Wasting collaboration potential: A study in urban green space governance in a post-transition country

Most accounts of urban green space governance originate in cities where such initiatives have been successful. Meanwhile, there is too little information on cities where such initiatives develop with more difficulty. In order to overcome the problems that such cities face, their situations need to be studied more carefully to facilitate peer comparisons. This article provides an account of urban green space governance in three cities in Poland (Krakow, Lodz, Poznan), where environmental protection is still quite far down on the list of political priorities. With the use of a social network analysis we looked at the extent of relationships between different stakeholders and the roles of different actors within the network. The results indicate that the network's collaboration potential is barely used and that cross-sectoral collaboration is especially deficient. In particular, public institutions hold a relatively strong position and downplay the role of other actors. More collaboration is necessary and the potential bridging role of NGOs should be used to a larger extent. However, this requires more openness and trust within the network.     

Advancing urban ecosystem governance in Rotterdam: From experimenting and evidence gathering to new ways for integrated planning

To improve quality of life as well as the adaptive capacity in the city of Rotterdam over the past 15 years there has been a lot of focus on improving green infrastructure and finding new ways for integrated planning. As many cities face similar challenges they are looking for novel approaches in urban ecosystem governance. The Rotterdam case can be an interesting example but can also reveal new questions to be researched.Before local policies and projects where developed a regional and urban green blue vision of how to improve overall quality of life using green infrastructure were developed. This provided policy frameworks for politicians, policymakers and other actors. Later on the same was done with Urban Waterplan 2, using the Rotterdam Watercity 2030 vision document as a basis. This vision was the result of a stakeholder based planning process which was made for the International Architecture Biennale 2005. Within these frameworks many interesting projects have been built and tested in the city and city region; ranging from a) a roof park over a railway yard to connect neighbourhoods to the waterfront, to b) water squares and c) digging new waterways with connected walking and biking routes. To go from projects to an overall implementation at city level required tools and approaches for better decision making. For the ‘Dakpark’ project as well as for the Zomerhofkwartier, the first climate proof neighbourhood in the city, stakeholder sessions were held and plans were drawn together with urban planners and landscape architects. To feed these processes even better and to know what would be an optimal solution for certain challenges, city data were studied and linked to scalable GIS mapping in the ‘smart city planner’. This tool gives the decision maker the possibility to quickly have an overview of an area and can be used in a stakeholder process to provide relevant additional information and to define joint projects. The tool makes it possible to do this for all 90 neighbourhoods in the city.Overall the urban ecosystem governance in the city of Rotterdam has – with trial and error- lead to a series of innovative projects. The next steps are acceleration and scaling up to city and regional level. Valuing the crucial role of green blue infrastructure for several aspects of the quality of life in cities are paramount.     

结构抗连锁倒塌问题研究

如何保证结构的整体性，并防止其局部破坏所造成的结构连锁倒塌问题，已经得到工程设计和研究者的广泛重视。近年来，欧美国家颁布了结构抗连锁倒塌设计标准，并提出抗连锁倒塌设计是结构多灾害防治的一种手段。改善结构的整体强劲性，是抗连锁倒塌设计主要解决的问题。通过对国内外连锁倒塌和结构整体强劲性研究发展状况的简要评述，主要介绍了连锁倒塌分析与整体强劲性的定义，讨论了整体强劲性分析和评价的不同方法以及改善整体强劲性的措施。最后，探讨了结构抗连锁倒塌与整体强劲性分析有待研究的问题。     

基于多源空间数据挖掘的区域生态基础设施识别模式研究

生态基础设施（EI）是区域生态安全的基本保障和区域环境承载的刚性底限。本文以此概念为切入点。结合以GIS、RS为代表的空间信息技术建构了区域生态基础设施空间结构识别的基本方法与技术路线。在具体的研究内容中，本文首先介绍了EI基本概念及其空间表现形式，并集中讨论了基本生态基础设施元素的空间结构识别模型与空间信息提取方法；在此基础上，应用多源空间数据挖掘原理构造了区域生态安全空间结构与区域IE结构的信息识别方法；结合区域基本的生态安全与IE元素空间结构特征，本文最后进行了广州市萝岗区实例研究。本研究结果表明利用空间信息技术进行区域IE空间结构识别是具有一定科学性的，高效可行的。     

