基于VEC模型的呼和浩特市三次产业发展与工业污染排放关系研究

本文通过构建VEC误差修正模型,对呼和浩特市1991-2012年间工业污染排放量与三次产业发展之间的关系分别进行考察。对具有协整关系的两组序列进行VEC模型构建,结果表明,在长期,第一产业、第三产业与工业废水排放存在反向关系,弹性分别为-6.22与-0.23,第二产业与工业废水变动方向相同,弹性为4.98。工业固体废弃物排放与第一产业产值在长期反向变动,弹性为-1.54,第二产业则与其同向运动,弹性为2.13。在短期,滞后一期与滞后二期的第一产业产值与第二产业产值对废水排放的扰动方向相反,而第三产业一阶与二阶后项的扰动方向相同,皆是反向;滞后一期的第一产业产值对固废排放反向扰动,第二产业产值的扰动方向与其相反。     

Adapting participatory processes to fine-tune conservation approaches in multiactor decision settings

Conservation decisions are typically made in complex, dynamic, and uncertain settings, where multiple actors raise diverse and potentially conflicting claims, champion different and sometimes contradictory values, and enjoy varying degrees of freedom and power to act and influence collective decisions. Therefore, effective conservation actions require conservation scientists and practitioners to take into account the complexity of multiactor settings. We devised a framework to help conservation biologists and practitioners in this task. Institutional economic theories, which are insufficiently cited in the conservation literature, contain useful insights for conservation. Among these theories, the economies of worth can significantly contribute to conservation because it can be used to classify the types of values peoples or groups refer to when they interact during the elaboration and implementation of conservation projects. Refining this approach, we designed a framework to help conservation professionals grasp the relevant differences among settings in which decisions related to conservation actions are to be made, so that they can adapt their approaches to the features of the settings they encounter. This framework distinguishes 6 types of agreements and disagreements that can occur between actors involved in a conservation project (harmony, stricto sensu arrangement, deliberated arrangement, unilateral and reciprocal compromise, and locked-in), depending on whether they disagree on values or on their applications and on whether they can converge toward common values by working together. We identified key questions that conservationists should answer to adapt their strategy to the disagreements they encounter and identified relevant participatory processes to complete the adaptation.     

压裂返排液水质特性评价及回用技术研究

为了明确压裂返排液中影响回用的突出污染物,从而针对性地研究现场处理技术,采用水质矩阵法对苏里格气田常用的两种体系压裂返排液的水质特性进行评价。结果表明:影响胍胶压裂返排液回用的污染物重要程度排序为钙镁离子、铁离子、悬浮物和pH值;影响可回收体系压裂返排液回用的污染物重要程度排序为悬浮物、pH值、钙镁离子和铁离子,两者差异明显。以此为基础,针对胍胶压裂返排液,提出“化学絮凝、离子控制、金属网过滤”的现场处理工艺,钙镁离子降低了83.7%,铁离子降低了79.6%,悬浮物降低了85.0%;针对可回收体系压裂返排液,提出“重力沉降、金属网过滤”的现场处理工艺,悬浮物降低了81.0%,处理后水质达到重复配液要求。     

兖州矿区循环经济与可持续发展研究

按照循环经济的理论,结合兖州矿区产业链,提出了兖州矿区循环经济的初步模式和对策。最后,以济三煤矿为例,介绍了兖州矿区循环经济的实践。