酸洗对铁屑处理地下水中硝酸盐的影响

以人工配置含硝酸钠地下水为研究对象,采用静态烧杯试验研究了铁粉表面酸洗对靖酸盐氮的去除的影响。研究表明在试验条件下铁屑表面经过酸洗后,硝酸盐去除率可提高10％左右。采用扫描电镜（SEM）对酸洗前后的铁粉进行表面特征扫描分析表明酸洗前后表面存在很大差异,酸洗可去除铁屑表面的氧化层,从而增加铁屑与硝酸盐反应的比表面积,提高其反应效率。研究表明在应用工业铁屑现场修复地下水硝酸盐污染时,应考虑铁屑表面的酸洗处理。     

废旧轮胎的热能利用和热分解

对废旧轮胎的热能利用和热分解技术进行了综述。热能利用介绍了作为锅炉燃料和水泥燃料使用;热分解介绍了制备液体燃料和炭黑。     

金融危机下我国废钢供求回顾与展望

国际金融危机对我国废钢市场影响巨大,市场需求萎缩,价格急剧下跌。总结回顾了2008年我国废钢市场回收、消费概况及其主要特点,并对2009年我国废钢回收量、价格走向以及再生资源增值税政策的调整实施等相关问题进行分析讨论。     

Laboratory simulation of SO2 heterogeneous reactions on hematite surface under di erent SO2 concentrations

The variations of sulfate formation and optical coe cients during SO2 heterogeneous reactions on hematite surface under di erent SO2 concentrations were examined using in situ di use reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) and ion chromatograph (IC). Laboratory experiments revealed that within ambient SO2 of 0.51–18.6 ppmv, sulfate product, producing velocity, absorption and backward scattering coe cients showed an increasing trend with SO2 concentration. Under given SO2 concentration, the velocity of sulfate producing performed an evolution of initial increasing, midterm decreasing and final stabilizing. The reactive uptake and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) uptake coe cients of heterogeneous reactions rose with SO2 and exhibited high reactivities. Considering global warming, this result is important for the knowledge of heterogeneous reactions of SO2 on mineral particle surface in the atmosphere and the assessment of their impacts on radiative forcing.     

“双碳”目标下钢铁行业控煤降碳路线图

钢铁行业的低碳绿色转型和率先煤耗和碳排放达峰,将对我国实现整体碳达峰目标和经济高质量发展作出重要贡献.基于碳排放-能源集成模型,对我国钢铁行业"双碳"目标下控煤降碳路径开展情景研究.结果表明,我国钢铁行业很有可能在"十四五"前期实现碳达峰,峰值16.4~16.7亿t （含过程和间接排放）,作为主要消费能源的煤炭也将一起达峰,峰值4.6~4.7亿t标煤（含焦炭）,在最激进的强化情景2035年煤炭消费和碳排放将降至2020年的38%和49%;粗钢产量很大程度上主导了钢铁行业的碳达峰进程,推进全废钢电炉短流程和加大废钢利用是碳达峰阶段最主要的控煤降碳措施.基于预测结果提出的钢铁行业控煤降碳路线图显示,需求侧方面,粗钢产量在不考虑"双碳"目标约束的情况下也会随工业化、城镇化水平逐渐达到发达国家水平而达到峰值并开始下降,新能源相关基础设施建设在实现碳中和期间带来的钢材需求增长体量相对有限;技术进步方面,推广长流程节能降碳技术应用是短期内性价比较高的措施,应重点推进高炉高效喷煤等技术的应用,同时增大高炉球团矿平均配比,远期碳捕集封存技术将具有较大的碳减排潜力;产能结构方面,推进全废钢电炉短流程是钢铁行业在碳达峰阶段的主要措施,到"十四五"末期电炉钢占比将提高至15%~20%,在碳中和目标下氢冶金是唯一具有超低碳排放潜力的生产工艺,在未来随着可再生能源或余热余能生产的绿氢供应量提高,氢冶金将成为与基于废钢的电炉短流程并重的钢铁生产工艺.     

Leaching of elements from flue dust produced in copper scrap smelting process

To understand the features and leaching characteristics of copper (Cu) scrap smelting dust and its potential risk to environment and humans, three types of smelting dust were sampled and investigated. The dust samples were collected from the dust captured by cyclone collector, panel cooler, and bag house in a typical Cu scrap smelting process of a factory in Guangxi of China. Zinc (Zn), Cu and lead (Pb) were the main elements of the samples of cyclone collector dust (CCD), panel cooler dust (PCD), and bag house dust (BHD). There were less arsenic (As), Pb and Cu in CCD than PCD and BHD, and PCD contained more manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), and iron (Fe) than BHD. The particle shapes of BHD appeared more regular than CCD and PCD, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis illustrated the compositions of selected surface areas of three samples. The size of particles ranged from 0.011 to 33.11 μm in CCD, from less than 1 μm to several mm in PCD, and from 0.832 to 363.078 μm in BHD. The main elements in leachate were Zn and Mn from CCD, Zn, cadmium (Cd) and Pb from PCD, Zn, Mn and Cd from BHD. The leaching toxicity risk of Cd, Mn, and Zn of PCD and BHD was higher than CCD.     

磁赤铁矿/多羧基有机酸体系中五氯酚的异相光化学降解

自然界广泛存在的铁氧化物与多羧基有机酸在光照条件下能够由内源自身生成活性物过氧化氢,构成异相类Fenton体系降解污染物.在实验室构建了由磁赤铁矿和多羧基有机酸组成的光化学体系,研究了五氯酚在此体系中的降解和脱氯.结果表明,五氯酚在此异相光化学体系中的降解效率受波长范围、有机酸种类和氧气的显著影响.在UV-A波长范围,五氯酚具有较高的光降解效率.草酸能够显著促进五氯酚在磁赤铁矿中的异相光降解,但柠檬酸不具有此作用.氧气是体系中生成各种含氧活性物的必要条件.五氯酚在此体系中的降解遵循一级反应动力学.最佳实验条件下,五氯酚1 h的降解率可达80%以上,脱氯率可达35%以上.对体系主要活性物过氧化氧的定量研究较好的解释了体系在各种条件下的活性差异.     

一种高效废铝再生熔炼炉

高效铝屑再生熔炼炉主要由熔化室、循环泵、加料井、循环管路四部分组成。该炉采用循环泵为铝液流动提供动力,使铝液在特殊结构的加料井中形成非接触式漩涡。该漩涡强度大,对铝屑的沉熔效果好,铝屑氧化烧损小,是一种技术先进、高效的铝屑再生熔炼炉。     

基于Profibus-DP的废钢破碎线控制系统设计与实现

江苏鼎豪再生资源设备有限公司2012年成功开发了大型废钢破碎线,采用PLC并基于Profibus-DP总线构成监督控制与采集（SCADA）系统。用模糊控制思想实现了破碎机的自动加料控制,并采用组态软件WINCC开发了操作、监控界面,在控制室实现了对整条破碎生产线进行控制与监控。     

欧盟各国废钢铁用量和国际贸易

近年来,欧盟各国的废钢铁贸易十分活跃。根据《欧盟27国废钢铁贸易统计》2012的统计,列出欧盟各国2010年的粗钢产量、炼钢用废钢量、国际贸易量以及欧盟成员国之间的废钢铁贸易量,供行业参考。