HSE绿卡管理模式在HSE管理体系中的应用

结合健康、安全与环境(HSE)管理体系的实施,提出了HSE绿卡管理模式。利用该模式可以在不同阶段对不同岗位、不同专业的人员进行科学的及系统的HSE培训教育工作,对员工进行规范的HSE培训、考核与管理,从而有效地消除生产过程中人工操作的不安全行为。实际验证结果表明: HSE绿卡管理模式是实施HSE管理体系的有效措施,它为成功地实施健康、安全与环境管理体系提供了充足的人力“资源”基础,从而实现“以人为本”的现代管理体制。     

The fate of heavy metals in green waste composting

It has long been known that heavy metals, when in high enough concentration, have the potential to be both phytotoxic and zootoxic. Heavy metals are frequently found as contaminants in green waste. Any such waste that is subsequently segregated for composting theoretically has the potential to retain that possible contamination. To date, there have been a limited number of publications addressing this issue. Most reports have concentrated on the types of heavy metals found in compost and their acceptable levels, rather than the fate of heavy metal contaminants throughout the composting process. This investigation was aimed to identify the fate of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) concentrations throughout a fourteen week composting cycle. The results of this study showed a general increase in the removal of Pb, Cu, Cr, and to a much smaller extent Zn, manifested by a decrease in their overall concentrations within the solid fraction of the final product, by 93, 49, 43, and 20 percent respectively. By contrast, there was no decrease in the overall concentration of Cd.     

Bidirectional visibility

The percentage of the cross-sectional area of two objects (e.g., vehicles, hikers, or animals) that can be seen from each of their locations in a forested area is generally not the same. There is a directionality to the visibility between them. This is due to the relative positions and sizes of the vegetation and other view-blocking features between the objects. An analytical technique has been developed to help understand bidirectional visibility. Its use entails the construction of a visibility diagram containing the basic visibility information between observers in a given setting. An example is presented showing the use of the visibility diagram to determine visibility between two moving observers in a forested environment. The diagram is also used to determine the differences in the percentage each observer has of the other's visible cross-sectional area (bidirectional visibility). A discussion of the application of the technique in the planning or development of new facilities, as well as in forest and wildlife management, is provided.     

上市公司环境信息披露调查研究——基于公司高管的访谈

上市公司高管态度对企业环境信息披露会产生重要影响。为充分了解企业高管如何看待上市公司环境信息披露过程中涉及的环境信息沟通、披露制度、能力建设等多方面问题，本文对涉及第一、第二和第三产业的16家上市公司高管进行访谈调研。研究发现，多数高管视社会第三方机构对企业的环境信息需求为较大的潜在风险，非强制是上市公司环境信息选择性披露的主要原因，企业重视环保投资但信息公开能力建设不足，环境信息公开对企业价值影响较弱。本文提出编写环境信息公开指南及实施细则，提升企业环境信息公开的能力建设，拓展政府和社会组织对企业环境信息公开的奖励形式等建议。     

EFFECTS OF WOODY VEGETATION ON SANDY LEVEE INTEGRITY1

he influence of woody vegetation on the reliability of a sandy levee was investigated using field data in seepage and slope stability analyses. Field data were collected from selected sites within a 10-km segment of a channel levee on the Sacramento River near Elkhorn, California. Root architecture and distribution were determined using the profile-wall method in which root cross sections were exposed in the vertical wall of an excavated trench. Transects running both parallel and perpendicular to the crest of the levee were excavated at six sites. Each site was dominated by different plant species: five sites were adjacent to trees or woody shrubs, while one supported only herbaceous growth. Lateral plant roots were primarily restricted to, and modified, the near-surface soil horizons to a depth of approximately 1 meter. Root area ratios (RARs) did not exceed 2.02 percent and generally decreased exponentially with depth. At depths greater than 20 cm, mean RARs for sites dominated by wood species were not significantly different from the mean RAB for the herbaceous site. No open voids clearly attributable to plant roots were observed. Roots reinforced the levee soil and increased shear resistance in a measurable manner. Infinite slope and circular arc stability analyses were performed on the landward and riverward slopes under different hydraulic loading conditions. Infinite slope analyses indicated increasing root area ratio from 0.01 percent to 1 percent increased the factor of safety from less than one to more than seven. Circular arc analyses indicated that even the lower measured root concentrations sufficed to increase safety factors for arcs with maximum depths of about 1 m from less than one to about 1.2. Our findings suggest that allowing woody shrubs and small trees on levees would provide environmental benefits and would enhance structural integrity without the hazards associated with large trees such as wind-throwing.     