ANALYZIIG RIPARIAN SITE CAPABILITY AND MANAGEMENT OPTIONS1

ABSTRACT: Riparian areas interact with aquatic and upland conditions and therefore help determine the degree of functionality (streambank stability, shade, sediment, and debris filtering) found in a watershed or catchment. Thus, conditions in riparian areas exert significant influence on water quality. Physical and biological factors (biophysical determinants) that influence these conditions and determine long‐term site ecology include topographic variables, geology, climate, soil texture, and others. These conditions are further modified by management infrastructure (roads, dikes, etc.). Our objective was to develop a system for evaluating site condition in relation to site capability. Since biophysical determinants and infrastructure interact with water quality, our first task was to acquire data concerning the spatial distribution of biophysical determinants and infrastructure constraints and to import them into a GIS system where they could be managed and processed. To expedite analysis, determinants and infrastructure constraints were placed into a hierarchy capable of isolating various site capability types. The hierarchy was designed to incorporate multiscale effects. Site capability areas are georeferenced in this process thereby enabling efficient monitoring and providing a way to focus management on those areas needing improvement. Study tasks included: (1) landscape characterization and hierarchy selection, (2) field assessment, (3) information management and data mining, and (4) information interpretation and adaptive management. This approach appears to be an effective way to isolate general ripananstandardsmaycon site conditions, to provide indications about water quality, and to create strategies necessary for alleviating water quality problems.     

关于环保基础设施债券化融资的设想

本文通过分析美国环保基础设施市场化融资中债券工具的应用,并结合我国实际情况,提出利用债券这一金融工具来解决环保基础设施融 资金中存在的障碍和问题,并提出了若干努力方向和具体措施。     

城市景观生态规划:生态基础设施建设与人文生态设计--以常州市为例

城市景观生态规划是景观生态学研完的领域之一，随着城市环境问题的出现，以及人们需求的提高，用景观生态设计理念来解决城市资源、环境和发展问题已成为当今社会的一个重要课题。本文以常州市为例，探讨以“生态基础设施建设”与“人文生态设计”为重要控制点的城市景观生态规划之路。     

Casualty treatment after earthquake disasters: development of a regional simulation model

This paper presents a new approach to the casualty treatment problem following a large-scale disaster, based on a mathematical model of how a regional health-care system responds to an earthquake event. The numbers and locations of casualties rescued alive, the scale of pre-hospital care, the post-earthquake hospital capacity, and the transport system are inputs to the model. The model simulates the movement of casualties from the stricken areas to hospitals. It predicts the number of casualties that die as well as other statistics about the health-care system response, such as waiting time before treatment. The model can be run with varying input assumptions to simulate alternative disaster response strategies. Preliminary runs demonstrate the potential of the model as a tool for planning and training.     

能源基础设施在推进生态工业园区建设中的作用研究——以浙江杭州湾上虞经济技术开发区为例

生态工业园区建设是工业领域加快经济方式转变,推进工业生态文明建设的重要组成部分.园区层面基础设施共享对推进园区生态化建设、构建产业共生具有重要的支撑作用.能源基础设施越来越多地在园区生态化发展中发挥着重要作用.以杭州湾上虞经济技术开发区为例,研究其2005年以来能源基础设施多功能化发展对推进园区生态化发展的作用.通过拓展能源基础设施的功能,引导热电企业成为解决环境问题的要素,在污泥干化焚烧、有机废气焚烧等方面充分发挥作用;同时逐步增加清洁能源和可再生能源的利用比例,减少一次能源中煤炭的消费量.形成了能源基础设施多功能化推进园区生态化发展的示范模式.上虞经济技术开发区能源基础设施多功能化显著地推进了生态化发展,在区域循环经济发展中承担着分解者的重要作用,其实践模式将为国内众多类似化工园区的绿色低碳循环发展提供积极的借鉴和参考作用.     

规模化养殖场污染治理方案比选及优化

通过大型规模化养殖场现场调研,按照清洁生产和循环经济发展模式,提出切实可行的生猪养殖场污染治理和废物资源化利用方案。