二安替比林对溴苯基甲烷光度法测定锰

合成了一个新的二安替比试剂,二安替比林对溴苯基甲烷（ＤＡｐＢＭ）并研究了它和Ｍｎ（Ⅶ）的显色条件,在磷酸介质中,Ｍｎ（Ⅱ）存在下,ＤＡｐＢＭ和Ｍｎ（Ⅶ）生在橙色产物λｍａｘ＝４８０ｎｍ,ε＝１．２８×１０＾６Ｌ．（ｍｏｌ．ｃｍ）＾－１,锰的含量在０．１－０．９μｇ／２５ｍｌ内符合比尔定律,用于食品和水样中锰的测定,结果满意。     

EROD activity and stable isotopes in seabirds to disentangle marine food web contamination after the Prestige oil spill

In this study, we measured via surgical sampling hepatic EROD activity in yellow-legged gulls from oiled and unoiled colonies, 17 months after the Prestige oil spill. We also analyzed stable isotope composition in feathers of the biopsied gulls, in an attempt to monitor oil incorporation into marine food web. We found that yellow-legged gulls in oiled colonies were being exposed to remnant oil as shown by hepatic EROD activity levels. EROD activity was related to feeding habits of individual gulls with apparent consequences on delayed lethality. Capture-recapture analysis of biopsied gulls suggests that the surgery technique did not affect gull survival, giving support to this technique as a monitoring tool for oil exposure assessment. Our study highlights the combination of different veterinary, toxicological and ecological methodologies as a useful approach for the monitoring of exposure to remnant oil after a large oil spill.     

微电解法预处理对氟硝基苯废水的研究

采用废铁屑微电解法对氟硝基苯废水进行预处理，在铁粉投加量为3.0g/L、phH为3．0、反应时间为3h、催化剂氯化铵用量为2.0g/L的条件下，对氟硝基苯转化为氨基氟苯的转化率为70％、出水的BOD5／COD值由0上升到0．27。     

琉基葡聚糖凝胶分离富集-二溴对甲偶氮羧微乳液分光光度法测定微量镍

研究了在溴代十六烷基吡啶（CPB）、正丁醇、正庚烷、水自制微乳溶液存在下,镍与二溴对甲偶氮羧（DBpMCA）的显色反应,在pH值为9．07的Na2B4O7-HCl缓冲溶液中,镍与试剂形成淡红色配合物,最大吸收峰位于560nm波长处,表观摩尔吸光系数ε为2．8×10^5L／（mol·cm）。优化了试验条件,考察了共存离子的影响,方法在0．002mg／L～0．320mg／L范围内符合比尔定律,检出限为0．0006mg／L,生活垃圾、水、土壤样品测定的RSD为2．1％～5．2％,加标回收率为96．6％～104％。     

M‐(p‐Nitrobenzyl) pyridine as a spray reagent for the thin‐layer chromatographic detection of dimethyl tetrachloroterphthalate herbicide

Abstractp> The developed thin‐layer chromatogram of DCPA (Dacthal) is sprayed with 4‐(p‐nitrobenzyl)pyridine chromogenic reagent followed by ammonium carbonate solution. The chromatogram is then heated in an oven at 130°C for 20 minutes. When cool, the chromatogram is sprayed with tetraethylenepentamine reagent. DCPA spots appear blue against a white background. The sensitivity of this test is about 1 μg. The procedure is useful to detect DCPA in water and in soil.     

Laboratory studies on volatilization and mineralization of 14c‐p,p'‐DDT in soil,release of bound residues and dissipation from solid surfaces

Abstractp> In support of field data, laboratory studies were conducted on volatilization, mineralization and binding of p>14p>C‐p,p'‐DDT in soils at Sao Paulo. Incubation of soil for 6 weeks did not result in volatilized organics or mineralization; with >95% extractable radiocarbon in the form of p,p'‐DDT. Small amounts of bound residues (1.8%) were detected in soil. These data confirm the very slow dissipation of DDT in the field which presumably relates to the acidic pH of soil (4.5–4.8).p> Bound p>14p>C‐residues in soils treated with p>14p>C‐p,p'‐DDT at Praia Grande and Sao Paulo could be released (5–21%) by sulphuric acid treatment. The released residue had the composition: 69–90% DDT, 7–32% DDD and 0–3% DDE. Incubation of soil bound p>14p>C‐residues with fresh inoculum for 3 months did not result in release of p>14p>C.p> Dissipation from wooden surfaces was fairly slow. After 20 weeks, 74% of the applied radioactivity could be recovered; 44% hexane‐non‐extractable.     

关于对氨基二甲基苯胺光度法测定硫化物方法的探讨

本文通过大量的实验证明对氨基二甲基苯胺光度法测定水中硫化物的吹气时间可由原来的25min缩短到10min,与原方法进行对照,其精密度和准确度符合要求。从而得出结论：将吹气时间原方法的25min缩短到10min,既节省了时间,又不影响方法的精密度和准确度。     

无锡某地区土壤中有机氯农药污染状况调查

调查分析了无锡市某地区土壤有机氯农药污染状况。数据表明,该地区土壤有机氯农药主要残留组分为p,p＇-DDE和p,p’-DDT,其浓度处于较低水平,对生态环境和人类健康无显著危害。     

变性高效液相色谱在大通量筛查基因突变中的应用

应用变性高效液相色谱(DHPLC)对已知序列的含外显子7的斑马鱼p53基因片段PCR产物进行突变检测,结果表明,通过克隆测序方法检测出的点突变,用DHPLC同样可以检出.且对该片段的最优化检测柱温为60℃,其特异性很好,敏感性大于95%.     

DNA聚合酶对PCR方法检测基因点突变的干扰分析

以野生型斑马鱼p53基因外显子7为目的片段,运用变性高效液相色谱(DHPLC),比较分析三种常用的商品DNA聚合酶对聚合酶链式反应(PCR)技术检测基因点突变的影响.DHPLC检测结果显示,Promega Shanghai公司Taq DNA聚合酶,Promega公司Taq DNA聚合酶和BD Biosciences公司高保真酶Advantage-HF2的分子突变频率分别为14.3%,5.95%和0.76%.通过DNA直接测序法确认表明,Promega公司Taq DNA聚合酶和BD Biosciences公司高保真酶Advantage-HF2的碱基突变频率分别为3.61×10-4和7.69×10-5.研究表明,不同的DNA聚合酶对PCR技术的检测结果有明显影响,高保真酶Advantage-HF2所造成的碱基错配率明显低于其它两种商业化Taq酶.