择

通过对清洁生产与绿色产业的阐述以及临安市社会经济发展现状的分析，指出临安市工业经济发展面临一次必然的选择，即以清洁生产与绿色产业为发展目标，并提出相应的一些设想和措施。     

绿色战略与企业绩效关系研究评述

本文从绿色战略的概念和动因出发,对绿色战略与企业绩效关系的理论和实证研究情况进行了评述。     

The Social Meaning of Carbon Dioxide Emission Trading Institutional Capacity Building for a Green Market in Costa Rica

Forests offer good possibilities for the sequestration of carbon dioxide. This service can be commodified by the introduction of carbon (dioxide) credits, which can be traded on a carbon market. The premise of this paper is that the traditional economic view on the construction of these carbon markets is a too simplistic one, particularly, because it neglects the social meaning of a carbon market for developing countries. From their viewpoint as suppliers of carbon credits such a market has a broader meaning. It must be seen as a social mechanism for improving both the living conditions of local people and a more encompassing improvement of the environment than climate as such. What initially might be labelled as a carbon market might better be understood as a more encompassing 'green market'. The agreement between Costa Rica and Norway, officially known as the Reforestation Conservation Activities Implemented Jointly Project (RFCAIJP) represents a clear example of a green market. In this paper, we study the development, characteristics and benefits of that market, asking the question what lessons can be learned from this first practical experiences. More specifically we focus on the conditions that have made this type of agreement successful.     

Pr-N共掺杂TiO2光电催化降解孔雀石绿动力学

以溶胶-凝胶法制备的Pr-N共掺杂TiO2催化剂为电极,在光电催化反应器中,研究了光电催化降解孔雀石绿的动力学过程.结果表明,孔雀石绿氧化降解速率与溶液的初始浓度、pH、外加电压及反应的温度有关,在初始浓度为10～30 mg.L-1、pH为3～8、电压1～5 V、温度为298～338 K的实验范围内,反应的氧化降解符合一级反应动力学模型且模型值与实验值吻合良好.模型中反应的初始反应活化能Ea为11.99 kJ.mol-1,说明反应较易进行;pH的反应级数1.634 7,远远高于电压的级数0.850 2及初始浓度的级数0.123 8,表明通过控制pH可有效地提高光电催化的氧化降解速率.     

核壳式磁性碳纳米吸附剂的制备及其对水环境中金霉素的吸附研究

采用水热法和热处理法制备了高比表面积的核壳式磁性碳纳米吸附剂(Fe3C/Fe@C).该吸附剂具有强磁性内核和石墨碳外壳.考察了Fe3C/Fe@C对水环境中金霉素(CTC)的去除能力.结果表明,Fe3C/Fe@C对CTC表现出极强的吸附性能,其吸附行为符合准二级动力学模型,24 h内吸附达到平衡.CTC的吸附能力随溶液pH(3.5～7.5)的增加而增加,但当pH在7.5～8.5时吸附能力下降.CTC的吸附随溶液温度的增加而降低,随离子强度的增加而增加.溶液中共存腐殖酸浓度为10～50mg.L-1时,CTC的吸附仅降低了10%～20%.在最佳条件下(pH=7.5,T=293 K),由Langmuir吸附模型拟合的CTC最大吸附容量为909 mg.g-1,该吸附容量远大于沉积物和矿物对CTC的吸附.吸附CTC后的Fe3C/Fe@C在磁场作用下可以快速从水样中收集,便于进一步处理,避免对环境的二次污染.这些结果表明,Fe3C/Fe@C可作为水环境中四环素类抗生素去除的一种潜在的高效、绿色吸附剂.     

全球绿色低碳发展与中国发展方式转型

文章论述了近代产业革命推动人类从经典低碳经济农牧业生产,走上以化石高碳能源为基础的高碳经济和传统工业化道路,高碳经济和传统工业化道路促进了人类社会物质文明、政治文明和精神文明建设,但造成了环境污染、生态退化和气候变暖生态文明三项负效应;文章阐述了美国和前苏联建成人类第一座规模化水电站和第一座原子能电站开辟低碳能源的历史贡献,以及英国创建低碳经济、日本建设低碳社会和联合国环境署实施绿色低碳发展主题行动对全球绿色低碳发展的深刻影响,归纳了全球绿色低碳发展的基本趋势和特征,最后论述了全球绿色低碳发展对中国发展方式转型的重要启示。     

Research on challenges and strategies for China’s green economy development

The last 20 years have been the fastest economic developing period of China,and China has made great economic achievements through undertaking international industrial transfer.However,undertaking international industrial transfer has brought about severe environmental problems to China and the process of undertaking international industry transfer is also a process of undertaking international transfer of natural resource consumption and environmental pollution.Nowadays,China has the heaviest ecological burden and highest environmental risk in the world,and is gradually losing international competitive advantages among traditional industries.China is facing unprecedented pressure of economic transformation.Besides the advantages like huge domestic demands and abundant civil capital,China faces more challenges in its green economy development.First,China is still in the middle of industrialization and urbanization processes,hence the huge demands for traditional industries will only last 10-15 more years.Meanwhile,China lacks core technologies for transforming traditional industries,which means these industries will have high shut-down risks.Second,the domestic market share for new green industries is limited,since the market is dominated by traditional energy industries.Third,the value of land,water,mineral,and other natural resources is extremely underestimated because the environmental cost is excluded from the enterprises’cost-benefit calculation.China should foster and expand green industries based on domestic demands,and then strive for competitive advantages in the international market in the future.Therefore,China should focus on the following four points in order to promote green industry development:establishing a forced-upgrading-mechanism for traditional industries,an incentive-development-mechanism for new green industries and a TFP-based(total factor productivity based)economic development evaluation system;promoting the integration of new-type urbanization,new emerging industries,and new employments;taking the model of"technology innovating-patent formulating-standard establishing-market guiding"to enhance the global competitiveness of China’s new emerging industries;and building green consumption patterns in the whole society.