绿色屋面降雨径流水质源汇特征及污染源解析

2016年4月-2017年10月对93场降雨事件绿色屋面径流、沥青屋面径流和干湿沉降进行采样分析,运用多元统计方法,基于径流水质浓度和污染负荷两种角度,重点揭示绿色屋面径流水质的源汇特征,识别绿色屋面对降雨径流的滞留能力及影响因素,探讨了绿色屋面径流的污染来源.结果表明:绿色屋面具有很好的径流滞留效果,平均径流滞留率达...     

Green jobs for the disadvantaged in British Columbia: the perspectives of non-governmental organisations and social entrepreneurs

This paper examines the actions and potential of green jobs for the disadvantaged, from the perspective of non-governmental organisations and social entrepreneurs. The populations of interest include: low-income, developmentally challenged, those with mental health or addiction issues, women, and First Nations. Findings indicate that green businesses and social entrepreneurs have uniquely engaged in social training and hiring strategies related to green jobs. The major challenges they face include a lack of policies that support the development of green jobs through social training and hiring. As a result of these findings, an argument is made for combining job and life skills for both disadvantaged populations and the agencies that serve them as well as building the capacity of employers to practise social hiring.     

Assessing impacts on urban greenspace,waterways, and vegetation in urban planning

Parks, waterways, and vegetation enhance the well-being of urbanites and thus warrant consideration in planning and policy-making. It is, however, difficult to assess how land-use change may impact these features and how this in turn may impact well-being. I use a case-study approach to present a framework that combines geospatial and economic valuation techniques to generate indicators of the effects of land-use policies that alter these amenities on community well-being. This framework quantifies the impacts of land-use change on urban environmental amenities in a way that could help communities plan land use so as to maintain well-being as they urbanise.     

Genotoxic effects of microcystins mediated by nitric oxide and mitochondria

<正>Microcystins are potent toxins,produced naturally by cyanobacteria(blue green algae),and they present significant threats to human and animal health(WHO,1999;Chorus,2001;Carmichael et al.,2001;Falconer,2005;IARC,2010;Ma et al.,2015).These cyclic peptides consist of five common core amino     

城市绿色文明和绿色文化的定义、特征及内涵

本文详细论述了生态文明的定史、特征及内涵,简述了我国建设生态文明城市面临的问题。论述了生态文化的定义、内容和特点,建议在生态城市建设中应加强生态文化建设。最后指出绿色消费将成为21世纪的主流。     

城市绿化遥感中建筑物遮蔽面积校正模型研究

城市高楼林立,建筑物阴影及投影误差会对城市绿地产生遮蔽,从而影响城市绿化遥感调查的结果。城市绿化遥感建筑物遮蔽校正是根据研究区内建筑物的位置、高度以及遥感图像的成像参数计算区域内建筑物遮蔽面积,并估算遮蔽面积中绿地比例,在此基础上,对原有的城市绿化遥感调查的面积进行校正。在分析城市绿化遥感中常用遥感数据成像特点的基础上,推导出投影误差造成的遮蔽面积公式,建立遥感遮蔽校正模型。并以上海市长桥五村为研究区域进行绿地面积、绿化覆盖率遥感校正,结果表明校正后的绿化覆盖率精度提高4%～5%。     

绿色高分子及其发展现状

本文介绍了高分子材料的用途及造成的危害,指出研究和使用绿色高分子材料的紧迫性和重要性,绿色高分子的要求、制造和应用,同时叙述了目前绿色高分子领域取得的进展和成就。     

城市生态补偿能力衡量和应用

城市生态补偿在城乡开发、城市规划等许多工作中具有重要的意义。为衡量城市生态补偿能力,本文提出了绿当量的概念,并以济南市为例,探讨了对二氧化碳、降尘和二氧化硫的生态补偿方法。根据实际情况,以街道办事处为单元评价济南市内现有绿地的生态补偿能力,并根据环境目标的要求,提出了各办事处需增加的公共绿地面积,为制定市区公共绿地配置规划提供了依据。计算结果表明,从总体上说,济南市现有的绿色植物可补偿济南市排放到大气中的二氧化碳的22.3％,二氧化硫的23.1％;其总吸尘能力略大于年排尘能力。绿当量概念和计算方法在济南市城区公共绿地配置规划中的成功应用,表明它可对其它城市绿地生态补偿能力的评价和城市环境规划的制定发挥指导和借鉴作用。     

Effects of Two Amphibian Pathogens on the Developmental Stability of Green Frogs

Abstract: Developmental instability, measured as fluctuating asymmetry (FA), is often used as a tool to measure stress and the overall quality of organisms. Under FA, it is assumed that control of symmetry during development is costly and that under stress the trajectory of development is disturbed, resulting in asymmetric morphologies. Amphibian emergent infectious diseases (EIDs), such as Ranavirus and chytrid fungus, have been involved in several mortality events, which makes them stressors and allows for the study of FA. We analyzed nine populations of green frogs (Rana clamitans) for the presence or absence of Ranavirus and chytrid fungus. Individuals were measured to determine levels of FA in seven traits under the hypothesis that FA is more likely to be observed in individuals infected by the pathogens. Significantly higher levels of FA were found in individuals with Ranavirus compared with uninfected individuals among all populations and all traits. We did not observe FA in individuals infected with chytrid fungus for any of the traits measured. Additionally, we observed a significant association between Ranavirus infection and levels of FA in both males and females, which may indicate this viral disease is likely to affect both sexes during development. Altogether, our results indicate that some EIDs may have far‐reaching and nonlethal effects on individual development and populations harboring such diseases and that FA can be used as a conservation tool to identify populations subject to such a stress.     

科技支撑美丽中国建设的进展和展望

自党的十八大提出美丽中国建设目标以来,为发挥好科技支撑作用,国家组织开展了一系列关于资源、生态和环境等领域的科技计划,有效支撑了美丽中国建设的理论探索、生态环境保护修复和生态文明体制建设决策支持等方面的科技需求。本文在梳理过去十年国际及发达国家生态环境领域科技研发布局情况,以及我国相关领域科技研发计划和推进情况的基础上,重点介绍了中国科学院“美丽中国生态文明建设科技工程”战略性先导科技专项（A类）的主要研发内容及取得的阶段进展,并基于现状与期望分析,辨识有关领域科技前沿动态与发展趋势,提出关于下一步科技发展方向的建议,以期为党的二十大之后科技推进美丽中国建设的方向提供参考。