抓住机遇,建设新世纪专群结合的地震监测预报系统

建设专家为主、专群结合的地震监测预报体系是当前防震减灾的重点工作之一。通过回顾浙江省“九五”期间建设地震监测系统的实践 ,认为在当前科技水平和管理体制下 ,专群结合是建设好现代化地震监测预报系统的重要保证。省局必须正确处理好省级以下地震部门工作中的几个问题 ,发挥专业队伍在监测预报体系中的主导作用 ,才能做好新时期的地震监测预报工作。     

Beyond men and women: a critical perspective on gender and disaster

Consideration of gender in the disaster sphere has centred almost exclusively on the vulnerability and capacities of women. This trend stems from a polarised Western understanding of gender as a binary concept of man—woman. Such an approach also mirrors the dominant framing of disasters and disaster risk reduction (DRR), emphasising Western standards and practices to the detriment of local, non‐Western identities and experiences. This paper argues that the man—woman dichotomy is an insufficient construct with which to address the gendered dimensions of a disaster as it fails to capture the realities of diverse gender minorities in non‐Western contexts. The paper presents case studies from the Philippines, Indonesia, and Samoa, where gender minorities display specific patterns of vulnerability associated with their marginal positions in society, yet, importantly, also possess a wide array of endogenous capacities. Recognition of these differences, needs, skills, and unique resources is essential to moving towards inclusive and gender‐sensitive DRR.     

National identities,international roles,and the legitimation of climate leadership: Germany and Norway compared

The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) confers an obligation on developed states to lead in mitigation. This obligation challenges traditional conceptions of the modern state by calling forth a more outward looking state that is able to serve both the national and international communities in the service of global climate protection. Yet, the more skeptical theories of the ecological state suggest that climate leaders will only emerge if they can connect their climate strategy to the traditional state imperatives of economic growth or national security. How the governments of Germany and Norway, both relative climate leaders with ongoing fossil-fuel dependencies, have legitimated their climate policies and diplomacy is examined through a comparative discourse analysis. While both governments rely heavily on discourses of Green growth, they also construct national identities and international role conceptions that serve purposes beyond themselves.     

Green-Tinted Glasses: How Do Pro-Environmental Citizens Conceptualize Environmental Sustainability?

Recent research has shown that many Australians see pro-environmental behaviour as desirable and identify as being green. However when compared to other countries, Australians score poorly on pro-environmental behaviour measures, engaging mostly in tokenistic pro-environmental actions, and demonstrate low levels of concern for the environment. In this article, we examine this tension through exploring the meaning of the term sustainability to Australian participants who self-identify as pro-environmental. Twenty-six interviews were conducted and analysed using a causal layered analysis. Through the examination of participants’ environmental discourse and practices, some of the deeper socio-psychological processes influencing pro-environmental behaviour are revealed. While participants aspired to be green, their actions were bound by cultural traditions and world views that perpetuate environmental degradation. Participants struggled to define the term sustainability and held self-enhancing motives for adopting what they identify as a pro-environmental identity. These findings highlight the influence of collective cultural constructs in shaping how pro-environmental behaviours are understood and enacted.     

中国不可再生能源消耗压力驱动与强度分解

随着煤炭、石油、天然气等不可再生能源的掠夺式开采的日益严重,中国不可再生能源供需缺口日渐放大,来自于经济增长和消耗强度的冲击使得中国不可再生能源消耗压力逐年增大.在对不可再生能源供需缺口以及消耗构成分析的基础上,运用IPAT方程、LMDI分解法,对中国不可再生能源消耗压力的驱动因素进行实证分析,针对作为主要驱动因素的不可再生能源消耗强度,运用费雪指数分解法进行二次结构、效率效应分解,并就分析结果作出具体剖析.研究结论如下:①中国不可再生能源消耗压力呈现“谷峰交替”型变动趋势,消耗压力的增加主要源于经济因素的驱动,消耗压力的减弱主要源于消耗强度的抑制性驱动作用;②结构效应指数对不可再生能源消耗强度的变动发挥主要影响作用,产业结构的低碳化调整会促进工业部门内部消耗强度的降低,从而达到拉动不可再生能源整体消耗强度降低的目标.     

