草粉担载Na2CO3可逆脱硫吸附剂的制备及脱硫活性

通过浸渍方法,制备了5%～90%(质量分数)担载量Na₂CO₃/草粉脱硫剂.实验结果表明,较小的草粉粒度(≤0.28mm)和较低的气体流量(40mL/min)有利于SO₂脱除,但是脱硫温度(70℃～300℃)对脱硫效果影响不大.利用XRD,SEM,ATR-IR等分析手段,研究了草粉改性Na₂CO₃脱硫吸附剂的机理.实验证明:改性Na₂CO₃吸附剂高效脱硫的机理主要在于吸附剂表面结构的无定形态,因而具有比较大的比表面积(12.14m²/g)和孔体积(0.093cm³/g).     

Online recognition of drainage type based on UV-vis spectra and derivative neural network algorithm

• UV-vis absorption analyzer was applied in drainage type online recognition. • The UV-vis spectrum of four drainage types were collected and evaluated. • A convolutional neural network with multiple derivative inputs was established. • Effects of different network structures and input contents were compared. Optimizing sewage collection is important for water pollution control and wastewater treatment plants quality and efficiency improvement. Currently, the urban drainage pipeline network is upgrading to improve its classification and collection ability. However, there is a lack of efficient online monitoring and identification technology. UV-visible absorption spectrum probe is considered as a potential monitoring method due to its small size, reagent-free and fast detection. Because the performance parameters of probe like optic resolution, dynamic interval and signal-to-noise ratio are weak and high turbidity of sewage raises the noise level, it is necessary to extract shape features from the turbidity disturbed drainage spectrum for classification purposes. In this study, drainage network samples were online collected and tested, and four types were labeled according to sample sites and environment situation. Derivative spectrum were adopted to amplify the shape features, while convolutional neural network algorithm was established to conduct nonlinear spectrum classification. Influence of input and network structure on classification accuracy was compared. Original spectrum, first-order derivative spectrum and a combination of both were set to be three different inputs. Artificial neural network with or without convolutional layer were set be two different network structures. The results revealed a convolutional neural network combined with inputs of first and zero-order derivatives was proposed to have the best classification effect on domestic sewage, mixed rainwater, rainwater and industrial sewage. The recognition rate of industrial wastewater was 100%, and the recognition rate of domestic sewage and rainwater mixing system were over 90%.     

烟尘在线监测开发与应用

针对监测数据反馈时间长,不利于指导生产的问题,实施了球团厂烟尘在线监测系统,实现了监测数据及时反馈并用于指导生产过程控制和除尘设施维护,取得良好效果。     

生物类水质在线自动分析仪的标定

国产蓝星LXWA-0型BOD/COD/TOC水质在线自动分析仪在我站安装运行后,该公司未提供标定方法,无法知道该仪器的灵敏度.本文通过对该分析仪的方法原理、反应机理和特点进行系统分析,提出一个完善的生物类在线自动分析仪的标定方法,解决了这一问题.结果表明,地表水自动监测站大部分的监测断面设置在水域较广的江河湖泊中,地表水水质变化不大,这正好发挥了RACOD仪的优点.     

天津市污染源在线监测数据管理系统的设计与功能分析

近些年我国大力开展了国控重点污染源自动监控网络建设,目前全国已对7 600多家国控重点污染源安装了在线监测设备,并实现了与各级环境监管部门的数据实时传输。基于我国现有监控平台的功能及存在的问题,介绍并分析了天津市污染源在线监测数据管理系统的建设目标、结构设计、功能、作用和特点,对污染减排及自动监控管理工作具有重要的指导意义。     

海洋环境立体监测技术

为了保护和合理利用海洋,必须对海洋环境进行长期连续、多要素、多维空间的立体监控。海洋环境立体监测系统技术摒弃了传统将水样带回实验室预处理、存放再进行后期分析的低效方法,极大地提高了数据的采集效率,减轻了海洋监测工作者的劳动强度,节省了人力、物力和财力。本文介绍了海洋环境立体监测技术中的系统集成及数据分析平台等。     

提升光电编码器湿热环境适应性方法研究

目的研究提升光电编码器湿热环境适应性的方法。方法对某型军用电子装备中,光电编码器湿热环境适应性低的原因进行分析,并制定相应的工艺改进方法。结果根据分析可知,潮气进入光电编码器内部和芯线接头处是造成故障率高的原因,拟定了相应的解决方法。由验证试验结果可知,实施工艺改进方法后,光电编码器内部和芯线接头处再无潮气进入。结论经过验证,改进的工艺方法非常有效,光电编码器在湿热环境下的适应能力得到了极大提高。     

大型蚤在线生物监测系统研究

近年来,世界范围内突发性废水泄漏事件频发,在引起人们对水质问题恐慌的同时,也促进了饮用水在线监测与早期污染预警系统的发展。生物监测可以对污染环境下多污染物的联合毒性进行有效评估,具有传统化学监测所不具备的优点,已成为判定水质是否对水生生物存在影响、是否符合人类安全饮用的有效依据和手段。介绍了大型蚤在线生物监测系统的多通道流通生物测试室和生物传感器系统,并对世界范围内的研究与应用情况做了研究综述。目前,采用大型蚤作为指示生物的在线监测系统已在饮用水水质监测方面成功实现,但其在工业废水接管过程中毒性评估和早期预警的研究和应用上尚有不足,有待更加深入地探讨与研究。     

Climate Change Reporting in Great Lakes Region Newspapers: A Comparative Study of the Use of Expert Sources

This study focuses on the use of science sources as experts in news stories about climate change coverage in the Great Lakes region of the US and Canada. We examine, using the hierarchy of influences model, whether the use of scientific sources in climate change coverage may be related to factors such as geographic location, reporting frequency, and authorship, in the prestige press as well as regional and local media. The study found that as many or more non-scientists than scientists are selected as sources regardless of geographic location, reporting frequency, or authorship. However, the study also found that the more stories reporters produce on this topic, the more likely their stories are to use and give prominence to science sources. In addition, the articles included few denier sources, but denier views are more likely to appear in a more prominent location in the articles than supporters when stories are framed as conflict over global warming. These results highlight the need for additional research examining the expertise of climate scientists in news stories to better understand news decision-making in the context of complex scientific reporting.     

A/O生物脱氮工艺处理生活污水中试(三)短程硝化过程控制的研究

应用A/O生物脱氮中试试验装置处理实际生活污水,考察了生物脱氮过程中DO和pH的变化规律.结果表明,A/O工艺硝化过程中DO和pH在好氧区的变化可分为3种典型情况,并获得pH曲线可以作为短程硝化反应的控制参数,基于在线过程控制,可以获得稳定较高的NO-2-N积累,而不采用在线过程控制,NO-2-N积累很不稳定;当亚硝化过程完成继续曝气将造成亚硝酸氮继续氧化为硝酸氮,从而亚硝酸氮积累率降低.应用在线过程控制,不但可提高系统脱氮效率,而且可大大节约系统运行费用.