企业推广ISO14000的瓶颈及营销对策

分析了企业推广实施ISO14000的表现特征和制约"瓶颈",提出ISO14000认证企业必须倡导绿色营销战略。     

ECONOMIC GROWTH THROUGH WATER RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT: INDIA1

ABSTRACT India's multidimensional water development programs have contributed significantly to the promotion of the country's economic growth. Rapid growth of irrigation has substantially increased agricultural production. Hydro power generation has doubled during the last two decades, and this has accelerated industrialization and extended rural electrification. Minor irrigation has taken on a new importance in the Fourth Five Year Plan, signifying a departure from the earlier Plans. “Green Revolution” owes a large measure of its success to the availability of assured water supplies. Water development projects have also generated tremendous employment opportunities. Despite its pronounced impact on the economy, India's water planning strategy has some glaring weaknesses: the failure to incorporate “indirect benefits” in cost-benefit calculations; the under-utilization of water potential; and, the progressive increase in the cost of irrigating an acre of land. The prevailing institutional structure in India constitutes a major deterrent to the diffusion of the benefits of water development. There are stubborn psychological factors which render the adoption of innovative irrigation practices difficult. There is thus an overwhelming need to revamp India's institutional framework. On balance, however, water development in India has made its impact felt on India's myriads of villages. And from the arid “dust bowls” of India new life has emerged.     

绿色食品在可持续发展战略中的地位和作用

本文以一系列详实的数据,介绍了当今世界遭受环境灾难的事实,从环境保护的角度阐明了发展绿色食品、实施绿色食品工程在可持续发展战略中的重要地位和作用     

近35a来广州城市绿色空间及破碎化时空分异

伴随城市化进程的加快,绿色空间作为城市基础性要素之一,其稀缺性和作用日益凸显。论文以1979—2014年为研究时段,基于覆盖广州市域的7个时相Landsat影像获取城市绿色空间的信息,首先分析城市绿色空间数量变化与强度,再从研究区整体、境内各行政区单元和自中心城区向外人为划定的梯度景观等不同尺度对绿色空间破碎化的时空分异进行量化研究。得到以下主要结论:城市空间自中心向外扩展蔓延;城市绿色空间总量在研究始末变化不大,但随不同的时段呈起伏变化,其中1979—1990、2000—2005年间增幅较大,分别为2.3%和5.3%,1990—2000年则降幅较大,为-2.7%。绿色空间破碎化的时空差异明显,研究区绿色空间破碎化波动变化,呈减少(1990—2000年)—增加(2000—2005年)—减少(2005—2014年)之态势;而行政区的尺度上,与中心区毗邻的番禺、白云和花都区的阶段性特点突出,破碎化程度较大;在自中心区向外围的圈层梯度景观,也同样呈现阶段性变化特点。表明经济发展与对绿色空间的重视未尽同步,未来城市的可持续发展必须足够重视和优化绿色空间。     

太湖流域治理3.0路径研究

基于对太湖流域治理不同发展阶段的实践分析,对环境库茨涅兹曲线和太湖流域水质变化对应的规律性分析,指出太湖流域治理已经进入3.0时代.文章围绕十八届五中全会提出的“创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享”发展理念,结合国家和江苏省“十三五”水污染防治行动计划要求以及地方实践需求,提出太湖治理3.0阶段应该在流域治理体制机制创新、环境经济和城乡统筹协调,生产及生活方式绿色转型、公众参与和生态文明建设成果共享等五个方面的具体目标和措施建议.