全文获取类型
收费全文 | 282篇 |
免费 | 30篇 |
国内免费 | 45篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 14篇 |
环保管理 | 104篇 |
综合类 | 98篇 |
基础理论 | 63篇 |
环境理论 | 1篇 |
污染及防治 | 29篇 |
评价与监测 | 10篇 |
社会与环境 | 33篇 |
灾害及防治 | 5篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 7篇 |
2022年 | 5篇 |
2021年 | 7篇 |
2020年 | 8篇 |
2019年 | 9篇 |
2018年 | 9篇 |
2017年 | 18篇 |
2016年 | 10篇 |
2015年 | 13篇 |
2014年 | 16篇 |
2013年 | 31篇 |
2012年 | 10篇 |
2011年 | 16篇 |
2010年 | 16篇 |
2009年 | 10篇 |
2008年 | 15篇 |
2007年 | 32篇 |
2006年 | 12篇 |
2005年 | 7篇 |
2004年 | 11篇 |
2003年 | 5篇 |
2002年 | 4篇 |
2001年 | 8篇 |
2000年 | 6篇 |
1999年 | 6篇 |
1998年 | 4篇 |
1997年 | 2篇 |
1996年 | 10篇 |
1995年 | 5篇 |
1994年 | 10篇 |
1993年 | 2篇 |
1992年 | 3篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 3篇 |
1989年 | 5篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
1969年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有357条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
271.
水体中饱和溶解氧的求算方法探讨 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
根据标准大气压和不同水温下的饱和溶解氧浓度值回归出饱和溶解氧浓度值随水温的变化公式,并探讨了水体中饱和溶解氧浓度与大气压的关系,结果表明,计算结果与实测值的相对误差在±0.5%范围内。 相似文献
272.
Barbara M. Miller Julie Lellis 《Environmental Communication: A Journal of Nature and Culture》2016,10(2):249-268
A form of issue advocacy, marketplace advocacy campaigns often arise in response to burgeoning societal concerns, especially those faced by energy industries. Although these campaigns may include brief and selective references to corporate activities, most campaigns place a much stronger emphasis on commonly shared societal values. This study examines audience response to values-based environmental marketplace advocacy messages by the fossil fuel industries through a series of focus groups. Four instrumental values were identified in campaign videos (innovation, community, resilience, and patriotism), and the terminal value of pragmatism, especially as it relates to environmental issues, was identified as a result of identification with one or more of the instrumental values. The findings are discussed through the lens of extant research on marketplace advocacy and organizational values as well as Habermas's theory of refuedalization, shedding light on the ways corporations appeal to commonly held societal values in an effort to generate support for a given industry. 相似文献
273.
《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(4):641-652
Abstract The key to any QSAR model is the underlying dataset. In order to construct a reliable dataset to develop a QSAR model for pesticide toxicity, we have derived a protocol to critically evaluate the quality of the underlying data. In developing an appropriate protocol that would enable data to be selected in constructing a QSAR, we concentrated on one toxicity end point, the 96 h LC50 from the acute rainbow trout study. This end point is key in pesticide regulation carried out under 91/414/EEC. The dataset used for this exercise was from the US EPA-OPP database. 相似文献
274.
275.
276.
基于人体健康风险的水污染事件污染物安全阈值研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
水污染事件急性人体健康风险评估是环境科学的一个新兴研究领域.在简要介绍污染物急性风险评估方法的基础上,建立了水污染事件特征污染物安全阈值的计算模型.根据水污染事件特征污染物安全阈值计算方法,对我国2000~2010年间发生的主要水污染事件特征污染物的急性暴露安全阈值进行研究.结果表明不同水污染事件特征污染物的急性暴露安全阈值:氰化钠、镉、甲醛、氨氮、甲苯、硝基苯、微囊藻毒素-LR分别为0.1、0.6、8、20、6、0.07、0.004 mg.L-1.比较了急慢性安全阈值计算方法,其差异性在于污染物毒理学范围不同、饮用水暴露比例不同、暴露敏感人群不同. 相似文献
277.
Landholder Profiling and Typologies for Natural Resource–Management Policy and Program Support: Potential and Constraints 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The use of landholder typologies to aid the development, implementation, and monitoring natural-resource management (NRM) policies and programs has increased considerably during the past decade. This article explores the potential for using such typologies for a variety of NRM and rural and regional development applications. Review of typology use further suggests that there is potential to refine the way that typologies are developed and applied to better aid NRM, farming systems analyses, and rural and regional development. Before typologies will be adopted more widely, a number of theoretical and methodologic issues must be addressed. These include the following questions: (1) Which criteria and methods should or can be used to classify landholders? (2) How should studies across spatial and temporal scales be integrated? (3) How should multiple and single industry studies be integrated to gain the most value from research? We argue that quantitative research techniques are well suited to provide an underlying structure for landholder typologies, and qualitative research techniques are useful for developing understanding of the nature of variation within and between landholder types. We argued further that because of the potential utility and breadth for the application of landholder typologies, a nested set of landholder typologies could be developed that are coordinated at the national, regional, and local geographic levels, with repeated measures used to track the evolution with time of landholder practices, management values, and socioeconomic characteristics. 相似文献
278.
