学习借鉴,走跨越式发展之路

论述了为实现全面建设小康社会的发展目标，必须走跨越式发展之路。     

Impact of Land Use on Soluble Organic Nitrogen in Soil

Although it has been hypothesized that soluble organic nitrogen (SON) plays a central role in regulating productivity in some terrestrial ecosystems, the factors controlling the size of the SON pool in soil remain poorly understood. Therefore our principal aim in this work was to assess the impact of seven different land use systems (rough and managed grassland, deciduous and coniferous woodland, heathland, wetland and tilled land) on the size of the SON and inorganic N (NO ₃ ^– , NH ₄ ⁺ ) pools in the surface soil layer (0–15 cm). After extraction with deionised water, we found that in most cases the size of the water extractable organic N (WEON) pool was similar in size to the inorganic N pool. In contrast, the KCl extractable organic N (KClEON) pool constituted the dominant form of soluble N in soils under all land uses, perhaps indicating that significant amounts were held on the soil exchange phase. In contrast to inorganic N, which varied significantly with land use, the size of the KClEON and WEON pool was similar for all land uses with the exception of KClEON in tilled land, where significantly lower amounts were observed. We conclude that SON constitutes an important soil N pool in a broad range of land uses, and that its role in microbial N assimilation, plant nutrition and ecosystem responses to atmospheric N deposition warrants further attention. SAFRD, University of Newcastle, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 7RU, U.K.     

TRANSIENT RESPONSE FUNCTIONS FOR CONJUNCTIVE WATER MANAGEMENT IN THE SNAKE RIVER PLAIN,IDAHO1

ABSTRACT: Increasing demands on western water are causing a mounting need for the conjunctive management of surface water and ground water resources. Under western water law, the senior water rights holder has priority over the junior water rights holder in times of water shortage. Water managers have been reluctant to conjunctively manage surface water and ground water resources because of the difficulty of quantification of the impacts to surface water resources from ground water stresses. Impacts from ground water use can take years to propagate through an aquifer system. Prediction of the degree of impact to surface water resources over time and the spatial distribution of impacts is very difficult. Response functions mathematically describe the relationship between a unit ground water stress applied at a specific location and stream depletion or aquifer water level change elsewhere in the system. Response functions can be used to help quantify the spatial and temporal impacts to surface water resources caused by ground water pumping. This paper describes the theory of response functions and presents an application of transient response functions in the Snake River Plain, Idaho. Transient response functions can be used to facilitate the conjunctive management of surface and ground water not only in the eastern Snake River Plain basin, but also in similar basins throughout the western United States.     

农用改性硝酸铵拒爆机理及工业化可行性研究

对农用硝铵作改性处理,通过筛选和优化实验确定了改性硝酸铵配方。结果表明,当硝酸铵中添加3%的改性剂GXJ1,10%的改性剂GXJ2时,产品在1mm铁皮管约束下的雷管感度试验条件下具有拒爆特性。改性硝酸铵总养分与普通硝酸铵相当,并且颗粒强度高,不易粉化、结块和吸潮,具有优良的肥料品质。同时还利用X射线衍射分析、扫描电子显微镜分析对改性硝铵的拒爆机理作初步探讨。最终,建立了改性硝酸铵的脱水性能、流动性能、凝固性能、颗粒强度的评价方法,并进行了工业化可行性研究。     

作物秸秆资源的利用及其影响因素--以山西省夏县为例

作物秸秆资源的利用对提高食物安全,减轻环境污染,促进农业可持续发展具有重要意义.通过对农户的调查,分析了山西省夏县的秸秆利用途径,对该县秸秆利用现状进行了评价,并分析了造成这种现状的原因.结果表明,夏县作为典型的"小麦-玉米"二熟农作区,秸秆利用效率较高,其中小麦秸秆主要用于工业原料、饲料和还田,玉米秸秆则主要用于饲料和弃置堆放.这种利用方式与造纸业发展、传统的牲畜饲喂方式、农业机械化发展和气候特点有关.最后提出了进一步高效利用秸秆资源的建议.     

惠州市陈江镇土地定级暨基准地价评估与成果分析

2002年,陈江镇划归惠州市城区管辖,行政区划的改变给该镇的土地价格带来了明显变化.介绍了陈江镇土地定级与估价过程中资料的收集、评估参数的确定、估价技术方法的选择和土地定级的估价.在对比前后工业、商业、住宅用地的价格后,重点从级别范围的变动、地价体系的变化和地价水平三个方面详细分析了陈江镇的基准地价在行政区域变化前后土地价格变化的原因,并对基准地价与原惠州城区地价体系的衔接作了具体分析.     

伊宁市饮用水源地水质变化动态趋势分析

根据近10年的监测数据，对伊宁市饮用水源地水质变化进行动态趋势分析，无显著变化。     

和田河流域景观空间格局演变的初步分析

利用1990年、1999年TM和2002年中巴假彩色合成卫星遥感影像数据作主要信息源,经图像增强处理和解译,获得了和田河流域的区域土地利用景观类型图.采用景观生态学的方法,对研究区域进行土地利用景观空间格局演变进行了初步分析,并根据生态系统学基本理论,提出了综合利用水资源进行和田河流域生态环境整治的基本方案.     

运用环境心理学对城市地块的分析

当今城市规划理论正在变得越来越具有广泛综合性.除了传统的理论,例如城市设计、形态学等等,环境心理学也日益受到重视,成为一个具有影响力的元素,以期满足社会日益复杂的功能与心理需求,完善设计成果.     

溶出伏安法中电极的操作技术

电极性能的优劣是完成溶出伏安分析的关键,本文就三电极体系中电极的选择、处理、安装、使用、维护方法等方面作了较详细的说明和探讨,提高了方法的精密度和准确度,使溶出伏安法在海水分析中得到更好的应用.