天下称奇的五大连池天然火山博物馆

我国是世界上多火山国家之一，但现代火山（有历史记载的火山）仅有１０余座。五大连池火山群是最著名的现代火山景观之一，其火山景观素有天下称奇的天然火山博物馆之美称。这里以山奇、石美、水秀、泉甜、泥怪著称于世，火山喷发遗迹方圆 ７０ｋｍ~２，珠链般的五大连 池湖，环绕着火山熔岩分布，湖光山色把这座北国小城打扮得分外妖娆。每年迎来数以万计的 中外游客来此疗养旅游，已成我国著名的火山景观旅游疗养城市。     

景观生态学在旅游规划中的应用

应用景观生态学原理，分析在景观生态学指导下旅游规划的基本过程。提出了旅游规划的景观生态学原则：整体优化原则、多样性原则、综合效益原则、个性与特殊保护原则；以及景观生态学在旅游规划中的宏观应用与微观应用。指出旅游地景观生态规划是在景观水平层次上对旅游地的旅游景观、环境景观等所进行的一种规划，它本质上是一种包含“旅游”、“景观”、“生态”三方面的综合性规划，而景观生态学在旅游规划中的微观应用则主要体现在对景观结构要素斑-廊-基的具体设计上，全文深入探讨了“规划结合自然”的旅游规划的景观生态学途径。     

A taxonomy of metrics for testing the industrial ecology hypotheses and application to design of freezer insulation

Industrial ecology is sometimes referred to as the science of sustainability, but unlike mature sciences, it has yet to establish reliable modes of inquiry or a uniform framework for dialogue—partly because sustainability is difficult to characterize, and partly because industry–environment interactions are difficult to model quantitatively. A number of sustainability metrics have recently been proposed that partially address the quantification problem, but inevitably oversimplify the problem of sustainability characterization. This paper proposes an overarching taxonomy for classifying the quantitative criteria of sustainability as financial, thermodynamic, environmental, ecological, socio-political or aggregated. Several examples are presented. Pollution potential, which is an environmental metric related to the ideal thermodynamic work (of mixing) per mole required to remove pollutants from the environment, is discussed in particular. However, because no single metric can capture sustainability per se, industrial ecology may be limited to elucidating the trade-offs that exist between different types of complementary (rather than substitutable) criteria. The life cycle of polyurethane foam insulation in freezer applications is presented as a quantitative example of how different environmental criteria can lead to different design recommendations. Lastly, the framework proposed herein suggests a research agenda for industrial ecology, especially regarding the linkages between different measures of sustainability and cross-comparison of the investigative methods found in different sciences related to sustainability.     

应用NOAA／AVHRR遥感资料对大面积草场进行产草量定量估算的方法研究

本文选择我国北方典型草原区──内蒙古锡林郭勒草原为试验区，开展了利用ＮＯＡＡ／ＡＶＨＲＲ资料进行大面积草地产草量遥感定量估算方法的研究，从估产原理、植被指数选取、景观生态分区等方面，探讨了ＮＯＡＡ／ＡＶＨＲＲ资料应用于大面积估产和动态监测的可行性和具体途径，为提高估产精度，尝试了大气纠正、几何纠正、多时相数据最大值化处理等新的数据预处理方法，并结合了ＧＩＳ技术，结果表明，适宜的景观生态分区及必要的数据预处理是提高估产精度的基础。     

Landscape pattern and its effect on ecosystem functions in Seoul Metropolitan area: urban ecology on distribution of the naturalized plant species

During land transformation process in the human history,naturalized plants were introduced to several land use patterns by the different ways of plant itself .Including some naturalized plants that had been contribute to land restoration,many naturalized plants have been invaded to original habitat or landscape for native plants.Once the plants were colonized,they extend their area and population size.Urban developed areas often give an impotant role of source habitat for naturalized plants and expanding their popuation size.In recent,this tituation is appearing as one of environmental problems about the urban landscape management controlling the naturalized plants that invaded in the developed area and conserving the native vegetation.This paper is focusing on relationships between distribution of habitat of naturalized plants and landscape patch in urban area in Seoul.Gengdong-Gu ,one of the administrative areas in Seoul was selected for this study.We examined the recent land use change using LANDSAT TM data and spreading of the representative naturalized plants(Robinia pseudoacacia and Eupatorium rugosum)by Seoul Biotope Mapping Project and field survey in 1999.As a result,these two species were often occurred in the same habitat and distributed in forest edge disturbed by man.Their distribution patterns were related to landscape indices (patch size and shape)in the forest edge.     