Rachelle K. Gould Sarah C. Klain Nicole M. Ardoin Terre Satterfield Ulalia Woodside Neil Hannahs Gretchen C. Daily Kai M. Chan 《Conservation biology》2015,29(2):575-586
Stakeholders’ nonmaterial desires, needs, and values often critically influence the success of conservation projects. These considerations are challenging to articulate and characterize, resulting in their limited uptake in management and policy. We devised an interview protocol designed to enhance understanding of cultural ecosystem services (CES). The protocol begins with discussion of ecosystem‐related activities (e.g., recreation, hunting) and management and then addresses CES, prompting for values encompassing concepts identified in the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2005) and explored in other CES research. We piloted the protocol in Hawaii and British Columbia. In each location, we interviewed 30 individuals from diverse backgrounds. We analyzed results from the 2 locations to determine the effectiveness of the interview protocol in elucidating nonmaterial values. The qualitative and spatial components of the protocol helped characterize cultural, social, and ethical values associated with ecosystems in multiple ways. Maps and situational, or vignette‐like, questions helped respondents articulate difficult‐to‐discuss values. Open‐ended prompts allowed respondents to express a diversity of ecosystem‐related values and proved sufficiently flexible for interviewees to communicate values for which the protocol did not explicitly probe. Finally, the results suggest that certain values, those mentioned frequently throughout the interview, are particularly salient for particular populations. The protocol can provide efficient, contextual, and place‐based data on the importance of particular ecosystem attributes for human well‐being. Qualitative data are complementary to quantitative and spatial assessments in the comprehensive representation of people's values pertaining to ecosystems, and this protocol may assist in incorporating values frequently overlooked in decision making processes. 相似文献
279.
That at least some aspects of nature possess intrinsic value is considered by some an axiom of conservation. Others consider nature's intrinsic value superfluous or anathema. This range of views among mainstream conservation professionals potentially threatens the foundation of conservation. One challenge in resolving this disparity is that disparaging portrayals of nature's intrinsic value appear rooted in misconceptions and unfounded presumptions about what it means to acknowledge nature's intrinsic value. That acknowledgment has been characterized as vacuous, misanthropic, of little practical consequence to conservation, adequately accommodated by economic valuation, and not widely accepted in society. We reviewed the philosophical basis for nature's intrinsic value and the implications for acknowledging that value. Our analysis is rooted to the notion that when something possesses intrinsic value it deserves to be treated with respect for what it is, with concern for its welfare or in a just manner. From this basis, one can only conclude that nature's intrinsic value is not a vacuous concept or adequately accommodated by economic valuation. Acknowledging nature's intrinsic value is not misanthropic because concern for nature's welfare (aside from its influence on human welfare) does not in any way preclude also being concerned for human welfare. The practical import of acknowledging nature's intrinsic value rises from recognizing all the objects of conservation concern (e.g., many endangered species) that offer little benefit to human welfare. Sociological and cultural evidence indicates the belief that at least some elements of nature possess intrinsic value is widespread in society. Our reasoning suggests the appropriateness of rejecting the assertion that nature's intrinsic value is anathema to conservation and accepting its role as an axiom. Evaluar si el Valor Intrínseco de la Naturaleza es un Axioma o un Anatema para la Conservación 相似文献
280.
Sara Dubois Nicole Fenwick Erin A. Ryan Liv Baker Sandra E. Baker Ngaio J. Beausoleil Scott Carter Barbara Cartwright Federico Costa Chris Draper John Griffin Adam Grogan Gregg Howald Bidda Jones Kate E. Littin Amanda T. Lombard David J. Mellor Daniel Ramp Catherine A. Schuppli David Fraser 《Conservation biology》2017,31(4):753-760
Human–wildlife conflicts are commonly addressed by excluding, relocating, or lethally controlling animals with the goal of preserving public health and safety, protecting property, or conserving other valued wildlife. However, declining wildlife populations, a lack of efficacy of control methods in achieving desired outcomes, and changes in how people value animals have triggered widespread acknowledgment of the need for ethical and evidence‐based approaches to managing such conflicts. We explored international perspectives on and experiences with human–wildlife conflicts to develop principles for ethical wildlife control. A diverse panel of 20 experts convened at a 2‐day workshop and developed the principles through a facilitated engagement process and discussion. They determined that efforts to control wildlife should begin wherever possible by altering the human practices that cause human–wildlife conflict and by developing a culture of coexistence; be justified by evidence that significant harms are being caused to people, property, livelihoods, ecosystems, and/or other animals; have measurable outcome‐based objectives that are clear, achievable, monitored, and adaptive; predictably minimize animal welfare harms to the fewest number of animals; be informed by community values as well as scientific, technical, and practical information; be integrated into plans for systematic long‐term management; and be based on the specifics of the situation rather than negative labels (pest, overabundant) applied to the target species. We recommend that these principles guide development of international, national, and local standards and control decisions and implementation. 相似文献