安全工程专业本科专业规范的研究与探讨

专业规范是规范、指导本科教学的重要手段。根据教育部关于规范编制的有关文件要求和安全学科基本理论基础,自2005年以来的3年研究与编制工作,已完成安全工程专业本科专业规范的阶段性版本。起草组和业界学者共同完成的征求意见稿中,对专业的发展方向、主干学科、培养目标等方面做了比较明确的描述,设计了知识体系及其所包含的知识领域、知识单元等。同时,课程体系、专业特色的构建也得到较充分考虑。但是,规范的研究是一项很复杂的系统工程,仍需在学科基本问题的认识、知识体系框架设计、知识点的具体化等方面广泛吸收各方面的意见。     

Place attachment,place identity,and place memory: Restoring the forgotten city past

This paper investigates collective memory in inhabitants of two twin cities, Lviv (Ukraine, previously Lwów, Poland) and Wroc?aw (Poland, previously Breslau, Germany). Due to territorial changes in Eastern and Central Europe after World War II, the two cities changed their state belonging and—consequently—their populations. This study focused on memory of residence place and on its relationship with place identity and place attachment.     

Working with cognitively impaired drivers: Legal issues for mental health professionals to consider

Introduction

Mental health professionals are gatekeepers of patient confidentiality. Yet, confidentiality held too strictly, by allowing a potentially dangerous driver to assume control of a car, endangers society. Recent court cases have mandated that mental health professionals must warn those who may be potentially harmed by patients. In spite of this, disagreements linger as to whether it is the responsibility of governmental agencies or mental health professionals to decide who is unfit to operate a vehicle because of cognitive impairment. Methods: This article addresses the legally relevant considerations when working with cognitively compromised individuals who operate a motor vehicle. Legal issues surrounding confidentiality, patient rights, foreseeable risk, and the duty to warn and protect are presented in order to understand their relationship to recent court rulings.

Impact on industry

The impact on the mental health care industry includes not only concerns about increased insurance premiums or costs due to alleged negligence or litigation expenses secondary to failure to ensure the safety of an impaired client under their care. Mental health care providers are aware that the welfare of clients with impairment to cognitive decision making ability may require unique considerations for safety such as ensuring safe and appropriate transportation.     

美国安全工程师的专业范围与职责

美国安全工程师协会（ASSE）于1911年10月14日在纽约成立,其前身是联邦伤亡事故调查委员会.ASSE在近百年的发展过程中,为美国政府制定职业安全和健康标准和法律提供了重要的依据,并且积极促进政府活动的开展,对美国职业安全卫生局的机构改革提出良好的建议.1996年ASSE机构重组,重新明确安全工程师的职责范围是保护人们的生命、财产和环境不遭破坏.本文对美国安全工程师协会的发展史、安全工程师的专业范围及职责做了简要介绍.     

You Eat What You Are: Moral Dimensions of Diets Tailored to One's Genes

Thanks to developments in genomics,dietary recommendations adapted to genetic riskprofiles of individual persons are no longerscience fiction. But what are the consequencesof these diets? An examination of possibleimpacts of genetically tailor-made diets raisesmorally relevant concerns that are analogous to(medical-ethical) considerations aboutscreening and testing. These concerns oftengive rise to applying norms for informedconsent and for the weighing of burdens andbenefits. These diets also have a broaderimpact, especially because food patterns arefull of personal, social and cultural meanings.Diets will change one's food patterns and one'sattitude towards food, and this may implychanges in one's identity. We argue that suchan impact does not necessarily raise moralproblems. Moral concerns are, however, relevantif collective values and shared meanings infood practices are at issue. Therefore, thedevelopment of genetically tailor-made dietsdoes not merely require emphasis on weighingpersonal benefits and burdens and on informedconsent. It also asks for attention to andmoral reflection on the collective valuesinvolved in food practices.