Landscape ecological analysis of urban vegetation in Guangzhou, China

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景观生态学在国土空间治理中的应用

鉴于当前国土空间治理面临复杂的人类活动与自然环境相互作用而产生的生态风险与空间利用问题,基于景观生态学学科特质与生态文明建设要求,对当前国土空间治理工作进行梳理,归纳了明确的生态系统服务定位、高效的建成空间结构、适宜且多样的产业发展支撑、多等级的生态系统服务与安全保障等国土空间治理需求。同时,整合区域时空信息的理论基础与分析手段,提出景观生态学在国土空间治理中应落脚于：（1）识别并统一不同空间尺度的治理单元;（2）辨析并评估景观功能的空间分异;（3）构建基于生态风险防范的区域景观格局; （4）识别集约高效的城乡协调发展格局;（5）提出尺度联系的绿色发展架构;（6）明晰多级多样的生态保障方案。     

基于土地利用与景观格局的生态保护红线生态系统健康评价方法——以南京市为例

生态保护红线是生态功能极其重要或生态环境极为敏感/脆弱的区域,是生态保护的核心区域。以南京市生态保护红线为研究对象,基于2000年、2005年、2010年和2015年四期土地利用/覆被和遥感影像等数据资料,对生态保护红线的生态系统健康进行了评价。结果显示：（1）2015年南京市生态保护红线内不同类型土地利用面积由大到小依次为：林地、耕地、水域、人工表面、湿地和草地,其中林地面积最大并逐年增长,耕地面积逐年减少;（2）2000—2015年南京市生态保护红线生态系统健康指数平均值为53.83,生态保护红线的生态系统健康指数处于亚健康水平,并呈现缓慢增长的趋势;（3）陆域生态系统,特别是森林植被覆盖度较大的区域,生态系统健康指数较高,相反,水域生态系统的生态系统健康指数相对较低。     

长江三角洲国际重要湿地人为胁迫遥感解析

以长江三角洲上海崇明东滩鸟类国家级自然保护区、江苏大丰麋鹿国家级自然保护区、西溪国家湿地公园和江苏盐城国家级珍禽自然保护区4处国际重要湿地为研究对象,以Landsat MSS/TM/OLI遥感影像为基础信息源,采用面向对象的遥感分类方法获取了1980~2015年4个国际重要湿地（Ramsar）的5期土地覆被数据.通过分析湿地面积、景观格局动态及景观指数变化等,定量解析人类活动对湿地景观变化的影响,研究发现：（1）35a间,研究区内湿地面积持续减少,其中上海崇明东滩鸟类国家级自然保护区的湿地损失比例最高,为27.2%;（2）4个国际重要湿地的斑块数量和斑块密度都在增加,湿地趋于破碎化,景观间连通度降低.（3）耕地和人工表面增加是造成湿地损失的主要因素,耕地、人工表面、外来物种入侵和养殖池扩张等人为胁迫呈现上升趋势.（4）总体而言,入选国际重要湿地对人为活动有一定抑制作用,尤其是江苏大丰麋鹿国家级自然保护区湿地保护成效最为显著;但湿地保护有效性仍有待提升.     

鄱阳湖区景观格局季相变化及其优化调控研究

论文以自然属性确定的鄱阳湖区为例,基于景观生态学理论和GIS空间分析技术,定量描述和分析了鄱阳湖区景观格局的季相变化特征。研究结果表明：鄱阳湖区整体景观格局季节变化明显,枯水期较丰水期景观更加破碎,形状更加复杂,聚集程度更低,异质性水平更高;类别水平上,以滩地景观变化最为显著。枯水期和丰水期生态连通性也有较明显差异,枯水期景观生态连通性更差,景观单元间的生态阻力更大,生态流运行更加困难。在此基础上,借助最小累积耗费阻力模型和GIS空间分析模块,识别和构建了不同季相鄱阳湖区的源地、廊道（三类）、节点等生态组分,形成了“斑块-廊道-基质”模式的生态功能网络;并通过对不同季相景观格局优化组分的对比分析,辨识了年内能够持续发挥重大生态效益的景观组分,构建了更为合理的景观格局优化调控方案,以期增强鄱阳湖区景观网络的连通性,保障生态流的畅通运行,加强湖区生态系统的稳定性和可持续性,为鄱阳湖区生态规划和管理提供借鉴和参考。