糖蜜酒精废水两相UASB处理工艺的酸化段特征

文章考察了糖蜜酒精废水二相UASB处理工艺的酸化段特征 ,试验结果表明酸化段的容积负荷达到3 0kgCOD/m3 时 ,系统仍能正常运行 ,TOC去除率在 3 5%以上 ,酸化段的SO4 2 -去除率在 70 %。糖蜜酒精废水酸化率在 50 % ,二相厌氧生物处理系统并未将产酸微生物与产甲烷微生物截然分开 ,在产酸相中仍含有一定数量的产甲烷菌。     

Strategies used to Guide the Design and Implementation of a National River Monitoring Programme in South Africa

This article explores the strategies that were, and are being, used to facilitate the transition from scientific developmentto operational application of the South African River Health Programme (RHP). Theoretical models from the field of the management of technology are used to provide insight into the dynamics that influence the relationship between the creation and application of environmental programmes, and the RHP in particular. Four key components of the RHP design are analysed,namely the (a) guiding team, (b) concepts, tools and methods, (c) infra-structural innovations and (d) communication. These key components evolved over three broad life stages of the programme, which are called the design, growth and anchoring stages.     

城市绿地防灾规划建设和管理探讨——基于四川汶川大地震的思考

随着我国城市规模的急速扩张和人口密度的过度集中,健全城市防灾系统已成为刻不容缓的艰巨任务.城市绿地作为城市防灾系统的重要组成部分,不仅具有生态、景观、游憩和文化功能,还具有突出的防灾避险功能.通过分析成都、都江堰等四川汶川地震受灾城市绿地的使用情况,结合对北京市部分作为应急避难场所的公园建设和使用情况的实地调查,总结认为我国城市绿地防灾规划建设和管理现阶段存在的主要问题是:①对城市绿地的防灾避险功能认识不足;②适合用于防灾的城市绿地总量不足,分布不均;③用于防灾的城市绿地防灾配套设施及功能有待完善.最后从建立城市绿地防灾规划体系,明确城市绿地防灾建设工作重点和优化城市绿地防灾管理体制三个方面探讨如何对城市绿地防灾规划建设和管理进行优化,从而达到加强我国城市绿地防灾功能,完善城市防灾系统的目的.     

水葫芦资源化处置与综合利用研究评述

水葫芦（凤眼莲）是一种源自南美的浮水植物。由于人为引入,水葫芦已经遍布整个热带、亚热带地区,带来了诸如鱼类减产、影响捕鱼、堵塞航道等问题。水葫芦木质素、纤维素含量高,含水率大,因此处置处理困难;同时由于水葫芦种子存活时间长、繁殖速度快,所以水葫芦的控制至今仍是个难题。简要阐述了水葫芦的生物学特性及现有的控制方法;对水葫芦的化学组成研究进行了总结;将其资源化处置方式归纳为制备燃料（固体燃料、液体燃料及气体燃料）、饲料（干饲料、青贮饲料）和肥料（有机肥、绿肥）３种方式,在对各项技术分别评述的基础上进行了比较。提出制备沼气燃料和有机肥是水葫芦目前较有前景的利用方式。但对于农村地区的水葫芦处置来说,简易的堆肥和绿肥还田是更为合适的处置方式。     

科学构建化工园区安全生产长效机制的关键要素

针对我国化工园区的发展现状和存在的问题,结合本质安全等现代先进安全管理理念,系统地分析了强化化工园区安全生产长效机制关键要素的手段和措施,为提高化工园区和相关行业的安全管理现状提供了科学依据。指出当前强化园区总体规划和布局论证以及严格执行园区准入制度的重要性;阐明建设项目本质安全化是重要关键所在,应通过在项目构建的不同阶段,分步实施本质安全化设计策略;考虑到园区重大事故多米诺效应概率显著增加,理论研究确定了爆炸和火灾触发多米诺效应的概率和临界距离;特别强调重大危险源的控制和管理是核心问题,提出了园区重大危险源的三级安全管理模式和园区应急资源评估模式。     

信息可视化在化工企业大气环境影响评价中的研究及应用

运用data system.exe技术,提出大气环境影响评价信息可视化软件的设计方法,建立了大气环境污染因子数据信息可视化模型,应用该成果对某石油化工企业大气环境进行初步风险评价,结果表明:通过输入大气环境污染因子监测值,系统可自动判定大气环境的污染程度,并把对应环境质量的级别、环境的安全程度以及污染对人体与生物的影响程度在图中显示出来,能有效地提高环境影响评价的可靠度。该软件能在识别污染因子数据信息的同时生成与之相匹配的直观的模拟环境图像,有助于管理者进行及时分析与决策,建立的环境污染因子数据信息可视化软件具有很强的适用性。同时对政府部门制定环保工作决策具有重要的参考价值。     

Assessment of outdoor school environments and physical activity in Ankara's primary schools

Outdoor school environments are sites for play and physical activity for many children, and shortcomings within these environments are considered significant factors that contribute to children's inactive lifestyles and high levels of childhood obesity. This study explores the associations between the physical characteristics of schoolyards and the physical activity of third and fourth year students in five Turkish primary schools. Data were collected through multiple methods, including behavior mapping of student activities during recess, physical assessments of schoolyards, and interviews with students, teachers and administrations. The findings show similarities in the landscape features and physical qualities of schoolyards, particularly in the types of play and activities in which students engage. Results indicated that active students who walk to and from schools have lower body mass index (BMI) values than passive students, and students in schools with larger yards have lower BMI values. Most of the students prefer spacious and vegetated yards. A major concern is the crowdedness of the yards during recess that limit children's activity. Schoolyards with advanced landscape features are preferred more, and this in turn affects students’ positive satisfaction. Outdoor school environments have a correlation to health outcomes and should be designed to promote more activity. Improving the physical and landscape qualities of the public schoolyards should be the primary concern of the designers in order to increase awareness of natural environment and more important, increase the health of children.     

伊犁河谷生态旅游形象定位及产品设计

生态旅游资源是生态旅游开发的基础,但拥有旅游资源并不等于就拥有旅游产品,旅游资源要成为旅游产品,还必须根据市场需求进行形象设计、加工和再创造。伊犁河谷具有得天独厚的生态环境和世所罕见的生物多样性特征,是开发生态旅游产品、发展生态旅游的理想之地。以伊犁河谷生态旅游源为基础,塑造伊犁河谷生态旅游形象,设计开发特色生态旅游产品。     

金华生态建筑的设计

金华生态建筑是自身良性循环的绿色建筑物,有3个特点,即屋顶覆土种植或养殖或设太阳能装置,地下设有以净化生活污水为主要目的沼气净化池,墙体垂直绿化,这三者缺不一可,但可单项利用,它有节土,节水,节能和经济,环境,社会产益协调统一这两大优点。     

有机污染土壤通风去污技术优化设计

有机污染土壤通风去污技术（SVE）是一种经济,安全的场内治理技术,SVE优化设计包括建立污染土壤通风去污模型和抽排去污流场模型,并以此为基础算工程费用,用一虚拟工况对提出的模型及计算公式进行了验证。