Sustainable Development: The Need for a New Paradigm

At present, the term sustainable development is misleading because we actually live in a markedly unsustainable world and conditions will become even more unsustainable in the 21st century. Indeed, the 21st century will be the defining period in man's occupation of this planet. Either we take very positive steps to ameliorate our environmental excesses now or we face the prospect of major environmental catastrophes in the future. It is a fact that advanced civilizations have collapsed twice within the last 5000 years in Europe and we must face up to the fact that a third collapse, this time on a global scale, is not beyond the realms of possibility. It is therefore up to us to begin using our considerable ingenuity to prepare for the future in a more rational manner than is presently the case. This article demonstrates clearly the dilemma that we now face.     

Change in the Life Cycle Strategy of Fish under the Effect of Chronic Water Pollution

Fish of a polymorphic and evolutionarily young species Coregonus lavaretusfrom a subarctic lake that has been polluted for more than 60 years are used as an example for analyzing principal trends in the dynamics of structural and functional organization of fish populations. It is shown that fish exposed to sublethal doses of toxic substances for a long time have a smaller body size, the period of their sexual maturation becomes more variable, and the frequency of spawning and life span decrease. The biochemical and bioenergetic mechanisms of variation in populations are analyzed. The ecological expediency of change in the life cycle strategy corresponding to r-selection (conversion to a short reproductive cycle) is substantiated.     

洞庭湖区退田还湖、移民建镇的社会经济效应

为了探讨长江中游地区的地方经济发展模式与移民安置容量之间的关系，充分认识生态环境治理的区域社会经济依托条件和限制因素，我们在世界自然基金会长江项目的支持下，开展“洞庭湖农村工业发展与移民建镇的案例研究”。洞庭湖区人口和城镇密集，又是全国重要的商品农业基地，退田还湖和平垸行洪的人口压力很大，移民安置任务艰巨。课程组对位于洞庭湖区的常德、岳阳两市的汉寿，安乡，岳阳3县进行了实地调查，并在6个案例乡镇进行了重点访问与移民问卷调查和乡镇企业问卷调查。以移民问卷调查为研究基础，对比分析政府在移民安置中采取的战略模式和空间取向与移民的就业和居住意愿，深入认识移民安置与城市化的相互作用关系，为制定科学合理，相互协调统一的洞庭湖区移民建镇长远规划和城镇化战略提供决策参考。     

Daily Activity and Mobility of the Common Shrew (Sorex araneus L.)

Data on the daily activity and mobility of the common shrew (Sorex araneusL.) were obtained by the method of animal marking and recapturing in test plots. Sex- and age-related differences in the locomotor activity of animals were revealed, which depended on population size and the phase of the population cycle. Under natural conditions, animal activity in the daytime proved to decrease to a lesser extent than in captivity. The mobility (locomotor activity) of shrews was shown to depend on population density, reproductive rate, and weather.     

山区生态环境恶化原因及解决途径

我国是个少林的国家,森林资源主要分布在东北、西南等地的山区,这些森林资源对于防止水土流失、保护生态环境起着非常重要的作用。然而,建国以后,我国山区的森林资源却遭到了很大破坏,山区生态环境也日趋恶化。本文即是从上述现实出发,分析了造成山区森林资源破坏和生态环境恶化的主要原因,探讨了怎样才能保护森林,保护好人类自己的家园。     

世纪之交我国人口,资源,环境的趋势分析与对策

本文全面分析了我国人口、资源、环境的现状;及其在“九五”和2010年的发展趋势;并提出了促进我国经济建设与人口、资源、环境协调发展的对策和建议。     

可持续发展理念下的经济战略选择

本文在提出人类改造自然过程中所遇到的主要主要矛盾的基础上，运用经济学原理讨论了可持续发展的环境价值观念和生产力优先发展理念对经济发展战略选择的影响，并用动态规划模型予以描述，提出了适宜的经济发展战略的政策建议。     

Macroalgal growth in nutrient-enriched estuaries: A biogeochemical and evolutionary perspective

Increased nutrient loading of a body of water leads to an increase in macroalgal growth. It is generally observed, however, that certain species thrive more than others, capitalising on the increased nutrient availability. These are usually small, fast-growing, ephemeral algae that often appear as nuisance blooms. This article discusses the correlation between nutrient increase and macroalgal bloom formation. From a historical perspective, the evolutionary history of nuisance macroalgae, and the habits available to them prior to anthropogenic influences on estuarine geochemistry are considered. The occurrence of macroalgal genera whose distribution is commonly related to estuaries with high nutrient loading is discussed, along with evidence suggesting that the ecophysiological traits of r-selected, ephemeral algae largely contribute to their ecological success and bloom-formation at nutrient-enriched sites.     

21世纪中国城市化方式转变与对策研究

21世纪之初 ,中国的城市化发展正面临一些新形势 ,必须重新定位城市化战略。本文指出加快城市化步伐 ,重视发展大城市 ,促进城市群的形成与发展 ,有重点地发展小城市 ,是未来中国城市化战略的正确选择     

蚯蚓生物滤池污水处理技术研究进展

蚯蚓生物滤池作为一项新的生态型污水处理技术,由于其具有工艺简单、建设费用低、处理效果好、剩余污泥少等优点,近年来越来越受到了国内外研究人员的重视。文章详细介绍了蚯蚓生物滤池的基本原理,发展过程以及在污水净化机理、工艺流程和应用方面的最新研究进展,以期为蚯蚓生物滤池及相关领域的研究提供参考。