Social Networks and Community-Based Natural Resource Management

We conducted case studies of three successful examples of collaborative, community-based natural resource conservation and development. Our purpose was to: (1) identify the functions served by interactions within the social networks of involved stakeholders; (2) describe key structural properties of these social networks; and (3) determine how these structural properties varied when the networks were serving different functions. The case studies relied on semi-structured, in-depth interviews of 8 to 11 key stakeholders at each site who had played a significant role in the collaborative projects. Interview questions focused on the roles played by key stakeholders and the functions of interactions between them. Interactions allowed the exchange of ideas, provided access to funding, and enabled some stakeholders to influence others. The exchange of ideas involved the largest number of stakeholders, the highest percentage of local stakeholders, and the highest density of interactions. Our findings demonstrated the value of tailoring strategies for involving stakeholders to meet different needs during a collaborative, community-based natural resource management project. Widespread involvement of local stakeholders may be most appropriate when ideas for a project are being developed. During efforts to exert influence to secure project approvals or funding, however, involving specific individuals with political connections or influence on possible sources of funds may be critical. Our findings are consistent with past work that has postulated that social networks may require specific characteristics to meet different needs in community-based environmental management.     

城市道路交通噪声监测技术与方法的现状与展望

日趋严重的道路交通噪声已成为城市的主要噪声源之一。精准高效地监测道路交通噪声是控制交通噪声污染的重要前提,然而噪声测量技术的发展脉络仍未被厘清。通过系统梳理2000—2021年国内外发表的282篇文献,发现当前道路交通噪声监测可分为静态多站点测量、自动监测网络、移动测量和参与式测量4种方法,并应向多源监测数据融合、提升数据时空分辨率、开发低成本且易集成的自动监测网络、建立公众参与式噪声测量规范与数据整合标准、制定以人为本的城市道路交通噪声动态监测体系等方向发展。未来可采取自动监测网络为主,常规静态测量、参与式测量和移动测量等方法为辅的技术体系监测道路交通噪声。该研究可为道路交通噪声监测技术革新及噪声污染防控提供参考。     

提高洪水智能预报中洪峰预报精度方法的研究

针对防洪减灾的实际需要,对如何提高智能网络对洪峰的预报精度问题进行了深入系统的研究,提出了峰值放大修正系数和遗传算法优化网络初始权重相结合的改进算法,历史资料的检验结果表明了这些改进策略的有效性和可靠性.     

陕北焦炭行业中焦炉煤气发电的环境影响研究

介绍了陕北焦炭行业现状,运用环境影响评价的方法研究了陕北焦炭行业中焦炉煤气发电的环境影响,研究表明焦炉煤气发电工程具有较好的环境效益,它可以在全国焦炭行业尤其是小焦化集中区起到示范作用。     

日本食品废物不同资源化技术下的碳排放比较研究

应用生命周期评价法(LCA),采用日本农林水产省和环境省的调查数据和统计数据,对不同资源化技术处理食品废物碳排放进行评价.10种资源化技术相比于3种非资源化(主要是焚烧)技术的结果表明,食品废物生命周期各阶段碳排放最多的是预处理+处理阶段,约占85％;最少的是回收阶段,可抵消部分排放.此外,全生命周期总排放,甲烷化(循...     

Developing an empirical model of phytoplankton primary production: a neural network case study

We describe the development of a neural network model for estimating primary production of phytoplankton. Data from an enriched estuary in the eastern United States, Chesapeake Bay, were used to train, validate and test the model. Two error backpropagation multilayer perceptrons were trained: a simpler one (3-5-1) and a more complex one (12-5-1). Both neural networks outperformed conventional empirical models, even though only the latter, which exploits a larger suite of predictive variables, provided truly accurate outputs. The application of this neural network model is thoroughly discussed and the results of a sensitivity analysis are also presented.     

Reverse logistics in the Brazilian construction industry

In Brazil most Construction and Demolition Waste (C&D waste) is not recycled. This situation is expected to change significantly, since new federal regulations oblige municipalities to create and implement sustainable C&D waste management plans which assign an important role to recycling activities. The recycling organizational network and its flows and components are fundamental to C&D waste recycling feasibility. Organizational networks, flows and components involve reverse logistics. The aim of this work is to introduce the concepts of reverse logistics and reverse distribution channel networks and to study the Brazilian C&D waste case.     

采油作业“三废”控制技术研究与应用

针对采油作业产生的废酸、固废、废水处理成本高、技术不成熟等问题,研发改性废酸降压增注、深部调剖技术;高比重污泥悬浮研磨后的固废处理技术;低耗水打塞、原井液+CaCl2压井、原井液处理再利用技术,减少了"三废"的产生,解决了"三废"环保处理费高等问题,消除了环保隐患,实现了清洁生产,环境效益显著。     

再生资源产业回收模式比较

回收网络与回收模式的选择对再生资源企业非常关键。在实践中,存在分散型、层级管理、柔性管理、点对点及承包协议等多种不同的回收模式,而且各自具备不同的特点。基于对不同回收模式的比较分析,针对每种模式分别提出以下建议:以政策规范分散回收行为、以宣传推广柔性管理模式、以共生提高层级网络效率、以信息平台扩大点对点模式、以市场运行承包协议模式。