通海县生态经济建设及制约因素

生态经济建设是实现我国可持续发展战略思想的一项具体措施。本文介绍了通海县从生态破坏到生态经济建设的历史过程及所取得的经验教训；分析了尚存在的制约因素，提出未来主要考虑重点建设的１０个方面。     

社会主义市场经济中政府的环境保护职能探析

在全面分析人类、社会、经济发展过程中的教训和经验的基础上,提出强化政府职能是环境与发展的永恒主题,发达国家“经济靠市场,环境靠政府”,是值得借鉴的经验,文章还详尽地探讨了在社会主义市场经济体制下,政府应该承担的６项具体的环境保护职能。     

市场经济对我国环境保护工作的影响与对策

我国经济体制改革的目标是建立社会主义市场的经济体制。详细分析了市场经济对我国环境保护工作产生的重大影响。①增加了新的压力。②面临了新的挑战。③带来了新的机遇。同时提出了在社会主义市场经济体制下搞好环境保护工作的新对策。①强化环境保护工作。②环境保护工作应充分运用经济手段和法律手段。③发展和完善新老八项制度。④建立健全环境保护市场体系。     

论洱海流域可持续发展

在分析洱海流域自然环境和经济社会环境的基础上,提出应从控制人口、建设生态工程、科学合理调配水资源、优化产业结构、改变能源结构和推广生态农业等方面实施洱海流域的可持续发展.     

浅议宣威矿电磷一体化建设项目循环经济发展

矿电磷一体化建设项目是云南省宣威市一个新型工业化项目和循环经济试点项目，规划设计和建设均以资源的高效利用、废物资源化利用和保护生态环境为目标，具有明显的环境效益，可最终实现企业发展与环境保护共赢。     

发展循环经济促进可持续发展

本文阐述了循环经济的内涵、原则及模式，并提出发展循环经济应采取的对策和建议。     

德国垃圾的环境管理模式

德国对垃圾的环境管理主要采取先避免,在不可避免的情况下对垃圾进行再利用,对无法再利用的垃圾才进行处理,即"避免 再利用 处理"的管理理念。对垃圾的处理本着最大限度利用能量和降低对环境危害的目的,形成较为成熟技术方法。并较为全面介绍这种管理理念,以及与这种垃圾环境管理模式相对应措施。     

Chemical recycling of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (pet) by hydrolysis and glycolysis

In this paper we review an interesting method of PET recycling, i.e. chemical recycling; it is based on the concept of depolymerizing the condensation polymer through solvolytic chain cleavage into low molecular products which can be purified and reused as raw materials for the production of high-quality chemical products. In this work our attention is confined to the hydrolysis (neutral, acid and alkaline) and glycolysis processes of PET chemical recycling; operating conditions and mechanism of each method are reported and described. The neutral hydrolysis has an auto accelerating character; two kinetic models have been proposed: an half-order and a second order kinetic model. The acid hydrolysis could be explained by a modified shrinking core model under chemical reaction control and the alkaline hydrolysis by a first-order model with respect to hydroxide ion concentration. To describe glycolysis, two different kinetic models have been proposed where EG can act or not as internal catalyst. Further experimental and theoretical investigations are required to shed light on the promising processes of PET chemical recycling reviewed in this work.     

The prevention principle

Environmentally sound manufacture does not have its source only in developing and improving the techniques for treating solid, liquid and gaseous wastes at the end of the production process. Our experience shows that more effort and capital budgets must be devoted to developing preventive measures. Although the treatment techniques have become very advanced and meet ecological requirements to a very high degree, they are now reaching the limits of their technological and economic feasibility. Environmental protection at the production site has undergone structural change in recent years. The emphasis has shifted to preventive techniques which affect the production process itself, avoiding the emergence of waste at the “end of the pipe” by preventing its formation or recycling it straight away. This integrated approach is in harmony with the demands of sustainable production. The functions of in-process environmental protection measures need to be looked at as a whole from the points of view of both environmental protection and cost-effectiveness. Some integrated methods are described.