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571.
《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(5-6):765-777
Abstract Four methods were developed for the analysis of fluroxypyr in soil samples from oil palm plantations. The first method involved the extraction of the herbicide with 0.05 M NaOH in methanol followed by purification using acid base partition. The concentrated material was subjected to derivatization and then cleaning process using a florisil column and finally analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) equipped with electron capture detector (ECD). By this method, the recovery of fluroxypyr from the spiked soil ranged from 70 to 104% with the minimum detection limit at 5 µg/kg. The second method involved solid liquid extraction of fluroxypyr using a horizontal shaker followed by quantification using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) equipped with UV detector. The recovery of fluroxypyr using this method, ranged from 80 to 120% when the soil was spiked with fluroxypyr at 0.1–0.2 µg/g soil. In the third method, the recovery of fluroxypyr was determined by solid liquid extraction using an ultrasonic bath. The recovery of fluroxypyr at spiking levels of 4–50 µg/L ranged from 88 to 98% with relative standard deviations of 3.0–5.8% with a minimum detection limit of 4 µg/kg. In the fourth method, fluroxypyr was extracted using the solid liquid extraction method followed by the cleaning up step with OASIS® HLB (polyvinyl dibenzene). The recovery of fluroxypyr was between 91 and 95% with relative standard deviations of 4.2–6.2%, respectively. The limit of detection in method 4 was further improved to 1 µg/kg. When the weight of soil used was increased 4 fold, the recovery of fluroxypyr at spiking level of 1–50 µg/kg ranged from 82–107% with relative standard deviations of 0.5–4.7%. 相似文献
572.
K. Srinivasan K.L. Mahadevappa R. Radhakrishnamurty 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(3):339-349
Abstract In adult albino rats, maternal dietary. ß‐ and ?‐hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) intake during gestation upto 400 ppm level did not affect the number of litters produced. But about 50 and 100% pup mortality was found in 200 and 400 ppm ß ‐HCH group within 5 days of birth. Maternal mortality was observed in 800 ppm ß ‐HCH group during third week of gestation. The effect of maternal dietary intake of HCH isomers at 50 and 250 ppm level during gestation and/or lactation on perinatal development was also studied. The body weights and sizes of the newborn litters of mother rats exposed to dietary HCH isomers did not. differ from controls. Similarly, the growth and development of the litters of HCH exposed mother rats that survived 28 day lactation period were found to be comparable to controls as evidenced by the body weight and weight of vital organs. However, liver weight increases were found in the 28 day weaned litters wherever the mothers had been exposed to HCH isomers during lactation. Lowered kidney weight was seen in litters of mother rats fed 250 ppm ?‐HCH during gestation and lactation. The brain and testis weights were not affected in the litters of any experimental groups. 相似文献
573.
Keigo Akimoto Fuminori Sano Ayami Hayashi Takashi Homma Junichiro Oda Kenichi Wada Miyuki Nagashima Kohko Tokushige Toshimasa Tomoda 《Natural resources forum》2012,36(4):231-244
Many of the numerous difficult issues facing the world today involve relationships entailing trade‐offs and synergies. This study quantitatively assesses some alternative scenarios using integrated assessment models, and provides several indicators relating to sustainable development and climate change, such as indicators of income (per capita GDP), poverty, water stress, food access, sustainable energy use, energy security, and ocean acidification, with high consistencies among the indicators within a scenario. According to the analyses, economic growth helps improve many of the indicators for sustainable development. On the other hand, climate change will induce some severe impacts such as ocean acidification under a non‐climate intervention scenario (baseline scenario). Deep emission reductions, such as to 2°C above the pre‐industrial level, could cause some sustainable development indicators to worsen. There are complex trade‐offs between climate change mitigation levels and several sustainable development indicators. A delicately balanced approach to economic growth will be necessary for sustainable development and responses to climate change. 相似文献
574.
构建东部煤电化基地是继哈大齐工业走廊启动建设后,黑龙江省做出的一项重大战略部署。基地建设要求深入贯彻科学发展观,大力发展煤化工产业,实现全面、协调、可持续发展。全面协调发展不仅是经济的发展,同时也要考虑生态环境的保护。运用层次分析法和协调发展度模型,研究黑龙江东部煤电化基地经济和生态环境的协调发展程度表明,黑龙江东部煤电化基地经济和生态环境协调发展水平处于中等协调状况。针对评价结果,提出了相应的对策和建议。 相似文献
575.
大骨节病防治和扶贫开发试点工作涉及阿坝州的经济、社会、生态等各方面,且州内各县、乡、村情况各异,众多具体措施关系复杂。为了提高决策质量,使试点工作取得“优化举措、重点突破”的效果,应用AHP方法建立了定量模型。 相似文献
576.
577.
张家界溶洞旅游资源价值评价与开发研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
溶洞是重要的旅游资源,开发得当可获得良好经济效益,否则便会造成不可逆的资源破坏。以张家界溶洞资源为研究对象,在对溶洞资源基本情况进行调查的基础上,对溶洞的景观价值进行定量评价,并提出溶洞开发措施,为张家界市溶洞旅游的可持续开发利用提供理论依据。 相似文献
578.
本文确认了全球社会-生态问题(过度消费,道德危机)的主要根源并提出了新的可持续发展的愿景,重点要关注精神、道德、心理、生理和人的智力开发(而代替以消费为导主的理念)。讨论了人类发展指标不足所涉及到的因素(寿命预期、人均国内生产总值),提出了测量人类可持续发展的替代指标,即:健康人口的比例。生态效率也被建议作为转化可持续发展的必要条件,人的精神,根据生态中心立场(社会-生态幸福)。通过适当的教育和体制政策而实现环境和人类健康、公平和整个人类的发展。 相似文献
579.
本文从我国经济发展减速的角度出发对经济发展过程中存在的一些问题从哲理上进行了深层分析。对正确处理经济与环境,涌潮与突破,政府与市场,繁荣与危机结合具体情况进行了剖析。提出了"增长不是一切,适度发展是一切的基础"的论断。 相似文献
580.
Per Angelstam Kjell Andersson Maths Isacson Dmitri V. Gavrilov Robert Axelsson Mattias Bäckström Erik Degerman Marine Elbakidze Elena Yu. Kazakova-Apkarimova Lotta Sartz Stefan Sädbom Johan Törnblom 《Ambio》2013,42(2):146-159
Barriers and bridges to implement policies about sustainable development and sustainability commonly depend on the past development of social–ecological systems. Production of metals required integration of use of ore, streams for energy, and wood for bioenergy and construction, as well as of multiple societal actors. Focusing on the Swedish Bergslagen region as a case study we (1) describe the phases of natural resource use triggered by metallurgy, (2) the location and spatial extent of 22 definitions of Bergslagen divided into four zones as a proxy of cumulative pressure on landscapes, and (3) analyze the consequences for natural capital and society. We found clear gradients in industrial activity, stream alteration, and amount of natural forest from the core to the periphery of Bergslagen. Additionally, the legacy of top-down governance is linked to today’s poorly diversified business sector and thus municipal vulnerability. Comparing the Bergslagen case study with other similar regions in Russia and Germany, we discuss the usefulness of multiple case studies. 相似文献